Clinical Evaluation of a Pancreatic Lipase Mass Concentration Assay

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2310-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
H E van Ingen ◽  
G T Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Median Increase ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract An immunoactivation assay for determining pancreatic lipase mass concentration was clinically evaluated and compared with results obtained by measuring total amylase and pancreatic amylase activity. A group of 30 patients with pancreatitis was compared with a control group of 32 patients in which this disease was suspected but excluded. Both lipase mass concentration and pancreatic amylase activity exhibit good sensitivity (0.93 each) and specificity (0.94 and 0.97, respectively) at cutoff concentrations of 200 micrograms/L and 200 U/L, respectively. The median increase in lipase mass concentration (37.1 times the upper limit of the reference interval) in the pancreatitis group was higher than that for either total amylase or pancreatic amylase activity (5.94 and 14.5 times, respectively) but showed a similar time to peak value. We conclude that the lipase assay is the method of choice for diagnosing pancreatitis.

Determination of amylase activity in serum by using a wheat germ inhibitor with the Du Pont aca.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1539-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Lacher ◽  
M B Harize
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Wheat Germ Extract ◽  
Rapid Procedure ◽  
Assay Conditions

Abstract A rapid procedure for determining salivary- and pancreatic-type amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) in serum by incorporating a wheat germ inhibitor (from Triticum aestivum) was developed for the Du Pont aca IV analyzer. Under optimal assay conditions, activities of salivary and pancreatic amylase were inhibited by 93% and 19%, respectively. The 95% central reference interval for the percentage of inhibition of serum amylase was 38-84%. Patients with acute pancreatitis showed less than 26% inhibition of amylase after addition of the wheat germ extract, reflecting the prevalence of pancreatic-type amylase in this disorder.

scholarly journals Associations between Intra-Pancreatic Fat Deposition, Pancreas Size, and Pancreatic Enzymes in Health and after an Attack of Acute Pancreatitis

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Juyeon Ko ◽  
Loren Skudder-Hill ◽  
Sunitha Priya ◽  
Wandia Kimita ◽  
Sakina H. Bharmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Exocrine Pancreas ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Circulating Levels

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Ectopic fat deposition in the pancreas is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic sequelae following an attack of pancreatitis. However, its relationship with the exocrine pancreas has never been explored in this setting. The aim was to investigate the associations between intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD), pancreas size, and pancreatic enzymes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This cross-sectional study recruited individuals with a history of acute pancreatitis and healthy controls. All participants underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging, from which IPFD, total pancreas volume (TPV), and pancreas diameters (across the head, body, and tail) were measured independently by 2 raters in a blinded fashion. Circulating levels of pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, and chymotrypsin were measured in a fasted state. A series of linear regression analyses was conducted, accounting for possible confounders. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 108 individuals with pancreatitis and 60 healthy controls were studied. There was a statistically significant difference in IPFD (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), but not in TPV (<i>p</i> = 0.389), between the groups. In the post-pancreatitis group, IPFD was significantly inversely associated with pancreas tail diameter (β = −0.736, <i>p</i> = 0.036 in the most adjusted model). In the control group, IPFD was significantly inversely associated with TPV (β = −3.557, <i>p</i> = 0.026 in the most adjusted model). Levels of pancreatic amylase were significantly directly associated with pancreas tail diameter in the post-pancreatitis group (β = 3.891, <i>p</i> = 0.042 in the most adjusted model), whereas levels of pancreatic lipase were significantly inversely associated with TPV in the control group (β = −10.533, <i>p</i> = 0.024 in the most adjusted model). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Increased IPFD in individuals after an attack of pancreatitis is associated with reduced pancreas tail diameter, which is in turn associated with reduced circulating levels of pancreatic amylase. The relationship between IPFD and the exocrine pancreas warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with essential hypertension: evaluation by volume-time curve of cardiac magnetic resonance

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-feng Yan ◽  
Yue Gao ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ying-kun Guo ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Peak Ejection Rate ◽  
Lv Diastolic Dysfunction

