scholarly journals Drug knowledge bases and their applications in biomedical informatics research

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1308-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Zhu ◽  
Olivier Elemento ◽  
Jyotishman Pathak ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
Health Information Technologies ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Drug Knowledge ◽  
Novel Applications

Abstract Recent advances in biomedical research have generated a large volume of drug-related data. To effectively handle this flood of data, many initiatives have been taken to help researchers make good use of them. As the results of these initiatives, many drug knowledge bases have been constructed. They range from simple ones with specific focuses to comprehensive ones that contain information on almost every aspect of a drug. These curated drug knowledge bases have made significant contributions to the development of efficient and effective health information technologies for better health-care service delivery. Understanding and comparing existing drug knowledge bases and how they are applied in various biomedical studies will help us recognize the state of the art and design better knowledge bases in the future. In addition, researchers can get insights on novel applications of the drug knowledge bases through a review of successful use cases. In this study, we provide a review of existing popular drug knowledge bases and their applications in drug-related studies. We discuss challenges in constructing and using drug knowledge bases as well as future research directions toward a better ecosystem of drug knowledge bases.

scholarly journals An evaluation of factors affecting the management of COVID-19 in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed S.M Sadrul Huda ◽  
Afsana Akhtar ◽  
Segufta Dilshad ◽  
Syeeda Raisa Maliha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Health Care Management ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

PurposeThe study aims to gain insights into the management of COVID-19 in Bangladesh to identify the factors that are relevant to managing the pandemic in a developing country.Design/methodology/approachThe study was carried out by pursuing the archival method. The information was collected from credible newspaper reports over the previous months, as well as articles published on the subject of COVID-19.FindingsThe research revealed important and relevant dimensions of the health sector in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. The major factors were doctors, nurses (health service providers), patients, (customers) and society. This is a pioneering paper, which documents the major lessons learned from the management of COVID-19 in Bangladesh concerning three stakeholders of the health-care system, i.e. providers, patients and society. This paper covers the situation regarding the ongoing pandemic from three perspectives – provider, customers and society, and thus, may help to develop future research regarding the development of health-care management models for addressing the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitations of this paper is its over dependence on secondary sources for collecting the information.Practical implicationsThis paper presents the learnings from the pandemic in health-care management in different categories (e.g. social, doctor/nurse, patients), which can help the managers in understanding different dimensions of the health-care sector from different perspectives. The problems as well as the learnings stated in the paper can help the policy makers implement such strategies to ensure better delivery of the medical health-care service during a pandemic.Social implicationsThis paper clearly reveals the social dimensions of the COVID-19 by assessing the social aspects of COVID-19 management. Both social stigma and support are traced out during evaluating the situation. Thus, the social forces will be able to rethink about their role in addressing the social costs of pandemic.Originality/valueThis is a commentary piece.

Evaluation of a Care Coordination/Home-Telehealth Program for Veterans with Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neale R. Chumbler ◽  
Britta Neugaard ◽  
Rita Kobb ◽  
Patricia Ryan ◽  
Haijing Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Coordination ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Regression To The Mean

We evaluated a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) care coordination/ hometelehealth (CC/HT) programon the utilization of health care services and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in veterans with diabetes. Administrative records of 445 veterans with diabetes were reviewed to compare health care service utilization in the 1-year period before and 1-year period postenrollment and also examined self-reported HRQL at enrollment and 1 year later. Multivariate analyses indicated a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of patients who were hospitalized (50% reduction), emergency room use (11% reduction), reduction in the average number of bed days of care (decreased an average of 3.0 days), and improvement in the HRQL role-physical functioning, bodily pain, and social functioning. The results need to be interpreted with caution because we used a single-group study design that may be influenced by regression to the mean. Ideally, future research should use a randomized controlled trial design.

The relationship between perceived dissimilarity and feedback avoidance behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Song ◽  
Kubilay Gok ◽  
Sherry Moss ◽  
Nancy Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Avoidance Behaviour ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand the conditions in which subordinates, after making a mistake, are more likely to engage in feedback avoidance behaviour (FAB), a set of behaviours that could ultimately jeopardise patient safety in a health care context. Design/methodology/approach This study used a sample of 183 independent leader-subordinate dyads in the health care service sector. For this study, a multiple mediator model in which three types of conflict (task conflict, relationship conflict and process conflict) were tested and acted as mediating mechanisms that transmitted the effects of perceived dissimilarity to FAB. Findings The results supported the mediating role of two of the three forms of conflict and highlighted the consequences of dissimilarity between supervisors and subordinates in the healthcare setting. Research limitations/implications One of the noteworthy limitations of this study was that this study used cross-sectional time-lagged data. Future research should use a more rigorous longitudinal approach such as a cross-lagged design (Whitman et al., 2012) to explore the dynamic nature of dyadic relationships over time. Practical implications An important implication of our study results suggests that health care leadership development training should provide opportunities to increase awareness of the tendency of leaders to treat subordinates perceived as dissimilar more negatively. Originality/value These results contribute to our understanding of the interpersonal processes between subordinates and their supervisors, which could have a significant impact on organisational outcomes in the health care setting.

