Extend of coronary lesion, in-hospital complications in patients with STEMI, treated with PCI and high levels of CD14++CD16+ monocytes subpopulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V Dovhan ◽  
A.N Parkhomenko ◽  
T.V Talayeva ◽  
I.V Tretyak ◽  
O Shumakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Lesion Group ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Aims Acute myocardial infarction with the ST elevation (STEMI) is accompanied by the development of an inflammatory reaction, in particular, activation of monocytes. To date, the relationship between the levels and dynamics of monocyte populations in patients with STEMI and the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis on the one hand (and with the clinical course of the disease, on the other hand) is not well understood. Methods and results The 50 STEMI patients (pts) were studied prospectively. All the pts underwent the PCI (alone, or followed by angioplasty/stenting) and have the monocytes (Mc) population analysis data obtained at 1st and 7th–10th days. According to the angiography data, pts were divided into three groups: “single-vessel lesion” (group 1, n=13), “two-vessel lesion” (group 2, n=14) and “three-vessel lesion” (group 3, n=23). There was an in-hospital increase in CD14++CD16-, CD14++CD16+ and CD14+CD16++ populations of Mc in 3rd group (+5%, +43% and +44%, respectively, p<0.05 for all), whereas in subgroups 1 and 2 there was an increase in CD14+CD16++ population (+70% in group 1, p<0.05 and +90% in group 2, p<0.001), without significant dynamics of CD14++CD16− and CD14++CD16+ populations. In addition, there was an increase in the CD14+CD16++ population only in pts with 1–3 coronary lesions (+72%, p<0.001 versus −12% of decrease in pts with more than 3 lesions, p>0.1). The number of CD14++CD16+ Mc on day 1 of STEMI correlated positively with levels of C-reactive protein (C-RP, r=0.34, p<0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, r=0.39, p<0.01), and with left ventricle (LV) end-systolic volume (r=0.33, p<0.05) and negatively – with LV ejection fraction (r=−0.22, p<0.1), while there were only slight correlations of CD14++CD16- Mc levels with left ventricle (LV) end-systolic volume (r=0.28, p<0.05) and with LV ejection fraction (r=−0.23, p<0.1). According to the hospital follow-up, the 1st day count of CD14++CD16+ Mc was higher in patients with in-hospital complications (mean 42.9±6.9x106/L vs 26.6±5.3x106/L in uncomplicated cases, p<0.05), and was correlated with number of in-hospital complications per patient (r=0.25, p=0.05). Conclusion Higher baseline number of CD14++CD16+ Mc correlates with other “pro-inflammatory” indices (C-RP, ESR) and indicates the worse baseline cardio-hemodynamic and unfavorable course of in-hospital period in pts with STEMI, treated with PCI. Incremental in-hospital dynamic of all Mc populations was observed in multi-vessel lesion cases. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Biplane ventriculography in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. H131-H136
Author(s):  
J. L. Heckman ◽  
L. Garvin ◽  
T. Brown ◽  
W. Stevenson-Smith ◽  
W. P. Santamore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume

Biplane ventriculography was performed on nine intact anesthetized rats. Images of the left ventricle large enough for analysis were obtained by placing the rats close to the radiographic tubes (direct enlargement). Sampling rates, adequate for heart rates of 500 beats/min, were obtained by filming at 500 frames/s. From the digitized silhouettes of the left ventricle the following information was obtained (means +/- SE): end-diastolic volume 0.60 +/- 0.03 ml, end-systolic volume 0.22 +/- 0.02 ml, stroke volume 0.38 +/- 0.02 ml, ejection fraction 0.63 +/- 0.02, cardiac output 118 +/- 7 ml/min, diastolic septolateral dimension 0.41 +/- 0.01 mm, diastolic anteroposterior dimension 0.40 +/- 0.01 mm, diastolic base-to-apex dimension 1.58 +/- 0.04 mm. To determine the accuracy with which the volume of the ventricle could be measured, 11 methyl methacrylate casts of the left ventricle were made. The correlation was high (r = 0.99 +/- 0.02 ml E) between the cast volumes determined by water displacement and by use of two monoplane methods (Simpson's rule of integration and the area-length method applied to the analysis of the anteroposterior films) and a biplane method (area-length). These results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain accurate dimensions and volumes of the rat left ventricle by use of high-speed ventriculography.