Abstract Background Essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two common chronic diseases that often coexist, and both of these diseases can cause heart damage. However, the additive effects of essential hypertension complicated with T2DM on left ventricle (LV) diastolic function have not been fully illustrated. This study aims to investigate whether T2DM affects the diastolic function of the LV in patients with essential hypertension using the volume-time curve from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods A total of 124 essential hypertension patients, including 48 with T2DM [HTN(T2DM +) group] and 76 without T2DM [HTN(T2DM-) group], and 52 normal controls who underwent CMR scans were included in this study. LV volume-time curve parameters, including the peak ejection rate (PER), time to peak ejection rate (PET), peak filling rate (PFR), time to peak filling rate from end-systole (PFT), PER normalized to end-diastolic volume (PER/EDV), and PFR normalized to EDV (PFR/EDV), were measured and compared among the three groups. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of T2DM on LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension. Pearson correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the volume-time curve and myocardial strain parameters. Results PFR and PFR/EDV decreased from the control group, through HTN(T2DM −), to HTN(T2DM +) group. PFT in the HTN(T2DM-) group and HTN(T2DM +) group was significantly longer than that in the control group. The LV remodelling index in the HTN(T2DM −) and HTN(T2DM +) groups was higher than that in the normal control group, but there was no significant difference between the HTN(T2DM −) and HTN(T2DM +) groups. Multiple regression analyses controlling for covariates of systolic blood pressure, age, sex, and heart rate demonstrated that T2DM was independently associated with PFR/EDV (β = 0.252, p < 0.05). The volume-time curve method has good repeatability, and there is a significant correlation between volume-time curve parameters (PER/EDV and PFR/EDV) and myocardial peak strain rate, especially circumferential peak strain rate, which exhibited the highest correlation (r = − 0.756 ~ 0.795). Conclusions T2DM exacerbates LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension. The LV filling model changes reflected by the CMR volume-time curve could provide more information for early clinical intervention.

scholarly journals SPOKEN AND WRITTEN REPRESENTATION OF NUMBER IN L2 CATALAN INDEFINITE DETERMINER PHRASES

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-350
Author(s):  
Liliana Tolchinski ◽  
Naymé Salas ◽  
Joan Perera
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Literacy Instruction ◽  
First Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Language Background ◽  
Indefinite Article ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
L1 Influence ◽  
The Relationship

The study explores the relationship that second language (L2) learners of Catalan establish between the spoken and the written representation of number inflection within an indefinite-article Determiner Phrase (DP); and it also addresses first language (L1) influence in this processo Five- to eight-year-olds, speakers of varieties of Chinese and Moroccan Arabic, with differing degrees of literacy instruction in their home countries —but similar time of residence in Catalonia— participated in the study. The children carried out individual semi-structured tasks designed to evaluate comprehension and production of changes in number inflections (un cotxe ‘a car’; uns cotxes ‘a-pl cars ’). Results showed that, irrespective of children’s language background, comprehension preceded production of singular and plural indefinite-article DPs; spoken representation was easier than written representation of number changes; and production of plural indefinite-article DPs was more difficult than its singular counterpart. Despite typological differences between the languages compared, both groups of L2 learners, even the Catalan control group, underwent similar processes.

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Systolic Motion Pattern Differs Among Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block Patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Yanjuan Zhang ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
Changqing Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motion Pattern ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Basal Rotation ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract Purpose:The study aimed to investigate left ventricular (LV) motion pattern in patients with LBBB patterns including patients with pacemaker rhythm (PM), type B Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (B-WPW), premature ventricular complexes originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT-PVC), and complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB).Methods: Two-dimensional speckle tracking was used to evaluate peak value and time to peak value of the LV twist, LV apex rotation, and LV base rotation in patients with PM, B-WPW, RVOT-PVC, and CLBBB with normal LV ejection fraction, and in age-matched control subjects.Results: The LV motion patterns were altered in all patients compared to the control groups. Patients with PM and CLBBB had a similar LV motion pattern with a reduced peak value of LV apex rotation and LV twist. Patients with B-WPW demonstrated the opposite trend in the reduction of LV rotation peak value, which was more dominant in the basal layer. The most impairment in the LV twist/rotation peak value was identified in patients with RVOT-PVC. Compared to the control group, the apical-basal rotation delay was prolonged in patients with CLBBB, followed by those with B-WPW, RVAP, and RVOT-PVC.Conclusion: The LV motion patterns were different among patients with different patterns of LBBB. CLBBB and PM demonstrated a reduction in LV twist/rotation that was pronounced in the apical layer, B-WPW showed a reduction in the basal layer, and RVOT-PVC in both layers. CLBBB had the most pronounced LV apical-basal rotation dyssynchrony.

