scholarly journals Determination of Cr (VI) Content in Water-Soluble Dyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
M P Sathianarayanan ◽  
Rina Nayak ◽  
Yogesh Hande
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Load ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Standard Solution

Abstract Hexavalent chromium detection in the presence of high load of colorants is a challenge, and it is an important area of study. Colorants are a class of interfering substance in many spectroscopic analysis and chromatographic separation and detection. In this study, a method has been developed to separate out Cr (VI) and water-soluble dyes by using activated charcoal as an absorption medium. The extraction procedure was optimized with Cr (VI) standard solution for quantification. The efficacy of the extraction procedure for the removal of water-soluble dyes and detection of Cr (VI) was checked with a spike recovery study. Based on the spike recovery study, the method has been validated as per the international validation protocol. The method is simple, cost effective and has a detection limit down up to 3.0 mg/kg. The recovery rate of Cr (VI) in water-soluble dyes like reactive yellow HE 6G, reactive red 218, turquoise blue HGN, reactive navy blue RX and reactive black 5A was found to be more than 90% with a good repeatability and reproducibility.

Greenly synthesized graphene with l-glutathione-modified electrode and its application towards determination of rutin

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (96) ◽  
pp. 94024-94032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Gao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yulong Zhang ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Lina Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Voltammetric Sensor ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Sensor Platform

A simple, environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach for preparation of water-soluble functional graphene was proposed for constructing a voltammetric sensor platform.

scholarly journals A Validated HPLC Method for the Determination of Vanillyl Butyl Ether in Cosmetic Preparations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberola ◽  
Francisco Trigo ◽  
Joaquin Melendez ◽  
Gema Muedra
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Isocratic Elution ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Quality Control Analysis ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

A specific HPLC method has been developed and validated for the determination of vanillyl butyl ether in cosmetic products. The extraction procedure with an isopropanol water 1:1 mixture is described. The method uses a RP-C-18 column with isocratic elution and a UV detector. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of acetonitrile and buffer (Na2HPO4 20mM in water) (30:70 v/v) with a variable flow rate. The method was validated with respect to accuracy, precision (repeatability and reproducibility), specificity and linearity. The procedure described here is simple, selective and reliable for routine quality control analysis and stability tests of commercially available cosmetic products.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals pollution in sediment of Citarum River, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-593
Author(s):  
Mutia Oktarina Permai Yenny ◽  
Arief Hartono ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Yumei Kang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution

Heavy metals have been reported to accumulate in sediment of Citarum River. The measurement of total heavy metals may not be able to provide information about the exact dimension of pollution, thus the determination of different fractions assumed great importance. This study was performed to determine chemical fractions of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd) in sediment collected at 8 locations from Citarum River. The sequential extraction procedure was used to extract heavy metals in water-soluble, acid-soluble, MnO occluded, organically bound, FeO occluded and residual fraction in sediment. Bioavailability and potential ecological risk level of heavy metals were evaluated based on bioavailability factor (BF) and risk assessment code (RAC) method. The results showed that Cu, Ni, Cr were mostly in residual form, indicate those from geological sources. Cu had low bioavailability and no risk in all sediment samples of Citarum River. Ni and Cr each was found to have risk at 2 locations. Pb and Cd were found dominantly in non-residual fraction, suggest those from anthropogenic sources. BF and RAC analysis of Pb and Cd suggest that there is a potential risk to the aquatic environment.

A Review of the Extraction Procedure and Analytical Methods for the Determination of Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B and Crystal Violet

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afnan A.H. Hakami ◽  
Saikh M. Wabaidur ◽  
Moonis A. Khan ◽  
Zeid A. AlOthman ◽  
Masoom R. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sorbent Materials

Background:: Dyes have been a blessing to the mankind owing to its numerous applications in several industries ranging from the textile, food, pharmaceuticals, paper, leather and many more. Al the same time these dye poses a problem for mankind if they exceed their limit. This review is all about the determination and extraction of dyes in different matrices. Introduction:: Methylene blue, rhodamine B and crystal violet are the three dyes discussed in this review article. All the three discussed dyes are cationic in nature and poses a threat to the human health if not detected and proper remediation step be taken if exceeding the limit. Methods:: The review article mentioned different analytical methods and different extraction techniques involved in the determination of dyes. Results:: Almost all the analytical methods reported involve proper extraction of the analyte which too finds a place in this review article. Spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods are cost effective method although the former is less sensitive than the later. LC method and LC MS method are capable of simultaneously determining a number of dyes Conclusion:: This review article also offers a compilation of different mobile phase combinations that has been used for the quantitative analysis of these three dyes. The article also contains listing of different solvents for the liquid-liquid extraction and different types of the sorbent materials used during solid phase extraction of the reviewed dyes.

