What is to be Done About Violence Against Women?: Gender, Violence, Cosmopolitanism and the Law

Resumo: O presente artigo aborda a Lei Maria da Penha sob o prisma do debate da violência contra a mulher. A violência é tratada sob aspectos culturais e historicamente estabelecidos nas relações de poder entre homens e mulheres. A Lei 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006, revela-se parcialmente alheia aos debates mais recentes dos estudos feministas ao considerar o sexo biológico definidor do gênero. Fez-se importante apresentar o surgimento e andamento das Delegacias Especializadas de Atendimento à Mulher que sofre violência. Em especial, focalizamos Mato Grosso. Apresentamos os antecedentes da lei a partir dos juizados especiais e decisões judiciais a partir da lei. Palavras-chave: Lei Maria da Penha; gênero; violência; Mato Grosso. Abstract: This paper addresses the Maria da Penha Law in the light of the discussion of violence against women. Violence is treated under cultural aspects and historically established power relations between men and women. Law 11.340 of August 7, 2006, it is revealed partially foreign to most recent discussions of feminist studies to consider the defining biological sex of the genre. There was important to present the rise and progress of the Special Police Departments for Assistance to Women suffering violence. In particular, we focus on Mato Grosso. Here is the background of the law from the special courts and judicial decisions from the law. Keywords: Maria da Penha Law; gender; violence; Mato Grosso.

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Legal and Institutional Functionality in the Protection of Women – Victims of Domestic Violence in the Republic of Macedonia – Present Situation and Future Perspectives

European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research ◽

10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p131-139 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Zorica Saltirovska Professor ◽

Sunchica Dimitrijoska Professor

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Women Victims ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Social Protection ◽

National Level ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Republic Of Macedonia ◽

The Law ◽

The Republic ◽

Gender Based

Gender-based violence is a form of discrimination that prevents women from enjoying the rights and liberties on an equal level with men. Inevitably, domestic violence shows the same trend of victimizing women to such a degree that the term “domestic violence” is increasingly becoming synonymous with “violence against women”. The Istanbul Convention defines domestic violence as "gender-based violence against women", or in other words "violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately." The situation is similar in the Republic of Macedonia, where women are predominantly victims of domestic violence. However, the Macedonian legal framework does not define domestic violence as gender-based violence, and thus it does not define it as a specific form of discrimination against women. The national legislation stipulates that victims are to be protected in both a criminal and a civil procedure, and the Law on Prevention and Protection from Domestic Violence determines the actions of the institutions and civil organizations in the prevention of domestic violence and the protection of victims. The system for protection of victims of domestic violence closely supports the Law on Social Protection and the Law on Free Legal Aid, both of which include provisions on additional assistance for women victims of domestic violence. However, the existing legislation has multiple deficiencies and does not allow for a greater efficacy in implementing the prescribed measures for the protection of victims of domestic violence. For this reason, as well as due to the inconsistent implementation of legal solutions of this particular issue, the civil sector is constantly expressing their concern about the increasingly wider spread of domestic violence against women and about the protection capabilities at their disposal. The lack of recognition of all forms of gender-based violence, the trivial number of criminal sentences against persons who perform acts of domestic violence, the insufficient support offered to victims – including victim shelters, legal assistance, and counseling, and the lack of systematic databases on domestic violence cases on a national level, are a mere few of the many issues clearly pointing to the inevitable conclusion that the protection of women-victims of domestic violence is inadequate. Hence, the functionality and efficiency of both the existing legislation and the institutions in charge of protection and support of women – victims of domestic violence is being questioned, which is also the subject for analysis in this paper.

