scholarly journals Translational research in nephrology: prognosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tripepi ◽  
Davide Bolignano ◽  
Kitty J Jager ◽  
Friedo W Dekker ◽  
Vianda S Stel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Prognostic Research ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Risk Reclassification ◽  
Independent Cohort

Abstract Translational research aims at reducing the gap between the results of studies focused on diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, and every day clinical practice. Prognosis is an essential component of clinical medicine. It aims at estimating the risk of adverse health outcomes in individuals, conditional to their clinical and non-clinical characteristics. There are three fundamental steps in prognostic research: development studies, in which the researcher identifies predictors, assigns the weights to each predictor, and assesses the model’s accuracy through calibration, discrimination and risk reclassification; validation studies, in which investigators test the model’s accuracy in an independent cohort of individuals; and impact studies, in which researchers evaluate whether the use of a prognostic model by clinicians improves their decision-making and patient outcome. This article aims at clarifying how to reduce the disconnection between the promises of prognostic research and the delivery of better individual health.

scholarly journals Gallstone disease as a clinical marker of metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Svistunov ◽  
Miсhail A. Osadchuk ◽  
Natalia V. Kireeva ◽  
Alexey M. Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Acute Cholangitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Complications Of Cholelithiasis

The prevalence of cholelithiasis, its close pathogenetic connection with metabolic syndrome, high frequency of surgical intervention, significant economic losses put forward this comorbid pathology in a number of leading problems of modern clinical medicine. The factors associated with the metabolic syndrome not only increase the risk of developing cholelithiasis, but also form the basis of non-drug and drug therapy. Metabolic syndrome often determines the occurrence of three common and potentially life-threatening complications of cholelithiasis: acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis and biliary pancreatitis. Therefore, the solution of this problem is associated with the need for early detection of additional risk factors for cholelithiasis, optimization of the early diagnostic and prognostic model of existing multi-organ pathology with the aim of reducing the progression of the disease and its complications. The data obtained in recent years on the human genome with metabolic syndrome and cholelithiasis make it possible to predict the development of comorbid pathology and to fully ensure the effectiveness of primary prevention.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Novel Prognostic Model for Endometrial Cancer Based on Clinical Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 8879-8886
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Yu ◽  
Sitian Wei ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Lanfen An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Characteristics and a Prognostic Model of 12-Month Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. e1199-e1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine Elisabeth Einarsen ◽  
Joukje van der Naalt ◽  
Bram Jacobs ◽  
Turid Follestad ◽  
Kent Gøran Moen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

Basic Principles of Translational Research

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Rubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Food Engineering ◽  
New Science ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Health Laws

Translational research turns fundamental new science and innovations into a product that has value to the public. The process is difficult because it combines a variety of diverse disciplines and skills from basic science, clinical medicine, engineering, business, public health, laws and regulations. These areas are so wide apart that it is very difficult to combine. The author has engaged in translational research since the early 1980’s and will describe the processes, pitfalls and rewards through typical examples from his projects that include: development of imaging monitored cryosurgery from concept to treatment of hundreds of thousands of patients, transgenes in food engineering from basic science to a twenty year wait for FDA approval, microelectroporation from basic concept to incorporation of the technology by numerous companies and non-thermal irreversible electroporation from basic concept to current clinical use in over 50 hospitals and over thousand treated patients.

Prognosis and prognostic research: Developing a prognostic model

BMJ ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 338 (mar31 1) ◽  
pp. b604-b604 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Royston ◽  
K. G M Moons ◽  
D. G Altman ◽  
Y. Vergouwe
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Prognostic Research

scholarly journals NCC-BCBM, A Nomogram Prognostic Model In Breast Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhai ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Ping Bai ◽  
Zhongzhao Wang ◽  
Yi Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Independent Cohort

Abstract Accurate prediction tools to facilitate risk stratification and therapeutic strategies for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis (BCBM) are lacking. We constructed and validated a new nomogram prognostic model, named NCC-BCBM, for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis using a large BCBM cohort from the SEER database. Clinical information for 8655 patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2013 was collected to develop the model. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were evaluated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. The model was further validated in an independent cohort of 4634 BCBM patient. The following clinical variables were enrolled in the final prognostic model: age, race, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, laterality, grade, molecular subtype, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC T) stage, AJCC N stage and extra metastatic sites except bone. The C-index for the developed model in training cohort was 0.702 (95% CI, 0.696 to 0.709). The calibration curve for probability of 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival showed good agreement between prediction by nomogram and direct observation. C-index that validated in an independent cohort was 0.748 (95% CI, 0.737 to 0.759). We developed and validated a nomogram prognostic model for BCBM patients and it resulted in good performance.

scholarly journals Engagement science: The core of dissemination, implementation, and translational research science

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Meissner ◽  
Linda B. Cottler ◽  
Milton “Mickey” Eder ◽  
J. Lloyd Michener
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Research Prioritization ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Implementation And Dissemination ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractStakeholder engagement is acknowledged as central to dissemination and implementation (D&I) of research that generates and answers new clinical and health service research questions. There is both benefit and risk in conducting stakeholder engagement. Done wrong, it can damage trust and adversely impact study results, outcomes, and reputations. Done correctly with sensitivity, inclusion, and respect, it can significantly facilitate improvements in research prioritization, communication, design, recruitment strategies, and ultimately provide results useful to improve population and individual health. There is a recognized science of stakeholder engagement, but a general lack of knowledge that matches its strategies and approaches to particular populations of interest based on history and characteristics. This article reviews stakeholder engagement, provides several examples of its application across the range of translational research, and recommends that Clinical Translational Science Awards, with their unique geographical, systems, and historical characteristics, actively participate in deepening our understanding of stakeholder engagement science and methods within implementation and dissemination research. These recommendations include (a) development of an inventory of successful stakeholder engagement strategies; (b) coordination and intentionally testing a variety of stakeholder engagement strategies; (c) tool kit development; and (d) identification of fundamental motivators and logic models for stakeholder engagement to help align stakeholders and researchers.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals an Association Between Cancer Cell Stemness, Gene Mutations, and the Immune Microenvironment in Stomach Adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaisheng Ye ◽  
Miao Zheng ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Shenghong Wei ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Stomach Adenocarcinoma

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), characterized by infinite proliferation and self-renewal, greatly challenge tumor therapy. Research into their plasticity, dynamic instability, and immune microenvironment interactions may help overcome this obstacle. Data on the stemness indices (mRNAsi), gene mutations, copy number variations (CNV), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and corresponding clinical characteristics were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and UCSC Xena Browser. Tumor purity and infiltrating immune cells in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) tissues were predicted using the ESTIMATE R package and CIBERSORT method, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high and low mRNAsi groups were used to construct prognostic models with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Lasso regression. The association between cancer stemness, gene mutations, and immune responses was evaluated in STAD. A total of 6,739 DEGs were identified between the high and low mRNAsi groups. DEGs in the brown (containing 19 genes) and blue (containing 209 genes) co-expression modules were used to perform survival analysis based on Cox regression. A nine-gene signature prognostic model (ARHGEF38-IT1, CCDC15, CPZ, DNASE1L2, NUDT10, PASK, PLCL1, PRR5-ARHGAP8, and SYCE2) was constructed from 178 survival-related DEGs that were significantly related to overall survival, clinical characteristics, tumor microenvironment immune cells, TMB, and cancer-related pathways in STAD. Gene correlation was significant across the prognostic model, CNVs, and drug sensitivity. Our findings provide a prognostic model and highlight potential mechanisms and associated factors (immune microenvironment and mutation status) useful for targeting CSCs.

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