scholarly journals Weight Loss Efficacy of 4-Hour Versus 6-Hour Time Restricted Feeding in Adults with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 584-584
Author(s):  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Vasiliki Pavlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Objectives This study was undertaken to compare the effects of 4-h TRF to that of 6-h TRF on body weight, body composition, and metabolic disease risk factors in adults with obesity. We hypothesized that 4-h TRF would produce the greatest decreases in body weight, fat mass, blood pressure, and insulin resistance, compared to 6-h TRF. Methods Adults with obesity (n = 49) were randomized to 1 of 3 interventions for 8 weeks: 4-h TRF (ad libitum eating between 3:00 to 7:00 pm, water fasting between 7:00 to 3:00 pm); 6-h TRF (ad libitum eating between 1:00 to 7:00 pm, water fasting between 7:00 to 1:00 pm); or control (ad libitum food intake with no timing restrictions). Results Body weight decreased similarly in the 4-h TRF group (–3.3 ± 0.5%) and 6-h TRF group (–2.6 ± 0.5%) relative to controls over 8 weeks (P < 0.001). Fat mass, blood pressure and insulin sensitivity also decreased in the 4-h TRF and 6-h TRF groups versus controls. LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and HbA1c were not significantly different from controls after 8 weeks. Conclusions This is the first trial to examine the effects of 4-h vs. 6-h TRF on body weight and metabolic disease risk factors. We show here that 8 weeks of 4-h and 6-h TRF decreases body weight by ∼3–4% relative to controls. We also demonstrate that this fasting regimen produces significant reductions in blood pressure, fat mass, insulin and insulin resistance. These preliminary data offer promise for the use of 4-h and 6-h TRF as a weight loss techniques in adults with obesity, but larger, longer-term trials are needed to confirm these findings. Funding Sources Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago

scholarly journals Effects of 8-hour time restricted feeding on body weight and metabolic disease risk factors in obese adults: A pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Kristin K. Hoddy ◽  
Nicole Haggerty ◽  
Jeehee Song ◽  
Cynthia M. Kroeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Influence of methyltestosterone postmenopausal therapy on plasma lipids, inflammatory factors, glucose metabolism and visceral fat: a randomized study

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenora M Camarate S M Leão ◽  
Mônica Peres C Duarte ◽  
Dalva Margareth B Silva ◽  
Paulo Roberto V Bahia ◽  
Cláudia Medina Coeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: There has been a growing interest in treating postmenopausal women with androgens. However, hyperandrogenemia in females has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective: We aimed to assess the effects of androgen replacement on cardiovascular risk factors. Design: Thirty-seven postmenopausal women aged 42–62 years that had undergone hysterectomy were prospectively enrolled in a double-blind protocol to receive, for 12 months, percutaneous estradiol (E2) (1 mg/day) combined with either methyltestosterone (MT) (1.25 mg/day) or placebo. Methods: Along with treatment, we evaluated serum E2, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, lipids, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein; glucose tolerance; insulin resistance; blood pressure; body-mass index; and visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat mass as assessed by computed tomography. Results: A significant reduction in SHBG (P < 0.001) and increase in free testosterone index (P < 0.05; Repeated measures analysis of variance) were seen in the MT group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lowered to a similar extent by both regimens, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased only in the androgen group. MT-treated women showed a modest rise in body weight and gained visceral fat mass relative to the other group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant detrimental effects on fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance. Conclusion: This study suggests that the combination of low-dose oral MT and percutaneous E2, for 1 year, does not result in expressive increase of cardiovascular risk factors. This regimen can be recommended for symptomatic postmenopausal women, although it seems prudent to perform baseline and follow-up lipid profile and assessment of body composition, especially in those at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Omentin-1 Changes following Biliopancreatic Diversion and Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antonio de Luis ◽  
Susana García Calvo ◽  
Juan Jose Lopez Gomez ◽  
Olatz Izaola ◽  
David Primo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Biliopancreatic Diversion ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Biliopancreatic Diversion Surgery