Abstract 2819: Cross-correlation Analysis of Myocardial Velocity is Superior to Conventional Time-to-Peak Parameters for Quantifying Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon K Fornwalt ◽  
Takeshi Arita ◽  
Mohit Bhasin ◽  
George Voulgaris ◽  
John D Merlino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Threshold Line

Background- A recent study showed that the most commonly used Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) parameters to diagnose left ventricular dyssynchrony agree only 50% of the time. Most of these parameters require calculation of the ``time-to-peak” myocardial velocity. This ``time-to-peak” based analysis utilizes only one of >100 data points collected per heart cycle. Methods- We developed and tested a new dyssynchrony parameter, cross-correlation delay (XCD), that utilizes all velocity data points from 3 consecutive beats (~420 points). We hypothesized that XCD would be superior to existing methods at diagnosing dyssynchrony. We tested XCD on 11 members of a positive control group (echocardiographic responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy) and 12 members of a negative control group (normal echocardiogram and 12-lead ECG). We compared XCD to septal-to-lateral delay in time-to-peak (SLD), maximum difference in the basal 2- or 4-chamber times-to-peak (MaxDiff) and standard deviation of the 12 basal and mid-wall times-to-peak (Ts-SD). Results- An XCD threshold of 31ms discriminated between positive and negative controls with 100% sensitivity and specificity (Figure 1 ). SLD, MaxDiff and Ts-SD showed sensitivities of 36, 55 and 100% and specificities of 50, 42 and 50%, respectively. ROC analysis showed XCD and Ts-SD were superior to SLD and MaxDiff in discriminating between positive and negative controls (p<0.01). XCD was the only parameter which decreased after resynchronization in the positive controls (from 160±88ms to 69±61ms, p=0.003). Conclusion- XCD is superior to existing parameters at discriminating patients with LV dyssynchrony from those with normal function. Figure 1. XCD shows the greatest discrimination between positive and negative controls. Dyssynchrony values for each positive control are shown as x’s and values for each negative control are shown as circels. Different dyssynchrony parameters are shown in each subplot (A-D). Threshold values to diagnose dyssynchrony are plotted as horizontal lines in each figure. Note that x’s above the threshold line represent false positives while circles below the threshold line represent false negatives.

Abstract 4344: Biventricular Pacemaker Therapy Corrects Dyssynchrony in Non-Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Khalid Abozguia ◽  
Ganesh Nallur-Shivu ◽  
Thanh T Phan ◽  
Abdul Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Biventricular Pacing ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pacemaker Therapy ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Peak Longitudinal Strain