Data and HIT systems in primary care settings: an analysis of perceptions and use

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia D. Arabadjis ◽  
Erin E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Information Technologies ◽  
Related Data ◽  
System Use

PurposeElectronic Health Records (EHRs) and other Health Information Technologies (HITs) pose significant challenges for clinicians, administrators and managers in the field of primary care. While there is an abundance of literature on the challenges of HIT systems in primary care, there are also practices where HITs are well-integrated and useful for care delivery. This study aims to (1) understand how exemplary primary care practices conceptualized data and HIT system use in their care delivery and (2) describe components that support and promote data and HIT system use in care delivery.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a sub-analysis of a larger qualitative data set on exemplary primary care in which data was collected using in-depth interviews, observations, field notes and primary source documents from week-long site visits at each organization. Using a combination of qualitative analysis methods including elements of thematic analysis, discourse analysis, and qualitative comparison analysis, we examined HIT-related data across six exemplary primary care organizations.FindingsThree key components were identified that underlie engagement with data and HIT systems: data audience identification, defined data purpose and structures for participation in both data design and maintenance.Originality/valueWithin the context of primary care, these findings have implications for effective integration of HIT systems into primary care delivery.

Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Diniz ◽  
Sónia F. Bernardes ◽  
Paula Castro
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Health Related

Dehumanization is an everyday, pervasive phenomenon in health contexts. Given its detrimental consequences to health care, much research has been dedicated to understanding and promoting the humanization of health services. However, health care service research has neglected the sociopsychological processes involved in the dehumanization of self and others, in formal but also informal health-related contexts. Drawing upon sociopsychological models of dehumanization, this article will bridge this gap by presenting a critical review of studies on everyday meaning-making and person perception processes of dehumanization in health-related contexts. A database search was conducted in PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, using a combination of keywords on dehumanization and health/illness/body; 3,229 references were screened; 95 full texts were assessed for eligibility; 59 studies were included. Most studies focused on informal contexts, reflecting a decontextualized and one-sided view of dehumanization (i.e., not integrating actors’ and victims’ perspectives). Despite the dominant focus on self-dehumanization, emerging perspectives uncover the role of processes that deny human uniqueness to others, and their individual determinants and consequences for mental health. A few studies bring to light the functions of a variety of dehumanizing body metaphors on self- and other-dehumanization. These trends in the literature leave several gaps, which are here critically analyzed to inform future research.

scholarly journals Conversational Agents in Health Care: Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorainne Tudor Car ◽  
Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran ◽  
Bhone Myint Kyaw ◽  
Tobias Kowatsch ◽  
Shafiq Joty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Service Support

BACKGROUND Conversational agents, also known as chatbots, are computer programs designed to simulate human text or verbal conversations. They are increasingly used in a range of fields, including health care. By enabling better accessibility, personalization, and efficiency, conversational agents have the potential to improve patient care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to review the current applications, gaps, and challenges in the literature on conversational agents in health care and provide recommendations for their future research, design, and application. METHODS We performed a scoping review. A broad literature search was performed in MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Ovid), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database; Ovid), PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central with the search terms “conversational agents,” “conversational AI,” “chatbots,” and associated synonyms. We also searched the gray literature using sources such as the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) WorldCat database and ResearchGate in April 2019. Reference lists of relevant articles were checked for further articles. Screening and data extraction were performed in parallel by 2 reviewers. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis. RESULTS The literature search yielded 47 study reports (45 articles and 2 ongoing clinical trials) that matched the inclusion criteria. The identified conversational agents were largely delivered via smartphone apps (n=23) and used free text only as the main input (n=19) and output (n=30) modality. Case studies describing chatbot development (n=18) were the most prevalent, and only 11 randomized controlled trials were identified. The 3 most commonly reported conversational agent applications in the literature were treatment and monitoring, health care service support, and patient education. CONCLUSIONS The literature on conversational agents in health care is largely descriptive and aimed at treatment and monitoring and health service support. It mostly reports on text-based, artificial intelligence–driven, and smartphone app–delivered conversational agents. There is an urgent need for a robust evaluation of diverse health care conversational agents’ formats, focusing on their acceptability, safety, and effectiveness.

