scholarly journals Assessing the Moderating Effect of Parental Feeding Styles on the Association Between Satiety Responsiveness and Child BMI Z-Scores in Chilean Preschoolers Aged 3–5 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1666-1666
Author(s):  
Adeyosola Oke ◽  
Marcela Vizcarra Catalan ◽  
Maria Stecher ◽  
Carolina Navarro ◽  
Andiara Schwingel
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
Satiety Responsiveness ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the moderating effect of feeding styles on the association between satiety responsiveness and child BMI z-scores in children aged 3-to-5 in Santiago, Chile. Methods Participants were recruited from childcare centers serving low- and middle-income families in 2017 and 2018. During a face-to-face individual interview, the Caregiver Feedings styles Questionnaire and food responsiveness subscale of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire were applied to parents. Weight and height were obtained for children and caregivers. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test the moderating effect of feeding styles on the relationship between satiety responsiveness and child BMI z-scores. Results 92.5% of caregivers were mothers, the parent BMI was 29.2 (SD = 5.7). No feeding style moderated the association between satiety responsiveness and BMI z-score Satiety responsiveness had a significant main effect on child BMI z score. None of the feeding styles was significantly associated with child BMI z-score. Only satiety responsiveness was significantly associated with child BMI z score (B = –.32, P < 0.05) after controlling for parent BMI (B = .047, P < .05). This model accounted for 12% of the variance of the child BMI z-score. 1.1% of the children were underweight, 22.4% normal, 37.9% overweight and 38.5% obese Conclusions Parent perceptions of higher satiety responsiveness suggests an association with lower child BMI z-scores. This study suggests that how children respond to food may play an important role in explaining child weight status. than the parent's or caregiver style of feeding in determining a child's weight status. Further research is required to discard interaction effects between appetite traits and feeding styles to explain child weight status. Funding Sources National Comission of scientific Research and Technology (CONICYT) and its Becas Chile program 2016 (#72,110,561) Center of Latin American Studies (CLACS) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

scholarly journals Feeding Styles, Feeding Practices and Child Weight Status Between 2-to-12 Years Old Children in Latin America: A Systematic Review (P11-121-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Vizcarra ◽  
Po-Chia Tseng ◽  
Ruopeng An
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Child Bmi

Abstract Objectives The prevalence of obesity in children of Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC) has increased, becoming a public health priority while undernutrition is decreasing. Associations between caregiver's feeding practices (FP) and feeding styles (FS) with child BMI and/or overweight/obesity (OW/OB) have been reported in developed countries, but little is known in LAC. This review synthesizes the existing evidence on the associations between caregiver's FP and FS with weight status of 2-to-12-year-old children in LAC. Methods The study eligibility criteria included 2-to-12-year-old children and their parents/caregivers; LAC/nationality; Child weight status (CWS) as main outcome; peer-reviewed publications; and articles in English or Spanish. Keywords and MESH terms involving FS and FP, childhood stage, and CWS were used to search in PubMed. The key words were adjusted to search until March 2018 in the Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Titles and abstracts of the articles were screened against the selection criteria. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts and conducted the retrieval. A full-text-evaluation was conducted on potentially relevant papers. Results Among 1237 articles identified, 25 were full-text revised and 6 were finally selected. Among the 6 articles, 5 were cross-sectional and 1 was case-control. The studies were conducted in Chile, Mexico and Brazil and involved self-report measures of FP and FS. 5 studies reported a positive association between restrictive parental feeding and higher child BMI z-score or higher likelihood of being OW/OB. While 1 study found pressure to eat negatively associated with child BMI z-score, 1 study found uninvolved and indulgent FS associated with higher child BMI. Conclusions Restrictive feeding, and indulgent and uninvolved FS have been linked to heavier weight or higher risk of being OW/OB in children of LAC. The research of the associations between FP and FS with CWS is scarce and limited to three countries. In addition, most studies are cross-sectional, which does not permit to establish the direction of the effect. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed to improve understanding of causal relations and stability of FP and FS; finally, studies involving observations to compare with self-report measures of FP and PS are also needed. Funding Sources CONICYT Becas Chile Grant number 72170608.