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The Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test to measure attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica ◽

10.1186/s41155-020-00165-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez ◽

Andrés Sánchez-Prada ◽

Carmen Delgado-Álvarez ◽

Esperanza Bosch-Fiol

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Implicit Association Test ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Association Test ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Implicit Association ◽

Implicit Measurement ◽

Partner Violence Against Women

Abstract Attitudes play a central role in intimate partner violence against women and are related to its origin, to the responses of women who suffer violence, and to the settings where it occurs. In fact, these attitudes are recognized as one of the risk factors linked to violent perpetration and to public, professional, and victim responses to this type of violence. However, even though available research generally shows a broad rejection of this violence, it remains a serious social and health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. This suggests that the information available about these attitudes (obtained through explicit and direct measures, i.e., self-reports) may be distorted or influenced by factors such as social desirability. In this context, the overall objective of our research project is to provide multi-method measures (explicit and implicit) of attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women, and the main goal of this paper is to propose an instrument for the implicit measurement of these attitudes. In this regard, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most common procedure used, providing a superior predictive validity compared to explicit measures for socially sensitive topics. We will present an exploratory study that describes its adaptation for our purposes, and the development of the Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test (GV-IAT) to use among Spanish-speaking populations, and discuss the strengths and limitations of this proposal.

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Violence against women in heterosexual couples: A review of psychological and medico-legal considerations

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/0025802420936081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 113-124

Author(s):

Valeria Tullio ◽

Antonietta Lanzarone ◽

Edoardo Scalici ◽

Marco Vella ◽

Antonina Argo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Attachment Styles ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Heterosexual Couples ◽

Personality Profiles ◽

Effective Prevention

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is the most pervasive violation of women’s rights worldwide, causing devastating lifelong damage. Victims can suffer physical, emotional or mental health problems, and experience detrimental effects in social, psychological and relational health with their families, especially children. Due to the complexity regarding violence against women in heterosexual couples, it is important to make a clear distinction between psychological and physical mistreatment, which also includes psychological violence. This differentiation is important in determining different emotional and psychological aspects of mistreatment in order to understand the reasons why some women stay in such relationships and to explain the personality profiles of victims and perpetrators. In this short narrative review, we have combined perspectives of depth psychology and attachment theory from studies on trauma, traumatic bonds and the perpetrator/victim complex in gender violence. We have also considered the growing literature on IPVAW as it relates to the medico-legal field. Our search strategy included intimate partner violence, attachment styles, risk factors and the victim/perpetrator relationship. Distinguishing the different types of IPVAW is a necessary step in understanding the complexity, causes, correlations and consequences of this issue. Above all, it enables the implementation of effective prevention and intervention strategies.

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A therapeutic “innovation”…

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73377-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1673-1673

Author(s):

A. Matos-Pires ◽

F. Salazar-Garcia ◽

E. Monteiro ◽

D. Estevens

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Multiple Injuries ◽

Frontal Lesion

Domestic violence, particularly violence against women, is a scourge that has killed this year in Portugal more than twenty women.Our aim is to present a case study on the issue of gender violence on a 49 years old woman with a prior diagnosis of bipolar disorder and its (terrible) consequences.The multiple injuries sustained over several years “treated” the bipolar disorder. Apart from a frontal lesion on CT there is now a set of neurological and psychiatric symptoms compatible with a diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) “boxer's dementia” like.

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Still a long way to go : implementation of the law on elimination of violence against women in Afghanistan / United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA).

10.29171/azu_acku_pamphlet_hq1236_5_a3_s755_2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

The Law

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Introduction

Solidarity and Defiant Spirituality ◽

10.18574/nyu/9781479849031.003.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-32

Author(s):

Traci C. West

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

American History ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Narrative Approach ◽

History Of ◽

Interdisciplinary Framework ◽

Theoretical Foundations ◽

The U.S

This chapter presents the interdisciplinary framework of the book and its core argument linking issues of racism and religion--particularly heteropatriarchal Christianity--in the cultural support for gender violence. It argues that the conjoined presence of religion, anti-black racism, and sexual violence against women in American history of slavery and colonialism compels a similarly transnational exploration of inspiration from Africana activists and scholars to address U.S. gender violence. A methodological overview describes the book’s theoretical foundations in feminist and womanist studies, and how tools of ethnography, anthropology, and Christian theo-ethics inform the its unconventional narrative approach. The U.S.-based analysis features snapshots of the author’s encounters with leaders and their contexts, not a broad survey or comparison of gender violence in Ghana, South Africa, and Brazil.