Introduction: Omentin-1 might play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and obesity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of weight loss after biliopancreatic diversion on serum omentin-1 concentrations. Material and Methods A Caucasian population of 24 morbid obese patients was analyzed before and after 12 months of a biliopancreatic diversion surgery. Biochemical and anthropometric evaluation were realized at basal visit and at 12 months. Body weight, fat mass, waist circumferences, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid concentrations and omentin-1 were measured. Results: After bariatric surgery and in both gender groups (males vs. females); BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose , total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HOMA-IR and fasting insulin decreased in a statistical manner from basal values. Omentin-1 levels increased after bariatric surgery and in both gender the improvement was similar (males vs. females); (delta: –87.1 ± 19.0 ng/dL; p = 0.02 vs. –93.8 ± 28.1 ng/dL; p = 0.03). In the multiple regression analysis adjusted by age and sex; BMI kg/m2 (Beta –0.32: 95% CI –3.98 to –0.12) and insulin UI/L (Beta –0.41: 95% CI –8.38 to –0.16) remained in the model with basal omentin-1 levels as dependent variable. The regression model with post-surgery omentin-1 levels as dependent variable showed as independent variables BMI kg/m2 (Beta –0.13: 95% CI –7.69 to –0.09) and insulin UI/L (Beta –0.24: 95% CI –5.69 to –0.08), too. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in omentin-1 levels after weight loss secondary biliopancreatic diversion surgery. A weak negative correlation with BMI and basal insulin levels was detected.

scholarly journals Effects of Ad Libitum Low Carbohydrate Versus Low Fat Diets on Body Weight and Fat Mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 658-658
Author(s):  
Alex Schick ◽  
James Boring ◽  
Amber Courville ◽  
Isabelle Gallagher ◽  
Juen Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Loss ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Objectives To describe the effects of ad libitum low-fat (LF) and low-carbohydrate (LC) diets on body weight and fat mass. Methods Sixteen adults without diabetes spent 29 continuous days residing at the Metabolic Clinical Research Unit of the NIH Clinical Center where they were fed ad libitum either an animal-based, LC diet (75% fat, 10% carbohydrates, 15% protein) or a plant-based, LF diet (75% carbohydrates, 10% fat, 15% protein). Participants were randomly assigned to one diet for the first phase of the study (14 days), after which they were switched to the other diet for the remainder of the study. Participants were given three meals daily and were provided with additional snacks amounting to 200% of their daily energy requirements as determined by their resting energy expenditure multiplied by 1.6. Subjects were told that this was not a weight loss study and were not informed about the primary study aim. They were instructed to eat as much or as little as they desired. Total body weight and fat mass were measured using a calibrated scale and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Subjects were blinded to their data and wore loose-fitting scrubs to avoid any feedback regarding changes in the fit of their clothing. Results Subjects included 7 women and 9 men, with an age of (mean ± SE) 29 ± 1.7 years and BMI of 27.5 ± 1.5 at baseline. Participants lost weight on both diets, with the LC diet resulting in 1.34 ± 0.31 kg of weight loss (P = 0.0006) and the LF diet resulting in 1.09 ± 0.31 kg of weight loss (P = 0.003) which was not significantly different from the LC diet (P = 0.58). However, participants lost 0.6 ± 0.17 kg of body fat on the LF diet (P = 0.002) but the LC diet did not result in significant body fat loss (0.04 ± 0.17 kg; P = 0.8) and the difference in body fat loss between the diets was statistically significant (P = 0.03). Conclusions While participants lost similar amounts of weight on both diets, only the LF diet led to significant body fat loss. Early weight loss with a LC diet does not necessarily reflect a similar state of negative energy balance as compared with a LF diet. Funding Sources Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

scholarly journals Cardio-metabolic disease risk factors among South Asian labour migrants to the Middle East: a scoping review and policy analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj Mishra ◽  
Saruna Ghimire ◽  
Chandni Joshi ◽  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
Archana Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Alternate Day Fasting Combined with a High Protein/low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Body Weight and Metabolic Disease Risk Factors in Obese Adults (P21-018-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Eric Wiseman ◽  
Krista Varady
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting

Abstract Objectives This pilot study is the first to examine the impact of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with a high protein/low carbohydrate diet on body weight and metabolic disease risk factors in obese adults. Methods Obese adults (n = 10) followed an ADF diet (600 kcal fast day alternated with an ad libitum feast day; 35% protein, 22% carbohydrate, 43% fat) for 6 months. Meal replacements were consumed on the fast and feast days, in addition to regular foods, to help attain macronutrient targets. Results Body weight decreased (P < 0.001) by 8.4 ± 1.7 kg (8.6 ± 1.7%) after 6 months. Fat mass and visceral fat mass were reduced (P < 0.05) by 6.4 ± 1.6 kg and 0.2 ± 0.1 kg, respectively. Lean mass decreased (P < 0.05) by 1.3 ± 0.6 kg. Systolic blood pressure was reduced (P < 0.05) by 10 ± 3 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure was reduced (P < 0.05) by 6 ± 3 mm Hg. Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and HbA1c remained unchanged after 6 months of diet. LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased (P < 0.001) by10 ± 4% and 15 ± 8%, respectively, after 6 months. HDL cholesterol levels decreased by 6 ± 3% from baseline to post-treatment. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that ADF combined with a high protein/low carbohydrate diet is effective for lowering body weight, visceral fat mass, blood pressure, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, this diet has no effect on glucoregulatory factors. While these preliminary findings are promising, they still require confirmation by a larger-scale clinical trial. Funding Sources Nestle Health Sciences Grant.

scholarly journals Effects of Fresh Mango Consumption on Blood Glucose, Insulin, and Other Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
Martin Jr Rosas ◽  
Sherry Pinneo ◽  
Celeste O'Mealy ◽  
Changqi Liu ◽  
Mark Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Obese Adults

Abstract Objectives Mangos contain many beneficial dietary compounds including vitamins, minerals, fiber, and are a unique source of certain polyphenols such as mangiferin. Accumulating evidence from in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that mangos may have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties. However, the effects of fresh mango consumption in humans are less clear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of fresh mango consumption compared to an isocaloric snack (low-fat cookies) on body weight, body fat, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, liver function enzymes, inflammation, and antioxidant activity in overweight and obese adults. Methods In a randomized crossover design, 27 overweight and obese adults (11 females, 16 males, age 26 ± 8.1 years) consumed 100 Kcal of fresh mangos (166g) or isocaloric low-fat cookies (24g) daily for 12 weeks. Following an overnight fast, a venous blood draw was taken at baseline, week 4, and week 12. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, liver function enzymes, C-reactive protein (CRP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). At each visit, body weight, body fat percentage, and blood pressure were measured. Results Twelve weeks of daily mango consumption significantly decreased blood glucose, CRP, and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity while TAC significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05). There were no significant changes in body weight, body fat percentage, blood pressure, insulin, lipid profile, or other liver function enzymes following mango consumption. Cookie consumption significantly increased insulin, CRP, and triglycerides (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Mango consumption improved certain chronic disease risk factors including reductions in fasting glucose and inflammation while lipid profiles and anthropometric measurements were not affected. These results suggest that relative to the control snack, daily mango consumption may improve certain risk factors associated with overweight and obesity and should be considered for future research as they contain unique bioactive compounds. Funding Sources This study was funded by the National Mango Board.

scholarly journals Metabolic Disease Risk Alters Circulating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell microRNAs in Response to A High Glycemic Meal

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Farha Ramzan ◽  
Randall F. D’Souza ◽  
Brenan R. Durainayagam ◽  
Amber M. Milan ◽  
James F. Markworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk

Background: High glycemic diets have been shown to exacerbate the risk of cardio-metabolicdisease in individuals with pre-existing disease risk, including obesity and insulin resistance,common to the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). [...]

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