NF-κB-induced oxidative stress contributes to mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes

The purpose of the present study was to determine changes in plasma lipids and markers of oxidative stress longitudinally in pregnancy complicated by diabetes compared with non-diabetic pregnancy. This was carried out by following a group of normal pregnant women (n=17) and groups of pregnant women with Type I diabetes (n=19), Type II diabetes (n=12) and gestational diabetes mellitus (n=12) throughout pregnancy, with sampling carried out at the end of each trimester. Serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerols (triglycerides) were determined using standard colorimetric techniques and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfraction profile by disc PAGE. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined by enhanced chemiluminescence and lipid hydroperoxides by the ferrous oxidation of Xylenol Orange method. Total cholesterol and triacylglycerols increased significantly throughout pregnancy in all groups, but there were no significant differences between normal and diabetic women with respect to either. The LDL score was significantly higher (P<0.001) in diabetic women compared with normal women at each point throughout pregnancy, although there were no significant differences between the diabetic groups. There was evidence of greater oxidative stress in diabetic compared with normal women throughout. Corrected TAC was significantly lower (P<0.001) in all diabetic women throughout pregnancy. In addition, lipid hydroperoxides were higher in all diabetic compared with normal women, particularly so in those with Type II diabetes (P<0.05). These changes may have important implications for diabetic women during pregnancy, as an elevated risk of pre-eclampsia is thought to reflect an oxidative stress-related mechanism. In addition, these changes may have important implications for the development of atherosclerosis and the long-term cardiovascular health of women with diabetes.

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Glycoxidation, and protein and DNA oxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0950331 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

K. KRAPFENBAUER ◽

R. BIRNBACHER ◽

H. VIERHAPPER ◽

K. HERKNER ◽

D. KAMPEL ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hydroxyl Radical ◽

Protein Oxidation ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Dna Oxidation ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Radical Attack

1.The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the diabetic state is being investigated extensively. Although oxidative stress has been reported in terms of glycoxidation, protein oxidation and DNA oxidation in diabetes mellitus, oxidation parameters have not been determined in parallel on the same study population. 2.We studied 24 patients with diabetes mellitus (14 patients with Type I diabetes with a mean age of 62.3±6.3 years and 10 patients with Type II diabetes aged 67.3±5.9 years) and compared them with age-matched non-diabetic controls. Urinary o-tyrosine, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and pentosidine measurements by HPLC were made on two occasions (t1 and t2). 3.A clear statistical difference was found between diabetic patients and controls at t1 or t2 for 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and pentosidine, but not for o-tyrosine. No significant correlations were found between clinical and other laboratory parameters except high-density lipoprotein and uric acid. We revealed significantly increased glycoxidation and DNA oxidation in patients with Type I and Type II diabetes, but protein oxidation was not different from controls. 4.The finding of increased glycoxidation reflects increased oxidation of the carbohydrate moiety, whereas the increased levels of oxidized DNA may also be interpreted as due to increased DNA repair. The increased 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine does not indicate the generation of an individual active oxygen species, but DNA could have been oxidized simply by alkenals from lipid peroxidation, as e.g. malondialdehyde. As no difference in protein oxidation (i.e. o-tyrosine) between diabetics and controls could be revealed, the oxidation of DNA by hydroxyl radical attack is unlikely, as o-tyrosine was proposed as a marker for hydroxyl radical attack. Therefore, the message is that increased glycoxidation can be confirmed, protein oxidation does not appear to take place and increased DNA oxidation is still not proven, as increased 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine may simply reflect repair.

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COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF METHODS OF ESTIMATION OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) IN TERMS OF SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICTY IN TYPE-II DIABETES MELLITUS.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i7.377 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Mr. Pravinkumar Sonawane ◽

Dr. R.V. KatKam ◽

Dr. V. S. Shinde ◽

Dr. S. A. Abhang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Free Radical ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Comparative Assessment ◽

Type Ii ◽

Good Marker

Now a days it is a known fact that the oxidative stress is in the foreground of type-II diabetes mellitus. It is the main cause of macro and microvascular complications in type II diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress can be served as a good marker of degree of diabetes in addition is HbA1C. Superoxide (O2.- ) is one of the free radical produced during oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme which quenches superoxide radicals produced due to oxidative stress. Hence it is very obvious that the estimation of SOD should be very sensitive and specific. To attain this aim we compared three different methods. Key words: SOD, Diabetes, Oxidative stress, Superoxide Dismutase.

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Effects of Anchomanes difformis on Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Organ Toxicity in STZ-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8020029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Toyin D. Alabi ◽

Novel N. Chegou ◽

Nicole L. Brooks ◽

Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Diabetic Complications ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Type Ii ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Fatty Acid Binding ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Persistent hyperglycemia is known to cause enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species in diabetes. Several inflammatory cytokines are induced by oxidative stress, and their release also leads to increased oxidative stress; this makes oxidative stress one of the important factors in the development of chronic inflammation and other immune responses. These have been implicated in the development of diabetic complications such as nephropathy and cardiomyopathy. Anchomanes difformis has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory potential and the antiapoptotic ability of Anchomanes difformis to ameliorate heart toxicity and injury in type II diabetes. Two weeks of fructose (10%) administration followed by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) were used to induce type II diabetes in male Wistar rats. Leaf extract (aqueous) of Anchomanes difformis (200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered orally for six weeks. Blood glucose concentrations and body weights before and after interventions were determined. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were measured in the heart homogenates. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) levels were determined. Expressions of transcription factors (Nrf 2 and NFkB/p65) and apoptotic markers were also investigated in the heart. Anchomanes difformis administration reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased anti-inflammatory markers, and enhanced antioxidant defense in the heart of diabetic treated animals. Anchomanes difformis is a new, promising therapeutic agent that can be explored for the treatment of pathological conditions associated with immune responses and will be a useful tool in the management of associated diabetic complications.

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