scholarly journals Coffee Consumption and Mortality Among US Adults: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 579-579
Author(s):  
Bingjie Zhou ◽  
Shilpa Bhupathiraju ◽  
Mengyuan Ruan ◽  
Kenneth Chui ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
P Value ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Caffeinated Coffee

Abstract Objectives Coffee is a commonly consumed beverage in the United States (US). It remains controversial whether coffee consumption is associated with health benefits or harms, especially when cream and/or sugars are added. Methods We assessed coffee consumption in association with mortality outcomes among 36,758 US adults ages 20+ years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2014. Consumption of total, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee, with and without additives, was assessed using dietary data collected from 24-hour diet recalls (24HR) and compared to coffee consumption assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Mortalities from all causes, heart disease, and cancer were obtained from linkage to the National Death Index through December 31, 2015. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after multivariable adjustments. Results The mean (SE) of the total, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee consumption among US adults was 1.36 (0.02), 1.19 (0.02), and 0.17 (0.004) cups/day, respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficient on coffee consumption for a subset of participants with both 24HR and FFQ is 0.78 (P-value < 0.0001). During a median follow-up of 7.4 years, a total of 4662 deaths occurred due to all causes, including 794 deaths due to heart disease and 1019 deaths due to cancer. Compared to individuals who were not usual coffee drinkers (<1 cup/d), those who drank coffee for 1 cup/day or more had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI]: 0.84 [0.76, 0.94] for ≥1 to <2 cups/d; 0.82 [0.72, 0.92] for ≥2 to <3 cups/d; and 0.80 [0.68, 0.93] for ≥3 cups/d; P-trend = 0.001]. Adding milk/cream, alone or with sugar/sweetener, did not significantly change the results. Similar patterns were observed for caffeinated coffee consumption and all-cause mortality, but no significant associations were found for decaffeinated coffee. Coffee consumption was not significantly associated with cancer or heart disease mortality except that moderate caffeinated coffee consumption (≥1 to <2 cups/d) was significantly associated with a lower risk of heart disease mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.72 (0.52, 0.98)]. Conclusions Usual coffee consumption was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among US adults. Funding Sources NIH/NIMHD.

scholarly journals Association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death in a Japanese population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244007
Author(s):  
Eiko Saito ◽  
Xiaohe Tang ◽  
Sarah Krull Abe ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Junko Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Total Meat

Purpose We examined the association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death using a population-based cohort study in Japan. Methods 87,507 Japanese aged between 45 and 74 years old at 5-year follow-up study were followed for 14.0 years on average. Associations between meat intake and mortality risk were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results A heavy intake of total meat was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality relative to the lowest quartile intake in men (Q4: HR,1.18; 95%CIs, 1.06–1.31). A higher intake of total meat was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women (Q2: HR, 0.70; 95%CIs, 0.51–0.94, Q3: HR, 0.68; 95%CIs, 0.50–0.95, Q4: HR, 0.66; 95%CIs, 0.44–0.99). A heavy intake of red meat was also associated with all-cause mortality (Q4: HR, 1.13; 95%CIs, 1.02–1.26) and heart disease mortality (Q4: HR, 1.51; 95%CIs, 1.11–2.06) in men but not in women. Heavy intake of chicken was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men. Conclusions Heavy intakes of total and red meat were associated with an increase in all-cause and heart disease mortality in men, while total meat intake was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women.

scholarly journals Habitual coffee consumption and risk of falls in 2 European cohorts of older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 1431-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos D Machado-Fragua ◽  
Ellen A Struijk ◽  
Juan-Manuel Ballesteros ◽  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Caffeinated Coffee ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACT Background Habitual coffee consumption has been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and sarcopenia, which are strong risk factors of falls. In addition, caffeine intake stimulates attention and vigilance, and reduces reaction time. Therefore, a protective effect of coffee on the risk of falling can be hypothesized. Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the association between habitual coffee consumption and the risk of ≥1 falls, injurious falls, and falls with fracture in older people. Methods Data were taken from 2964 participants aged ≥60 y from the Seniors-ENRICA (Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain) cohort and 8999 participants aged ≥60 y from the UK Biobank cohort. In the Seniors-ENRICA study, habitual coffee consumption was assessed with a validated diet history in 2008–2010, and falls were ascertained up to 2015. In the UK Biobank study, coffee was measured with 3–5 multiple-pass 24-h food records starting in 2006, and falls were assessed up to 2016. Results A total of 793 individuals in Seniors-ENRICA and 199 in UK Biobank experienced ≥1 fall during follow-up. After multivariable adjustment for major lifestyle and dietary risk factors and compared with daily consumption of <1 cup of coffee, the pooled HR for ≥1 fall was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.52, 1.07) for total coffee consumption of 1 cup/d and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.90) for ≥2 cups/d (P-trend = 0.001). The corresponding figures for caffeinated coffee were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.42, 1.07) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.87) (P-trend < 0.001). Decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk of falling in the analyzed cohorts. In Seniors-ENRICA, there was a tendency to lower risk of injurious falls among those consuming caffeinated coffee (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.68, 1.00 for 1 cup/d; HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.09 for ≥2 cups/d; P-trend = 0.09). No association was observed between caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of falls with fracture. Conclusions Habitual coffee consumption was associated with lower risk of falling in older adults in Spain and the United Kingdom.