scholarly journals 1180 2D and 3D assessment of the left ventricle volume and ejection fraction in a general population

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ericsson ◽  
B Tayal ◽  
K Hay Kragholm ◽  
T Zaremba ◽  
N Holmark Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
2D And 3D

Abstract Introduction In standard practice, LV volumes and EF are estimated by 2D technique. 3D echocardiographic assessment seems more reliable; however, this method has not yet been validated in the general population. Purpose To validate 3D echocardiography in a large population sample and investigate differences between 2D and 3D LVEF and volumes Methods In The Copenhagen City Heart Study, 4466 echocardiograms were available for analysis. The echocardiograms were obtained during four consecutive heartbeats in both 2D and 3D with GE Vivid E9. Offline analysis was performed on EchoPac v. 201. LVEF was calculated by the modified Simpsons Biplane Auto EF for 2D and by the 4LVQ method for 3D. Results The study included 2090 echocardiograms. The mean 2D LVEF was 57.3 ± 6.1% (IQR 54 - 61%) and 51.7 ± 7.9% (IQR 47 - 57%) by 3D. The mean end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) by 2D and 3D techniques were: EDV 2D 106.1 ± 29.6 ml vs EDV 3D 128.2 ± 32.3 ml , ESV 2D 45.7 ± 15.6 ml vs. ESV 3D 45.7 ± 20.7 , p < 0.05 among all variables. The average difference of means between 2D and 3D LVEF was 5.6 ± 11.2%, -22.1 ± 56.8 ml for EDV, and -16.9 ± 32.9 ml for ESV. The correlation coefficient for LVEF was 0.42, EDV 0.76 and for ESV 0.70. Conclusion In our study, we found a significant difference in both LVEF and ventricular volumes when comparing 2D echocardiograms with 3D. 3DE had, in general, lower LVEF, higher EDV and ESV compared to 2D. Table 1: Summary of results Table 1 - Summary of results n = 2090 Variable Min Max Mean IQR (25-75) p-value LVEF, 2D (%) 18 76 57.3 ± 6.1 54-61 < 0.05 LVEF, 3d (%) 13 77 51.7 ± 7.9 47-57 < 0.05 EDV, 2D (ml) 13 275 106.1 ± 29.6 85-123.8 < 0.05 EDV, 3D (ml) 50 270 128.2 ± 32.3 106-148 < 0.05 ESV, 2D (ml) 15 150 45.7 ± 15.6 35-54 < 0.05 ESV, 3D (ml) 13 185 45.7 ± 20.7 48-74 < 0.05 LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction, EDV: end-diastolic volume, ESV: end systolic volume, IQR: Inter-quartile range Abstract 1180 Figure 1: Correlation and BA-plot

scholarly journals [123I]MIBG is a better early marker of anthracycline cardiotoxicity than [18F]FDG: a preclinical SPECT/CT and simultaneous PET/MR study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Oudot ◽  
Alan Courteau ◽  
Mélanie Guillemin ◽  
Jean-Marc Vrigneaud ◽  
Paul Michael Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction ◽  
Doxorubicin Group