scholarly journals Maternal Feeding Styles and Food Parenting Practices as Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Weight Status in Hispanic Preschoolers from Low-Income Families

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl O. Hughes ◽  
Thomas G. Power ◽  
Teresia M. O’Connor ◽  
Jennifer Orlet Fisher ◽  
Tzu-An Chen
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Objective. The aim was to investigate the influence of feeding styles and food parenting practices on low-income children’s weight status over time.Method. Participants were 129 Latina parents and their Head Start children participating in a longitudinal study. Children were assessed at baseline (4 to 5 years old) and again eighteen months later. At each time point, parents completed questionnaires and height and weight measures were taken on the child.Results. The indulgent feeding style (parent-report at baseline) was associated with increased child BMIz-score eighteen months later compared to other feeding styles. Authoritative, authoritarian, and uninvolved feeding styles were not significantly associated with increased child BMIz-score. Child BMIz-score at Time 1 (strongest) and maternal acculturation were positive predictors of child BMIz-score at Time 2. Maternal use of restriction positively predicted and maternal monitoring negatively predicted Time 2 BMIz-score, but only when accounting for feeding styles.Conclusion. This is the first study to investigate the impact of feeding styles on child weight status over time. Results suggest that indulgent feeding predicts later increases in children’s weight status. The interplay between feeding styles and food parenting practices in influencing child weight status needs to be further explored.

scholarly journals Maternal feeding style and child weight status among Hispanic families with low-income levels: a longitudinal study of the direction of effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl O. Hughes ◽  
Thomas G. Power ◽  
Teresia M. O’Connor ◽  
Jennifer O. Fisher ◽  
Nilda E. Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Feeding Style ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Parental Feeding ◽  
Direction Of Effects ◽  
Child Eating ◽  
Child Eating Behaviors ◽  
Child Bmi

Abstract Background The home environment is a central and modifiable influence on the development of childhood obesity. Evidence supports the central role of parents in shaping problematic child eating behaviors and excess weight. Most studies of feeding emphasize parent-driven influences without taking into account the child’s role in eating interactions. Few studies have addressed the bi-directional nature of feeding dynamics in studies of young children. Methods The goals of this study were: 1) to examine if parental feeding styles during preschool (4–5 years) predict child weight status at 7–9 years, and 2) to examine the direction of effects between parental feeding styles and child weight status over time. Participants were part of a larger longitudinal study of Hispanic Head Start families living in the West South Central United States. Data from mother/child dyads were collected at three time points: Time 1 (ages 4–5), Time 2 (ages 5 ½-6 ½), and at Time 3 (ages 7–9). Only data from the Times 1 and 3 were used in the current analyses. A total of 128 mothers and their children had data on all variables needed for the analyses. Assessments included parent-reported feeding styles, feeding practices, acculturation, child eating behaviors, and child height and weight. Hierarchical regression was used to examine the first aim; a cross-lagged panel analysis examined the second aim. Results An indulgent parental feeding style at ages 4–5 was associated with increased child BMI z-score at ages 7–9. Indulgent feeding significantly contributed to child BMI z-score beyond demographics, baseline child BMI z-score, parental acculturation, and child eating behaviors. Regarding the direction of effects in parental feeding interactions, the cross-lagged analyses showed that both indulgent feeding style and authoritative feeding style at Time 1 positively predicted child BMI z-scores at Time 3. Child effects were significant as well. Child BMI z-score at Time 1 positively predicted indulgent feeding and negatively predicted authoritarian feeding at Time 3. Conclusions Indulgent feeding should be addressed in future family-focused childhood obesity initiatives focused on young children and their parents.

scholarly journals Do childhood excess weight and family food insecurity share common risk factors in the local environment? An examination using a Quebec birth cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Ann Carter
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Child Bmi