Does Perceived Service Quality Affect Patient Satisfaction?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Afsana Akhtar ◽  
SSM Sadrul Huda ◽  
Segufta Dilshad
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Perceived Service Quality ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
The Impact

The healthcare industry is becoming highly competitive with an increasing number of private hospitals and clinics in Bangladesh. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of assessment of different aspects of service quality on patient satisfaction considering the public and private hospitals and clinics of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. A purposive sampling method was used to identify the person who visited hospitals in the previous years' time. The sample size was 100. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The results showed a positive relation between perceived service quality and patient satisfaction. According to this study, the two most important constructs of service quality that have an impact on customer satisfaction are interpersonal interactions and technical quality. The research also found a significant correlation among perceived health care service quality, patient satisfaction, and behavioural intention of the patient. Future research is recommended to test the hypothesis with larger sample.

scholarly journals Conversational Agents in Health Care: Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis

10.2196/17158 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. e17158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorainne Tudor Car ◽  
Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran ◽  
Bhone Myint Kyaw ◽  
Tobias Kowatsch ◽  
Shafiq Joty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Service Support

Background Conversational agents, also known as chatbots, are computer programs designed to simulate human text or verbal conversations. They are increasingly used in a range of fields, including health care. By enabling better accessibility, personalization, and efficiency, conversational agents have the potential to improve patient care. Objective This study aimed to review the current applications, gaps, and challenges in the literature on conversational agents in health care and provide recommendations for their future research, design, and application. Methods We performed a scoping review. A broad literature search was performed in MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Ovid), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database; Ovid), PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central with the search terms “conversational agents,” “conversational AI,” “chatbots,” and associated synonyms. We also searched the gray literature using sources such as the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) WorldCat database and ResearchGate in April 2019. Reference lists of relevant articles were checked for further articles. Screening and data extraction were performed in parallel by 2 reviewers. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis. Results The literature search yielded 47 study reports (45 articles and 2 ongoing clinical trials) that matched the inclusion criteria. The identified conversational agents were largely delivered via smartphone apps (n=23) and used free text only as the main input (n=19) and output (n=30) modality. Case studies describing chatbot development (n=18) were the most prevalent, and only 11 randomized controlled trials were identified. The 3 most commonly reported conversational agent applications in the literature were treatment and monitoring, health care service support, and patient education. Conclusions The literature on conversational agents in health care is largely descriptive and aimed at treatment and monitoring and health service support. It mostly reports on text-based, artificial intelligence–driven, and smartphone app–delivered conversational agents. There is an urgent need for a robust evaluation of diverse health care conversational agents’ formats, focusing on their acceptability, safety, and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Some Multidimensional Unintended Consequences of Telehealth Utilization: A Multi-Project Evaluation Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassane Alami ◽  
Marie-Pierre Gagnon ◽  
Jean-Paul Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Information Technologies ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
And Diffusion

Background: Telehealth initiatives have bloomed around the globe, but their integration and diffusion remain challenging because of the complex issues they raise. Available evidence around telehealth usually deals with its expected effects and benefits, but its unintended consequences (UCs) and influencing factors are little documented. This study aims to explore, describe and analyze multidimensional UCs that have been associated with the use of telehealth. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the evaluations of 10 telehealth projects conducted over a 22-year period in the province of Quebec (Canada). All material was subjected to a qualitative thematic-pragmatic content analysis with triangulation of methodologies and data sources. We used the conceptual model of the UCs of health information technologies proposed by Bloomrosen et al to structure our analysis. Results: Four major findings emerged from our analysis. First, telehealth utilization requires many adjustments, changes and negotiations often underestimated in the planning and initial phases of the projects. Second, telehealth may result in the emergence of new services corridors that disturb existing ones and involve several adjustments for organizations, such as additional investments and resources, but also the risk of fragmentation of services and the need to balance between standardization of practices and local innovation. Third, telehealth may accentuate power relations between stakeholders. Fourth, it may lead to significant changes in the responsibilities of each actor in the supply chain of services. Finally, current legislative and regulatory frameworks appear ill-adapted to many of the new realities brought by telehealth. Conclusion: This study provides a first attempt for an overview of the UCs associated with the use of telehealth. Future research-evaluation studies should be more sensitive to the multidimensional and interdependent factors that influence telehealth implementation and utilization as well as its impacts, intended or unintended, at all levels. Thus, a consideration of potential UCs should inform telehealth projects, from their planning until their scaling-up.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document