Extended clinical trial and evaluation of urea nitrogen determination with the Ektachem GLU/BUN analyzer.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z L Bandi ◽  
J B Fuller ◽  
D E Bee ◽  
G P James
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Film ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Analysis System

Abstract We followed the "abbreviated precision protocol" of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for the evaluation of precision, accuracy, and carryover in analysis for urea nitrogen with the multilayer film analysis system ("Ektachem"). We analyzed 456 clinical samples with this instrument, by the manual urease/glucose dehydrogenase method, and with the Beckman System I GLU/BUN Analyzer. Precision and accuracy were estimated for 50, 220, 270, and 500 mg/L urea nitrogen concentrations in 100, 30, or 20 microL of serum. Potential interference of 15 compounds was evaluated. Random error (defined as 1.965 X SD) was 7, 10, 12, and 18 mg/L. Systematic error was 3, 4, 5, and 15 mg/L. Total analytical error was 11, 14, 17, and 34 mg/L for analysis of 100 microL of serum at the above-stated urea nitrogen concentrations. The greatest interference (6 mg/L) was caused by ethanol (300 mg/L) and by hemoglobin (500 mg/L) in the urea nitrogen (at 260 mg/L) determination. Urea nitrogen concentration, as determined with the Ektachem was linearly related to the expected concentration, at least up to 1187 mg/L. Carryover was not statistically significant.

Extended clinical trial and evaluation of glucose determination with the Eastman Kodak Ektachem GLU/BUN Analyzer.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z L Bandi ◽  
J B Fuller ◽  
D E Bee ◽  
G P James
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Random Error ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Plasma Potential ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

Abstract We followed the "abbreviated precision protocol" of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for the evaluation of precision, accuracy, and carryover in analyses for glucose with the "Ektachem." We analyzed 760 clinical samples by this technique, by the FDA Proposed Class Standard glucose reference method, and with the Beckman System I GLU/BUN Analyzer. Precision and accuracy were estimated for 500, 1000, 1200, 1500, and 3000 mg/L glucose concentrations in 100, 30, or 20 microL of serum or plasma. Potential interference of 19 compounds was evaluated. Random error (1.965 X SD) was 22, 30, 34, 40, and 88 mg/L. Systematic error was 8, 1.5, -2, -5, and -27 mg/L. Total analytical error was 30, 32, 36, 46, and 110 mg/L for analysis of 100 microL of serum at the above-stated glucose concentrations. The greatest interference (-39 mg/L) in the glucose (at 1200 mg/L) determination was caused by L-ascorbate (40 mg/L). Glucose concentrations as determined with the Ektachem were found to be linearly related to the expected concentration up to at least 5660 mg/L. Carryover was not statistically significant.

High urea and creatinine concentrations and urea transporter B in mammalian urinary tract tissues

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. F467-F474 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Spector ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
James B. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Urea Transporter ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen Conservation ◽  
Urea Reabsorption ◽  
And Storage

Although the mammalian urinary tract is generally held to be solely a transit and storage vehicle for urine made by the kidney, in vivo data suggest reabsorption of urea and other urine constituents across urinary tract epithelia. To determine whether urinary tract tissue concentrations are increased as a result of such reabsorption, we measured urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations and determined whether urea transporter B (UT-B) was present in bladder, ureter, and other tissues from dogs and rats. Mean urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in dogs and rats were three- to sevenfold higher in urinary tract tissues than in serum and were comparable to those in renal cortex. In water-restricted or water-loaded rats, urea nitrogen concentrations in bladder tissues fell inversely with the state of hydration, were proportional to urine urea nitrogen concentrations, and were greater than the corresponding serum urea nitrogen concentration in every animal. Immunoblots of rat and dog urinary tract tissues demonstrated the presence of UT-B in homogenates of bladder and ureter, and immunocytochemical analysis localized UT-B to epithelial cell membranes. These findings are consistent with the notion that urea and creatinine are continuously reabsorbed from the urine across the urothelium, urea in part via UT-B, and that urine is thus altered in its passage through the urinary tract. Urea reabsorption across urinary tract epithelia may be important during conditions requiring nitrogen conservation and may contribute to pathophysiological states characterized by high blood urea nitrogen, such as prerenal azotemia and obstructive uropathy.

scholarly journals Protective role of Nigella sativa oil on renal damage induced by acetaminophen in male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Zena M. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Nigella Sativa Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

     Acetaminophen also called paracetamol is commonly used as analgesic and antipyretic agent which in high doses causes liver and kidney damage in man and animals. Nigella sativa oil have antioxidant properties. Thirty adult male rats were used and randomly divided into three equal groups. Group (A) untreated and served as control group; Group (B) rats were orally intubated (by gavages needle) acetaminophen suspension (150mg/kg B.W). Group (C) rats were given orally acetaminophen suspension (150mg/kg) plus 1ml/kg B.W of Nigella sativa oil for 42 days in both treated group. Fasting blood samples were collected at 21 and 42 days of experiment to study the following parameters:  Serum creatinine concentration and blood urea nitrogen concentration. The results revealed a significant increase of acetaminophen group in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations as compression with GA. Animals treated with Nigella sativa oil plus acetaminophen (C) showed a significant decline in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations. In conclusion, the acetaminophen was effective in induction of oxidative stress and change in some biological markers related to kidney disease. Also it seems that Nigella sativa oil exerts protective actions against the damaging effect of acetaminophen