Childhood excess weight and family food insecurity are food-system related public health problems that exist in Canada. Since both relate to issues of food accessibility, availability and utilization, which have elements of “place”, they may share common risk factors in the local environment that are amenable to intervention. In this area of research, the literature derives mostly from an American context, and there is a dearth of high-quality evidence, specifically from longitudinal studies. The main objectives of this thesis were to examine the adjusted associations between the place factors: material deprivation, social deprivation, social cohesion, disorder, and living location, with change in child body mass index (BMI) Z score and with change in family food insecurity status in a Canadian cohort of children. The Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development was used to meet the main objectives of this thesis. Response data from 6 collection cycles (4–10 years of age) were used in 3 main analyses. The first analysis examined change in child BMI Z score as a function of the place factors using mixed models regression. The second analysis examined change in child BMI Z score as a function of place factors using group-based trajectory modeling. The third and final analysis examined change in family food insecurity status as a function of the place factors using generalized estimating equations. Social deprivation, social cohesion and disorder were strongly and positively associated with family food insecurity, increasing the odds by 45%–76%. These place factors, on the other hand, were not consistently associated with child weight status. Material deprivation was not important for either outcome, except for a slight positive association in the mixed models analysis of child weight status. Living location was not important in explaining family food insecurity. On the other hand, it was associated with child weight status in both analyses, but the nature of the relationship is still unclear. Results do not suggest that addressing similar place factors may alleviate both child excess weight and family food insecurity. More high-quality longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to clarify relationships between the local environment and child weight status and family food insecurity.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Feeding Styles and BMI Z-score in Infants (P11-014-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrik Khalsa ◽  
Kristen Copeland ◽  
Roohi Kharofa ◽  
Sheela Geraghty ◽  
Thomas DeWitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Feeding Style ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between infant feeding styles (the attitudes and behaviors parents use to direct their child's eating) and infant BMI z-score in a low-income, predominately non-Hispanic Black population. Methods Parent-infant dyads were recruited during the infant's 6, 9, or 12 month well-child visits from two urban primary care clinics that primarily serve a Medicaid population (89%). Feeding styles were measured using the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire (IFSQ) and categorized into: pressuring, restrictive, responsive, or laissez-faire. Predominant feeding style was defined by selecting the style with the greatest deviation from the mean score of each style. Infant anthropometrics were extracted from the electronic medical record from birth through 18 months. Infant BMI z-scores were calculated based on WHO growth charts. Associations between feeding styles and BMI z-scores were examined using mixed models controlling for multiple measures per person, demographics and feeding covariates. Results Data from 198 dyads were analyzed for this study (Table 1). Parents identified as mothers (n = 196), non-Hispanic Black (n = 136), with a median age of 27 years (IQR 23.0 – 30.0). Half the infants were male (n = 99) with a median age at enrollment of 8.98 months [IQR 6.8-10.3]. Parent's predominant feeding style were (in descending order): Laissez-faire: 30%; Restrictive: 28%; Responsive: 23%; and Pressuring: 19%. Predominant feeding style at enrollment was not associated with BMI z-score between 0–18 months, but there was a significant sex differences in BMI z-score for the Laissez-faire and Restrictive feeding styles (Figure 1). Additionally, parents with higher education and a predominately Restrictive feeding style had children with higher BMI z-scores whereas parents with higher education and a Laissez-faire or Pressuring feeding style had children with lower BMI z-score (Figure 2). Conclusions Parent's predominant feeding style during infancy in a low-income population is not associated with infant's BMI in the first two years of life, but some styles demonstrate differences by sex or parental education. Further studies are needed to better understand the modifiable factors for increased BMI in the first 2 years. Funding Sources NIH T32 Institutional grant. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Desaturase Activity Is Associated With Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Markers in Young Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 3760-3769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maike Wolters ◽  
Heike Schlenz ◽  
Claudia Börnhorst ◽  
Patrizia Risé ◽  
Claudio Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Z Scores