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Developing a National Plan of Action on Violence against Women and Gender Violence

The Politicization of Safety ◽

10.18574/nyu/9781479805648.003.0015 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 362-378

Author(s):

Caroline Bettinger-López

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Action Plan ◽

Sex Discrimination ◽

Gender Violence ◽

National Plan ◽

National Action Plan ◽

Violence Against Women Act ◽

State And Local ◽

And Gender

International human rights treaties and monitoring bodies have repeatedly called upon governments to develop national plans of action to eliminate violence against women. Although the U.S. is a global leader in the violence against women arena, it has never developed a national plan of action. The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), despite its substantial contributions, does not contain some of the core features of a national action plan—such as a strategic vision for ending violence against women, or a declaration that violence against women is a human rights violation and a form of sex discrimination, or a set of goals or benchmarks to measure progress. This chapter examines the key elements of national action plans on violence against women, and ultimately argues that in the Trump era, a national action plan can best be developed through coordinated action at the state and local levels.

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Changing Contours of Fiscal Policy and Budgets to Address Violence against Women

Conflict in the Shared Household ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199489954.003.0011 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 361-393

Author(s):

Kanika Kaul

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Fiscal Policy ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

The State ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Policy Discourse ◽

State Governments ◽

Response Mechanism ◽

Planning Commission ◽

State Budgets

Recent years have witnessed important changes in planning and budgetary processes in the country. The constitution of NITI Aayog in place of the Planning Commission, restructuring of the Union Budget following the Union Government’s acceptance of the 14th Finance Commission recommendations and measures undertaken for rationalisation of Centrally Sponsored Schemes have marked gender implications. They also have a bearing on public financing of government programmes in a range of sectors, including those meant to address violence against women. The analysis of schemes to address violence against women by state governments in Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand presented in the chapter, reflects low priority towards the issue in the state budgets, indicating that the importance accorded to gender violence in policy discourse is yet to translate into budgetary priorities. The author concludes that budgetary dimensions of the state’s response to the issue require attention if we are to ensure a comprehensive response mechanism for women facing domestic violence.

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Filmic witness to the 1964 Kitty Genovese murder

Urban History ◽

10.1017/s0963926815000875 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 642-642

Author(s):

CARRIE RENTSCHLER

Keyword(s):

Violence Against Women ◽

Social Relations ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Male Violence ◽

Moving Image ◽

High Rise ◽

The Past ◽

City Street ◽

The Social ◽

The City

ABSTRACTThis essay examines a body of films that represent and re-enact the infamous 1964 Catherine Genovese rape and murder, helping to define the crime as a problem of bystander non-intervention exacerbated by urban living conditions and the ‘high rise anxieties’ of apartment dwellers. The moving image culture around the Genovese case tells a story about male violence against women in the city through the perspective of urban apartment dwellers, who are portrayed as bystander witnesses to both the city and to the social relations of stranger sociability in the city. Films depict the killing of Kitty Genovese, sometimes through fictional analogues to her and the crime, as an outcome of failed witnessing, explicating those failures around changing ideas about urban social relations between strangers, and ways of surveilling the city street from apartment windows. By portraying urban bystanders as primarily non-interventionist spectators of the Genovese rape and murder, films locate the conditions of femicide and responsibility for it in detached modes of seeing and encountering strangers. By analysing film as forms of historic documentation and imagination, as artifacts of historically and contextually different ways of telling and revising the story of the Genovese murder as one of bystander non-intervention in gender violence in the city, the essay conceptualizes film and filmic re-enactments as a mode of paying witness to the past.

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