scholarly journals UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF RUPATADINE FUMARATE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING SINGLE POINT STANDARDIZATION METHOD

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
S. SHAKIR BASHA ◽  
S. MANIKANTA ◽  
T. JAHNAVI
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Standardization Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Objective: To develop and validate a simple, selective, precise and accurate method for the estimation of rupatadine fumarate in bulk and tablet dosage form by using the single point standardization method as per international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Methods: In this proposed method, the absorbance of a standard solution of known concentration and a sample solution was measured. From this, the concentration of the unknown can be calculated. Results: Rupatadine fumarate showed maximum absorbance at 246 nm with methanol. Linearity was checked in different concentrations. The calibration curve was obtained in the range of 2-10 µg/ml. The slope, intercept and correlation coefficient (R2) values of Rupatadine fumarate were found to be 0.047, 0.0034 and 0.9995 respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision studies were carried out and there % RSD values were found within limits i.e. less than 2%. The recovery studies were carried out by adding a known amount of standard drug to preanalysed formulation and % Recovery was found to be within 99.7-101.6%. LOD and LOQ of Rupatadine fumarate were found to be 0.1 µg/ml and 0.3 µg/ml respectively. Robustness studies were performed at different wavelengths and the % RSD was found within the limits i.e. less than 2 %. Conclusion: The developed single point standardization method for the estimation of Rupatadine fumarate was found to be simple, precise, accurate, reproducible and cost-effective. Statistical analysis of the developed method confirms that the proposed method is an appropriate and it can be useful for the routine analysis. The proposed method gives the basic idea to the researcher who is working in the area like product development.

scholarly journals Malachite Green Removal by Activated Potassium Hydroxide Clove Leaf Agrowaste Biosorbent: Characterization, Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dyan Hatining Ayu Sudarni ◽  
Uyiosa Osagie Aigbe ◽  
Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor ◽  
Robert Birundu Onyancha ◽  
Heri Septya Kusuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption

Although several approaches have been explored for the removal of dyes and other toxic materials from water as well as the entire environment, notwithstanding, researchers/scientists are still pursuing novel, low-cost, and eco-friendly biosorbents for the effective removal of such contaminants. Herein, clove leaves (CL) were utilized as a biosorbent for the sequestration of malachite green (MG) from a water-soluble solution. The CL was subsequently activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and characterized using the FTIR and FESEM to determine the functional groups on the activated clove leaves (CL-KOH) and the morphology of the adsorbent. The adsorption of MG was observed to be relatively dependent on the dosage of sorbent utilized, initial MG concentration, and sorption process contact time. The adsorption process of MG to CL was ideally described using the Dubinin–Radushkevich and Elovich models with the determination of maximum sorption capacity of approximately 131.6 mg·g-1. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters calculated showed that the adsorption of MG to the adsorbent was exothermic with the process involving physical sorption as well as chemical sorption processes with negligible adsorption energy. In conclusion, the study has revealed that the CL is a cost-effective biosorbent with high adsorption efficiency for the sequestration of MG from a water-soluble solution and can be recycled for further usage.

scholarly journals Sensitive Determination of Cetirizine Using CdS Quantum dots as Oxidase Mimic-mediated Chemiluminescence of Sulfite

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Hoseinpour Kouhestany ◽  
Seyed Naser Azizi ◽  
Parmis Shakeri ◽  
Shaghyegh Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cds Quantum Dots ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cds Qds

A new chemiluminescence (CL) method using cadmium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) as sensitizers is proposed for the chemiluminometric determination of cetirizine pharmaceutical formulation. CdS QDs were synthesized by using water soluble route. The nanoparticles were structurally and optically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultra Violet-Visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study results shows that CdS quantum dots are enhancers of the weak CL emission. Trace amounts of cetirizine improved the sensitize effect of CdS quantum dots yielding a significant chemiluminescence enhancement of the Ce(IV)–SO32?–CdS QDs system. So, a new CL analysis system was selected for the determination of cetirizine. There is a good linear relationship between the relative chemiluminescence intensity and the concentration of cetirizine in the range of 1×10?9– 1×10?6 molL?1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9963 at the optimum conditions. The limit of detection (LOD) of this system was found to be 5×10?11 M. This method is simple, sensitive and cost effective, and also is accommodating for pharmaceutical applications.Kouhestany et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, June 2016, 5(7): 59-62

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