scholarly journals Association of Major Dietary Protein Sources With All‐Cause and Cause‐Specific Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Linda G. Snetselaar ◽  
Robert B. Wallace ◽  
Aladdin H. Shadyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Processed Red Meat

Background Dietary recommendations regarding protein intake have been focused on the amount of protein. However, such recommendations without considering specific protein sources may be simplistic and insufficient. Methods and Results We included 102 521 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative between 1993 and 1998, and followed them through February 2017. During 1 876 205 person‐years of follow‐up, 25 976 deaths occurred. Comparing the highest with the lowest quintile, plant protein intake was inversely associated with all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91 [0.86, 0.96]), cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 0.88 [0.79, 0.97]), and dementia mortality (HR, 0.79 [0.67, 0.94]). Among major protein sources, comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of consumption, processed red meat (HR, 1.06 [1.01, 1.10]) or eggs (HR, 1.14 [1.10, 1.19]) was associated with higher risk of all‐cause mortality. Unprocessed red meat (HR, 1.12 [1.02, 1.23]), eggs (HR, 1.24 [1.14, 1.34]), or dairy products (HR, 1.11 [1.02, 1.22]) was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. Egg consumption was associated with higher risk of cancer mortality (HR, 1.10 [1.02, 1.19]). Processed red meat consumption was associated with higher risk of dementia mortality (HR, 1.20 [1.05, 1.32]), while consumption of poultry (HR, 0.85 [0.75, 0.97]) or eggs (HR, 0.86 [0.75, 0.98]) was associated with lower risk of dementia mortality. In substitution analysis, substituting of animal protein with plant protein was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and dementia mortality, and substitution of total red meat, eggs, or dairy products with nuts was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality. Conclusions Different dietary protein sources have varying associations with all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and dementia mortality. Our findings support the need for consideration of protein sources in future dietary guidelines.

scholarly journals Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Declines in the United States From 1979 Through 2011CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobina A. Wilmot ◽  
Martin O’Flaherty ◽  
Simon Capewell ◽  
Earl S. Ford ◽  
Viola Vaccarino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Mortality

scholarly journals Newborn Screening Pulse Oximetry to Detect Critical Congenital Heart Disease: A Follow-Up Survey of Current Practice at Army, Navy and Air Force Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 826-831
Author(s):  
David L Robinson ◽  
Mark S Craig ◽  
Ronald S Wells ◽  
Kirk N Liesemer ◽  
Matthew A Studer
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
The United States ◽  
P Value ◽  
Critical Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the evolution of newborn pulse oximetry screening (+POx) among Army, Air Force, and Naval military hospitals (MH), including prevalence, protocol use, quality assurance processes, access to echocardiography, and use of telemedicine. This is a follow-up from a prior study published in 2011. Materials and Methods An Internet-based questionnaire was forwarded to the chief pediatrician at MH worldwide which support newborn deliveries. Descriptive data were reported using percentages. Grouped responses, as applicable, were further compared using the chi-square test. A p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Seventy-eight percent (36/46) of MH supporting deliveries worldwide responded to the survey (17 Army hospitals, 11 Navy Hospitals, 8 Air Force hospitals). All responding hospitals utilize +POx, of which 94% endorsed protocol compliance with the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. Nine (25%) hospitals were located outside of the United States. Delivery volumes (infants per month) range between 1–49 (36%), 50–99 (28%), 100–199 (19%), and 200–300 (17%). Eleven hospitals reported regular review of +POx data, with most reviewing them monthly. Four MH share findings with state institutions. Ten hospitals either have a staff pediatric cardiologist or use tele-echocardiography for on-site evaluations. Ten hospitals are located greater than 60 miles from the nearest center with echocardiography capabilities. Of the five hospitals using tele-echocardiography, four confirmed critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) using this practice, and all five reported averting transfer of an infant using this technology. Of the 22 hospitals lacking the ability to obtain on-site echocardiography, 12 (55%) are interested in implementing a tele-echocardiography protocol. Conclusions All responding MH use +POx, representing significant increase from the 30% of MH reporting use of +POx seven years ago. The majority of MH follow AAP +POx guidelines, and though most have providers review results prior to discharge, only one-third report periodic chart review for quality assurance. Most MH transfer infants with positive +POx results for evaluation due to a lack of on-site echocardiography. Tele-echocardiography was reported as a potential solution to diagnose or rule out CCHD. Over half of remaining hospitals without cardiologists are interested in using this technology to evaluate stable infants with positive CCHD screening.

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