Abstract Background During anthracycline treatment of cancer, there is a lack for biomarkers of cardiotoxicity besides the cardiac dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to compare [18F]FDG and [123I]MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine) in a longitudinal study in a doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity rat model. Methods Male Wistar Han rats were intravenously administered 3 times at 10 days’ interval with saline or doxorubicin (5 mg/kg). [123I]MIBG SPECT/CT (single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography) and simultaneous [18F]FDG PET (positron emission tomography)/7 Tesla cardiac MR (magnetic resonance) imaging acquisitions were performed at 24 h interval before first doxorubicin / saline injection and every 2 weeks during 6 weeks. At 6 weeks, the heart tissue was collected for histomorphometry measurements. Results At week 4, left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic volume was significantly reduced in the doxorubicin group. At week 6, the decreased LV end-diastolic volume was maintained, and LV end-systolic volume was increased resulting in a significant reduction of LV ejection fraction (47 ± 6% vs. 70 ± 3%). At weeks 4 and 6, but not at week 2, myocardial [18F]FDG uptake was decreased compared with the control group (respectively, 4.2 ± 0.5%ID/g and 9.2 ± 0.8%ID/g at week 6). Moreover, [18F]FDG cardiac uptake correlated with cardiac function impairment. In contrast, from week 2, a significant decrease of myocardial [123I]MIBG heart to mediastinum ratio was detected in the doxorubicin group and was maintained at weeks 4 and 6 with a 45.6% decrease at week 6. Conclusion This longitudinal study precises that after doxorubicin treatment, cardiac [123I]MIBG uptake is significantly reduced as early as 2 weeks followed by the decrease of the LV end-diastolic volume and [18F]FDG uptake at 4 weeks and finally by the increase of LV end-systolic volume and decrease of LV ejection fraction at 6 weeks. Cardiac innervation imaging should thus be considered as an early key feature of anthracycline cardiac toxicity.

Measurement of Left Ventricular Function During Arm Ergometry Using the VESTTM Nuclear Probe

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-471
Author(s):  
Len S. Goodman ◽  
Jack M. Goodman ◽  
Linda Yang ◽  
Joanna Sloninko ◽  
Terry Hsia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Arm Exercise ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction ◽  
Rest And Exercise

A chest-mounted left ventricular (LV) nuclear probe (VEST™) for use during arm and leg ergometry is presented, with a discussion of the validity and reproducibility of LV function measures at rest and exercise. During both arm and leg ergometry in trained subjects, transient changes in LV function/volumes were observed. LV ejection fraction and relative end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes were 25 to 30% less with the arms versus the legs, agreeing with data from other studies using conventional techniques. At peak exercise with both limbs, LV ejection fraction and relative LV end-systolic volume increased, followed by immediate postexercise normalization. The effect was greatest with the arms and reflects the effect of high intramuscular and arterial pressures generated during arm cranking, leading to increased LV afterloading. The VESTTM permits rapid and noninvasive assessment of LV function during arm exercise, avoiding the limitations of other techniques. Key words: arm exercise, radionuclide, chest-mounted probe

scholarly journals Significance of the left ventricular ejection fraction in diagnosis of heart failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Yu S Malov ◽  
I I Yarovenko
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume

Left ventricular ejection fraction, not being an indicator of contractility, is widely used in practice for the diagnosis of heart failure. It reflects only a change in volume of the left ventricle. It was found that the ejection fraction is not so much dependent on the shock and final diastolic volume as on the final systolic volume. An inverse relationship was found between the left ventricular ejection fraction and the end systolic volume. The larger the end systolic volume, the lower the ejection fraction. High final ejection fraction corresponds to a small terminal systolic volume of the left ventricle. The ejection fraction, representing the ratio of the impact volume to the final diastolic, reflects structural changes in the left ventricle. The more these disorders, the lower the fraction of the ejection of the left ventricle. Its connection with heart failure is realized indirectly through structural restructuring of the myocardium. Low ejection fraction indicates severe damage to the myocardium and unfavorable prognosis for the patient. The empirically established emission fraction did not receive a scientific justification for the regulatory framework. According to the symmetrical approach to the study of a heart, the volume ratio of the left ventricle represents a golden proportion (0,618). Hence, the ideal left ventricular ejection fraction is 62 %, but not 50-80 %, as is customary. An increase or decrease in the ejection fraction indicates a change in the volume of the left ventricle. The clinical morphological similarity of patients with heart failure, classified according to functional classes and size of the ejection fraction, was revealed, which casted doubt on the introduction of the classification of heart failure by the size of the ejection fraction into practice.