Context: Activity of delta-9, delta-6, and delta-5 desaturases (D9D, D6D, D5D) are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Objective: To investigate the association of estimated desaturase activities with weight status, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in children, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Design: The IDEFICS (Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants) cohort study was used, with examinations at baseline (T0) and after 2 years (T1). Setting and Participants: Children aged 2 to less than 10 years from eight European countries were recruited in kindergartens/primary schools. Children with available data on fatty acids, outcome, and covariate information were included in the analyses. Methods: Whole blood fatty acids were analyzed in 2600 children at baseline. D9D (16:1n-7/16:0), D6D (20:3n-6/18:2n-6), and D5D (20:4n-6/20:3n-6) activities were estimated from product-precursor fatty acids ratios. Body mass index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TG) served as outcomes for weight status, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, respectively. Linear and logistic regression and repeated measures models were used to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between desaturase activity and outcomes. Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, D9D and D6D were positively associated with BMI and TG z-scores and inversely with HDL z-scores. D5D was inversely associated with BMI and TG z-scores (ie, a D5D increase of 1 unit is associated with a BMI z-score decrease of 0.07 and a 28% lower odds ratio for TG ≥75th percentile). Longitudinally, similar associations were found for T0 desaturase activities with BMI and for T0 D6D with HDL at follow-up (T1). Baseline D6D and D5D were positively associated with the change of HDL z-score from T0 to T1, and D6D with the change of Homeostatic Model Assessment index z-score. Conclusion: Desaturase activities are associated with metabolic risk markers already in young children and appear to predict the metabolic risk.

scholarly journals Association Between State-Based and Trait-Based Responsiveness to Satiety Cues Differs by Child Risk for Overweight/Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1242-1242
Author(s):  
Nicole Reigh ◽  
Alaina Pearce ◽  
Hugh Garavan ◽  
Charles Geier ◽  
Barbara Rolls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
Satiety Responsiveness

Abstract Objectives The relationship between parentally reported satiety responsiveness (i.e., trait) and laboratory-assessed satiety responsiveness (i.e., state) in children is not known, making it difficult to interpret and generalize lab-based findings. In addition, while many studies have shown weight-related differences in children's eating behaviors, less is known about appetitive traits that are present before obesity develops. Therefore, we examined associations between trait- and state-based satiety responsiveness among children with healthy weight who differed by familial risk for obesity. Methods Data from an ongoing longitudinal study were analyzed for 59 healthy-weight, 7–8 year-old children (BMI-for-age% < 85). Familial risk for obesity was determined by parental weight status as low-risk (N = 34, both parents’ BMIs < 25 kg/m2) or high-risk (N = 25, mothers’ BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; fathers’ BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Parents completed the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire to assess satiety responsiveness (SR), a measure of children's tendency to stop eating once sated (trait). To assess state-based satiety, the Satiety Quotient (SQ) was calculated from an ad-libitum laboratory meal [(Pre-meal hunger – post-meal hunger)/meal intake in grams]. A higher SQ indicates a greater reduction in hunger per gram (i.e., better satiety responsiveness). Results Overall, SR and SQ were not correlated (P = 0.57). However, a linear regression controlling for pre-meal hunger and child BMI percentile revealed a risk status-by-SR interaction (β = 0.804, P = 0.04) such that SR was positively associated with SQ in high-risk children (95% CI [0.003, 0.430]), but there was no relationship between SR and SQ in low-risk children (95% CI [−0.203, 0.085]). No differences in SR, SQ, pre-meal hunger, or post-meal hunger were observed between risk groups. Conclusions Parentally reported (trait-based) satiety was positively associated with laboratory-assessed satiety, but only among healthy weight children at high-familial risk for obesity. Parents of children who are at high-risk for developing obesity may be more observant of children's appetitive traits compared to parents of low-risk children, and this may be helpful in the prevention of obesity. Funding Sources NIH RO1: DK110060.

scholarly journals How complete, representative and accurate is recording of child BMI in electronic general practice records? A record linkage study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Firman ◽  
John Robson ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Kambiz Boomla ◽  
Carol Dezateux
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Poor Agreement ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
Index Of Multiple Deprivation