Background. Previous studies have reported dyssynchrony using Tissue Doppler in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In this study we assessed dyssynchrony using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vs a healthy control group and in a subgroup of highly symptomatic patients evaluated the acute effects of biventricular pacing on STE and Tissue Doppler (TDI) derived measures of dyssynchrony. Methods. We studied 48 healthy controls (age 48 ±18yrs, 22 males, LVEF 63 ±5%, QRS 86 ±7ms) and 57 patients with HCM (age 54 ±11yrs, 38 males, LVEF 61 ±7%, QRS 110 ±36ms). A subgroup of 15 symptomatic patients with HCM (Peak VO2<60% predicted) underwent biventricular pacing (age 53 ±12yrs, 12 males, LVEF 61 ±7%, QRS 110 ±32ms). Echocardiography was performed with the pacemaker off (VVi30) and on (DDDR, AV delay 90ms, LV-RV delay 0 – 4ms). Using STE, the standard deviation (SD) in time to peak longitudinal strain (Tϵ-SD), the time to peak longitudinal systolic velocity (Ts) for each of 18 left ventricular segments and the SD of this timing (Ts-SD) was derived. Using TDI dyssynchrony was assessed from the SD of Ts for the basal six segments and the maximum difference in Ts between any two basal segments (Ts-peak[basal]). Results. Using STE, Tϵ-SD (54.99 ±33.61ms vs 24.55 ±21.18ms p<0.001), Ts-SD (71.06 ±32.32ms vs 46.17 ±21.50ms p<0.001) and Ts (155.74 ±23.14ms vs 123.71 ±11.25ms p<0.001) were greater in HCM than in controls. Using STE we demonstrated that biventricular pacing significantly reduced Tϵ-SD and Ts-SD to values similar to those observed in controls (Ts-SD p=0.13). Using TDI we demonstrated that biventricular pacing significantly reduced Ts, Ts-SD, and Ts-peak[basal]. See Table . (All values expressed as mean ±SD) Conclusion. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy significantly reduced dyssynchrony in symptomatic patients with non-obstructive HCM as demonstrated using STE and TDI. Table

Rapid quantitative, specific measurement of pancreatic amylase in serum with use of a monoclonal antibody.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1283-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
T E Mifflin ◽  
D C Benjamin ◽  
D E Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
A Value ◽  
Analytical Recovery

Abstract In this rapid quantitative assay for pancreatic alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) in serum, we precipitate salivary amylases by 10-min incubation with monoclonal anti-salivary amylase antibody immobilized on particles of polyvinylidene fluoride. We then centrifuge the serum mixture and measure the pancreatic amylase activity remaining in the supernate by a kinetic method. The assay requires 50 microL of serum and the standard curve is linear to at least 1300 U of pancreatic amylase per liter of serum. CVs were 1.3% within-run, 6-8% day-to-day. Apparent analytical recovery of pancreatic amylase activity added to serum was 101% +/- 2%. Addition of purified salivary amylase, 356 U/L, to sera gave a value for apparent pancreatic amylase of less than 4 U/L, or 1% of the added salivary amylase activity. This assay correlated well with an electrophoretic method (slope, 0.97-0.99; intercept, 0.5 to -4 U/L; correlation coefficient, 0.946-0.990; and standard error of the estimate 3-5 U/L). Estimated normal reference intervals with maltotetraose as substrate were: total amylase, 39-118 U/L; pancreatic amylase, 11-50 U/L; and salivary amylase, 18-79 U/L.

Late response of the upper airway of the rat to inhaled antigen

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1360-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Xu ◽  
D. H. Eidelman ◽  
J. H. Bates ◽  
J. G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Late Response ◽  
Lung Elastance ◽  
Upper Airway Resistance ◽  
Airway Responses ◽  
Peak Value

We studied the magnitude and time course of changes in upper airway resistance (Ruaw) of actively sensitized Brown-Norway rats after aerosol challenge with ovalbumin (OA). Two weeks after sensitization, eight rats were challenged by inhalation of aerosolized OA through the nose. The airway responses of these rats 5-10 h after OA challenge were compared with those of seven animals challenged with saline. Seven of eight test rats had increased Ruaw, and six displayed discrete late responses (LR). Ruaw during expiration was highly alinear so analysis was confined to Ruaw during inspiration (Ruaw,I). The Ruaw,I averaged over 5 h was 1.262 +/- 0.09 (SE) cmH2O.ml-1.s, 2.6 times the value for saline-challenged animals (0.476 +/- 0.143 cmH2O.ml-1.s), and it reached a peak value of 3.454 +/- 0.45 cmH2O.ml-1.s. The time to the peak of the LR was 446 +/- 37.3 min. The duration of the LR in the upper airway was 146 +/- 34.9 min. At the time corresponding to the peak value of Ruaw,I, the lung elastance in the test rats was double the value preceding the peak. Lung elastance was unchanged in the control group. We conclude that inhalation of antigen through the upper airway of the sensitized rat results in a substantial increase in upper airway resistance and a distinct LR. The predominant site of the change in respiratory system resistance is in the upper airway.

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