Abstract 3069: Reduction of Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony after Catheter Ablation for Isolated Permanent Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Depressed Left Ventricular Function

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Reant ◽  
Stephane Lafitte ◽  
Frederic Sacher ◽  
Nicolas Derval ◽  
Stephanie Brette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Ventricular Dyssynchrony ◽  
Permanent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Lv Dyssynchrony ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Persistent/Permanent atrial fibrillation (Per AF) and electromechanical left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony are frequently associated in patients with systolic heart failure. Their relationships have not been investigated yet. Objective: We hypothesized that Per AF could induce or worsen ventricular dyssynchrony. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the degree of LV dyssynchrony in patients with Per AF and depressed LV function; to describe the evolution of dyssynchrony after AF catheter ablation. Methods: 28 patients with isolated Per AF and depressed LV function were investigated with a VIVID7 (General Electric) before ablation (D-1), at 1 month (M+1) and at 6 month (M+6) after the procedure and compared to 28 controls. LV ejection fraction was evaluated by biplane Simpson rule. LV dyssynchrony was quantified by tissue Doppler imaging in apical views using a triplane 3D/4D acquisition. Maximal difference between times to peak (mdTP) was determined. TP was measured as the delays between the onset of the QRS and the peak velocity of systolic wave on the 6 basal LV segments. Values were averaged on 3 consecutive cardiac cycles. LV dyssynchrony was defined for a mdTP value >65ms. Parameters of dyssynchrony were normalized to RR interval. Results: Before ablation, mdTP was >65ms for 10 (36%) of the patients (group1) and >65ms for 18 patients (group 2). Ejection fraction was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. During the follow-up, the LV ejection fraction increase was similar in the 2 groups (+42%; +41%)(Table ). In the whole population, mdTP decreased from 57.5±35ms to 44.1±35ms (P<0.05). However, the LV dyssynchrony improvement was much more marked in group 1 than in group 2 (−42%; −13%). Conclusions: In this study, LV dyssynchrony was present in 36% of the patients with permanent AF and impaired LV ejection fraction. Catheter ablation significantly improved both LV ejection fraction and LV dyssynchrony in this population. Table

scholarly journals Detrimental Immediate- and Medium-Term Clinical Effects of Right Ventricular Pacing in Patients With Myocardial Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E.D. Saunderson ◽  
Maria F. Paton ◽  
Louise A.E. Brown ◽  
John Gierula ◽  
Pei G. Chew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Dual Chamber ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Rv Pacing ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction

Background: Long-term right ventricular (RV) pacing leads to heart failure or a decline in left ventricular (LV) function in up to a fifth of patients. We aimed to establish whether patients with focal fibrosis detected on late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have deterioration in LV function after RV pacing. Methods: We recruited 84 patients with LV ejection fraction ≥40% into 2 observational CMR studies. Patients (n=34) with a dual-chamber device and preserved atrioventricular conduction underwent CMR in 2 asynchronous pacing modes (atrial asynchronous and dual-chamber asynchronous) to compare intrinsic atrioventricular conduction with forced RV pacing. Patients (n=50) with high-grade atrioventricular block underwent CMR before and 6 months after pacemaker implantation to investigate the medium-term effects of RV pacing. Results: The key findings were (1) initiation of RV pacing in patients with fibrosis, compared with those without, was associated with greater immediate changes in both LV end-systolic volume index (5.3±3.5 versus 2.1±2.4 mL/m 2 ; P <0.01) and LV ejection fraction (−5.7±3.4% versus −3.2±2.6%; P =0.02); (2) medium-term RV pacing in patients with fibrosis, compared with those without, was associated with greater changes in LV end-systolic volume index (8.0±10.4 versus −0.6±7.3 mL/m 2 ; P =0.008) and LV ejection fraction (−12.3±7.9% versus −6.7±6.2%; P =0.012); (3) patients with fibrosis did not experience an improvement in quality of life, biomarkers, or functional class after pacemaker implantation; (4) after 6 months of RV pacing, 10 of 50 (20%) patients developed LV ejection fraction <35% and were eligible for upgrade to cardiac resynchronization according to current guidelines. All 10 patients had fibrosis on their preimplant baseline scan and were identified by >1.1 g of fibrosis with 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Conclusions: Fibrosis detected on CMR is associated with immediate- and medium-term deterioration in LV function following RV pacing and could be used to identify those at risk of heart failure before pacemaker implantation.

scholarly journals Remodeling of the left heart in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease after mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Issue 2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Dinara Toktosunova ◽  
Murat Djundubaev ◽  
Elmira Seytahunova ◽  
Irina Akhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Valve Replacement Surgery