Background with rationaleGeneral practitioner (GP) electronic health records (EHRs) are a potentially valuable, but unevaluated, source of child BMI measurements to inform clinical practice and research. Main AimTo assess representativeness and accuracy of child GP-BMI records. MethodsWe linked school National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) records from 29,839 five-year-olds (49.1% girls) and 26,660 11-year-olds (49.1% girls) in City & Hackney (2013-17), Newham (2014-17) and Tower Hamlets (2015-17) to GP EHRs using pseudonymised NHS numbers (94.9% and 95.1% linked, respectively) and identified GP-BMI measurements using Read code “22K..”. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of at least one GP-BMI by: sex (reference category: male); ethnic background (White); area-level deprivation (most deprived Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile); weight status (healthy weight; clinical UK1990); and long-term condition (none). We estimated mean BMI difference (NCMP-BMI minus GP-BMI kg/m2) and 95% Limits of Agreement (LoA; Bland and Altman method). ResultsWe identified at least one GP-BMI in 10.5% (2,964/28,330) and 26.0% (6,598/25,365) of 5- and 11-year-olds respectively. Five-year-old children who were underweight (aOR; 95% CI: 1.70; 1.28,2.25) or obese (1.45; 1.28,1.65), from South Asian backgrounds (1.63; 1.45,1.80) and with long-term conditions (9.58; 8.13,11.28) were more likely, and girls (0.88; 0.81,0.95) and those from less deprived areas (Wald statistic; p-value: 40.06; <0.0001) less likely, to have at least one GP-BMI measurement recorded. Findings among 11-year-olds were similar. We identified GP-BMI measurements made within one month of NCMP-BMI in 5.4% (160/2,964) of 5-year-olds and 4.0% (263/6,598) of 11-year-olds. There was poor agreement between NCMP-BMI and GP-BMI: mean difference (95% LoA): +0.55 (-2.49,+3.58) and +0.16 (-2.85,+3.18) in five- and 11-year-olds respectively. ConclusionChild BMI is not comprehensively recorded in UK GP settings. Access to BMI school measurements in GP settings could support discussions about child weight status between children, their families and general practitioners.

scholarly journals Parental Perception of Body Weight Status of Their 8-year-old Children: Findings from the European CHOP Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Xhonneux ◽  
Jean-Paul Langhendries ◽  
Françoise Martin ◽  
Laurence Seidel ◽  
Adelin Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
First Year ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Maternal Perception ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Child’S Weight

Abstract Background Maternal perception of child weight status in children with overweight or obesity has received a lot of attention but data on paternal perception of children from presumably healthy cohorts are lacking. Objective We aimed to investigate paternal and maternal perception of child weight status at the age of 8 years in a cohort of 591 children from 5 European countries. Material and Methods Included were 8-year-old children and their parents participating in the European Childhood Obesity Project (EU CHOP). Weight and height of children and parents were measured and Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated. Both parents were asked to assess their perception of child weight status using Eckstein scales and their concern about child overweight. The agreement between mother and father perceptions was assessed by Cohen kappa coefficient and their relationship was analyzed by linear mixed effects models based on ordinal logistic regression, accounting for country, child gender and BMI, parental BMI, level of education, concern and type of feeding during first year of life. Results Data from children and both parents were available for 432 girls and boys. Mean BMI was comparable in boys and girls (16.7 ± 2.31 vs. 16.9 ± 2.87 kg/m2, P = 0.55). In total, 172 children (29.3%) were overweight or obese. There was a high degree of agreement between mother and father perceptions of their child’s weight status (Cohen kappa 0.77). Multivariate modelling showed that perception levels significantly increased with child BMI but were globally lower than assessed. They differed between countries, gender and types of feeding during first year of life, were influenced by education level of the father but were not related to parental BMI and concern about childhood overweight. Conclusions The study showed no overall differences between mothers and fathers in rating their child’s weight status but both parents had a propensity to underestimate their child’s actual weight, particularly in boys. The EU CHOP trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00338689.

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