DuPont aca III performance as tested according to NCCLS guidelines.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1730-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
C C Garber ◽  
J O Westgard ◽  
L Milz ◽  
F C Larson
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Instrument Evaluation ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

Abstract We evaluated the analytical performance of 10 representative channels on the new microprocessor-controlled DuPont aca III according to the guidelines (draft documents PSEP-2, 3, and 4) proposed by the Instrument Evaluation Subcommittee of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. These guidelines were used for the experimental design and data analysis for the precision and accuracy testing, the latter by comparison with an aca II, with results of atomic absorption spectroscopy for calcium, and with the National Glucose Reference Method. From a 20-day replication study, we estimated within-run, between-run/within-day, between-run/between-day, and total standard deviations at three concentrations for each method. From duplicate analyses of 100 samples on the aca III, aca II, and other methods, we estimated the bias from the regression line at specific concentrations and total error from a tolerance limit about the regression line. Analytical performance of the aca III was judged acceptable because these estimated errors were small.

Factors affecting the urinary excretion of urea nitrogen in cattle. III.* High plasma urea nitrogen concentrations

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Thornton ◽  
BW Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
51Cr Edta ◽  
Filtered Load

The relationship between urinary urea nitrogen excretion, the filtered load of urea nitrogen, and the plasma urea nitrogen concentration were studied in cows intravenously infused with 0.5–10 g urea nitrogen per hour. These levels of infusion resulted in ranges of plasma urea nitrogen concentration of 12–63 mg/100 ml, of filtered urea nitrogen of 3–19 g/hr, and of urinary urea nitrogen excretion of 2.5–12.7 g/hr. There were linear relationships between the filtered load of urea nitrogen and the plasma urea nitrogen concentration (r = 0.91), between urinary urea nitrogen excretion and the filtered load of urea nitrogen (r = 0.92), and between urinary urea nitrogen excretion and the plasma urea nitrogen concentration (r = 0.97). It was concluded that the amount of urea excreted in the urine was regulated more by the plasma urea concentration than by renal processes such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the concentrating ability of the kidneys, or urine flow rate. The capacity of the bovine kidneys to excrete urea and mechanisms involved in the renal excretion of urea are discussed. The successful use of 51Cr-EDTA for the estimation of GFR in cattle is reported in an appendix. __________________ *Part II, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 21: 145 (1970).

The effects of continuous intravenous and intraruminal infusions of urea on nitrogen metabolism in sheep

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Urea Excretion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Urea was infused into sheep both intravenously and intraruminally, and at several increasing rates. The infusions were continuous for at least 6 days for each quantity of urea infused. Three predominantly roughage rations were used. Two of these had the same roughage constituents; both had relatively low protein contents, but one contained starch. The amount of urea nitrogen retained in the body from the urea infused was greatest on the ration containing starch, when the nitrogen balance improved by as much as 4.3 g/day. The concentration of ammonia in the rumen increased linearly with the amount of urea infused by either route of administration, but was much higher in the sheep infused intraruminally. Plasma urea nitrogen concentrations increased linearly with each quantity of urea infused until they reached about 30 mg/100 ml. They increased above this concentration only in the sheep fed on the low protein roughage ration without starch. The results suggest that a renal mechanism for urea excretion may control the plasma urea nitrogen concentration at about 30 mg/100 ml under certain conditions.

Multilayer-film analysis for urea nitrogen in blood, serum, or plasma.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1222-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ohkubo ◽  
S Kamei ◽  
M Yamanaka ◽  
H Katsuyama ◽  
Y Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Multilayer Film ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Abstract Two types of multilayer-film slides for measurement of urea nitrogen in blood are reported here: one for whole-blood samples, the other for plasma or serum. Urea nitrogen concentrations in plasma are determined almost immediately, without preparation of reagents or centrifugation of blood samples. Because the sample volume applied to the slide is not critical, reliable results are quickly obtained by the neophyte.

Use of spectrophotometric reading for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing ofAspergillusspp.

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 871-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Dannaoui ◽  
Florence Persat ◽  
Marie-France Monier ◽  
Elisabeth Borel ◽  
Marie-Antoinette Piens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

A comparative study of visual and spectrophotometric MIC endpoint determinations for antifungal susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species was performed. A broth microdilution method adapted from the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) was used for susceptibility testing of 180 clinical isolates of Aspergillus species against amphotericin B and itraconazole. MICs were determined visually and spectrophotometrically at 490 nm after 24, 48, and 72h of incubation, and MIC pairs were compared. The agreement between the two methods was 99% for amphotericin B and ranged from 95 to 98% for itraconazole. It is concluded that spectrophotometric MIC endpoint determination is a valuable alternative to the visual reference method for susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species.Key words: antifungal, susceptibility testing, Aspergillus, spectrophotometric reading.

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