Objectives: to evaluate the advantage of preserving the subvalvular structures of the mitral valve from both leaflets compared with the preservation of the subvalvular structures only from the posterior valve during mitral valve replacement surgery (MVR). Methods: A retrospective analysis of case histories of 41 patients with isolated rheumatic lesions of the mitral valve who underwent MVR, which were divided into 2 groups: with complete preservation of subvalvular structures (n = 24) and preservation of only the posterior leaflet (n = 17), was performed. Results: In the group with complete preservation of the chordal-papillary apparatus, there was a significant decrease in the end-systolic volume (p&lt;0.05) and a slight increase in the ejection fraction of the left ventricle in the immediate postoperative period compared with the group with the preservation of the chordal-papillary apparatus only from the posterior cusp, where end-systolic volume decreased slightly (p&qt;0.05) and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle remained at the same levels. Conclusion: Our preliminary results of the study indicate better remodeling and optimization of the geometry of the left ventricle when assessing the closest postoperative parameters in a group of patients with preservation of chordo-papillary structures of both leaflets, both the anterior and the posterior leaflets.

scholarly journals To the question of electrophysiological remodeling role in the genesis of ventricular ectopy in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
E S Mazur ◽  
V V Mazur ◽  
H A Jaber ◽  
Yu A Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ectopic Activity ◽  
Postinfarction Cardiosclerosis ◽  
Ventricular Ectopic Activity ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To study the character and intensity of relationship between left ventricular dilatation, severity of electrophysiological myocardium remodeling and ectopic ventricular activity in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Methods. 46 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis were examined (males, average age 57.9 years). All patients underwent echocardiography with detection of end diastolic volume of left ventricle and its ejection fraction, Holter monitoring with determining signal-averaged electrocardiogram and severity of ventricular ectopic activity with calculation of ventricular ectopic activity index. Based on the ejection fraction the patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 17 patients with ejection fraction ≥45%, and group 2 - 29 patients with ejection fraction <45%. Results. Left ventricle ejection fraction in patients from group 2 was lower, and parameters of signal-averaged electrocardiogram were worse than in patients from group 1. Ventricular ectopic activity index in patients from group 2 was 5 times higher than the average index in group 1. According to correlation analysis in the combined group, signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters more tightly correlated with end diastolic volume than with ventricular ectopic activity index. The latter more tightly correlated with end diastolic volume (r=0.67, p <0.001), than with signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters. After calculating partial correlation coefficient and excluding the effect of end diastolic volume, correlation coefficients of ventricular ectopic activity index and signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters became insignificant. The received data put in question the view that electrophysiological remodeling is an independent cause of severity increase of ventricular arrhythmias. More probable is that electrophysiological remodeling and ventricular ectopic activity are related pathogenetically, and correlation between them is determined by the fact that both depend on left ventricle end diastolic volume. Conclusion. Relation between electrophysiological myocardium remodeling and ectopic ventricular activity in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis may depend on severity of left ventricular dilatation.

Observer Variability of Radionuclide Left Ventricular Volume Determination at Rest and during Exercise

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kelbæk ◽  
T. Gjørup ◽  
K. Bülow ◽  
S. L. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Interobserver Variation ◽  
Volume Determination ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Lv Volumes ◽  
Lv Ejection Fraction

The reproducibility expressed as the intra- and interobserver variation in the determination of cardiac left ventricular (LV) volumes by the radionuclide multigated equilibrium technique in the upright position is presented. No systematic difference was found in the reproducibility between LV volumes determined in healthy subjects and cardiac patients or between examinations performed at rest and during exercise. The intra- and interobserver variation were of the same magnitude. SD of the difference was 8 to 9 ml for LV end-diastolic volume, 4 to 7 ml for LV end-systolic volume, and 2 to 5% for LV ejection fraction. Thus, there is a 95% probability that repeat measurements, either by the same observer or by 2 independent observers, will result in the same LV end-diastolic volume within 18 ml, LV end-systolic volume within 11 ml, and LV ejection fraction within 8%. Only 15% of the variation can be ascribed to determination of the attenuation correction factor.

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