scholarly journals Pleural complications in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): how to safely apply and follow-up with a chest tube during the pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1216-1221
Author(s):  
Kenan Can Ceylan ◽  
Guntug Batihan ◽  
Serkan Yazgan ◽  
Soner Gürsoy ◽  
Sami Cenk Kıraklı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Chest Tube ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Pulmonary Parenchyma ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Tube Application

Abstract OBJECTIVES Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a novel coronavirus, affects mainly the pulmonary parenchyma and produces significant morbidity and mortality. During the pandemic, several complications have been shown to be associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our goal was to present a series of patients with COVID-19 who underwent chest tube placements due to the development of pleural complications and to make suggestions for the insertion and follow-up management of the chest tube. METHODS We retrospectively collected and analysed data on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in our hospital between 11 March and 15 May 2020. Patients from this patient group who developed pleural complications requiring chest tube insertion were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 542 patients who were suspected of having COVID-19 were hospitalized. The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was confirmed with laboratory tests in 342 patients between 11 March and 15 May 2020 in our centre. A chest tube was used in 13 (3.8%) of these patients. A high-efficiency particulate air filter mounted double-bottle technique was used to prevent viral transmission. CONCLUSIONS In patients with COVID-19, the chest tube can be applied in cases with disease or treatment-related pleural complications. Our case series comprised a small group of patients, which is one of its limitations. Still, our main goal was to present our experience with patients with pleural complications and describe a new drainage technique to prevent viral transmission during chest tube application and follow-up.

scholarly journals Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biyan Nathanael Harapan ◽  
Hyeon Joo Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, is responsible for the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is evident that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a challenging world issue. Although most COVID-19 patients primarily develop respiratory symptoms, an increasing number of neurological symptoms and manifestations associated with COVID-19 have been observed. In this narrative review, we elaborate on proposed neurotropic mechanisms and various neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications of COVID-19 reported in the present literature. For this purpose, a review of all current published literature (studies, case reports, case series, reviews, editorials, and other articles) was conducted and neurological sequelae of COVID-19 were summarized. Essential and common neurological symptoms including gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions, myalgia, headache, altered mental status, confusion, delirium, and dizziness are presented separately in sections. Moreover, neurological manifestations and complications that are of great concern such as stroke, cerebral (sinus) venous thrombosis, seizures, meningoencephalitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome, acute myelitis, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) are also addressed systematically. Future studies that examine the impact of neurological symptoms and manifestations on the course of the disease are needed to further clarify and assess the link between neurological complications and the clinical outcome of patients with COVID-19. To limit long-term consequences, it is crucial that healthcare professionals can early detect possible neurological symptoms and are well versed in the increasingly common neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19.

scholarly journals A practical approach to imaging characteristics and standardized reporting of COVID-19: a radiologic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Esin Tekcan Sanli ◽  
Duzgun Yildirim ◽  
Ahmet Necati Sanli ◽  
Suha Turkmen ◽  
Neval Erozan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Radiological Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Reporting Templates ◽  
Standardized Reporting ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractNovel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a pathogen that has caused a rapidly spreading pandemic all over the world. The primary mean of transmission is inhalation with a predilection for respiratory system involvement, especially in the distal airways. The disease that arises from this novel coronavirus is named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 may have a rapid and devastating course in some cases leading to severe complications and death. Radiological imaging methods have an invaluable role in diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment. In this review, radiological imaging findings of COVID-19 have been systematically reviewed based on the published literature so far. Radiologic reporting templates are also emphasized from a different point of view, considering specific distinctive patterns of involvement.

Management and Early Outcomes of Neonates Born to Women with SARS-CoV-2 in 16 U.S. Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme L. Congdon ◽  
Laura R. Kair ◽  
Valerie J. Flaherman ◽  
Kelly E. Wood ◽  
Mary Ann LoFrumento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Inpatient Management ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Objective There is a paucity of evidence to guide the clinical care of late preterm and term neonates born to women with perinatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The objective of this case series is to describe early neonatal outcomes and inpatient management in U.S. hospitals. Study Design We solicited cases of mother–infant dyads affected by novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns (BORN) Network members. Using a structured case template, participating sites contributed deidentified, retrospective birth hospitalization data for neonates ≥35 weeks of gestation at birth with mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 before delivery. We describe demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical management, and neonatal outcomes. Results Sixteen U.S. hospitals contributed 70 cases. Birth hospitalizations were uncomplicated for 66 (94%) neonates in which 4 (6%) required admission to a neonatal intensive care unit. None required evaluation or treatment for infection, and all who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 were negative (n = 57). Half of the dyads were colocated (n = 34) and 40% directly breastfed (n = 28). Outpatient follow-up data were available for 13 neonates, all of whom remained asymptomatic. Conclusion In this multisite case series of 70 neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical outcomes were overall good, and there were no documented neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections. Clinical management was largely inconsistent with contemporaneous U.S. COVID-19 guidelines for nursery care, suggesting concerns about the acceptability and feasibility of those recommendations. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to assess the benefits and harms of current practices to inform evidence-based clinical care and aid shared decision-making. Key Points

scholarly journals IVIG: The Heart Savior in Covid 19 era

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Rima Chaddad ◽  
Matina Hamadeh ◽  
Amena Khatoun ◽  
Zouheir Kreidly ◽  
Claudette Najjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Direct Reports ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as illness caused by a novel coronavirus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; formerly called 2019-nCoV), which was first identified as an outbreak in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China [1]. Cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome after Covid – 19 infection have been extensively documented in children. CDC reported 27 cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) in direct reports through October 2020, as well as various case series and published case reports [2]. Cytokine storm, as a trigger of the progression of HF in patients with COVID-19, has become a novel focus to explore therapies for target populations [3]. In this article, we briefly present a case of a Covid-19 infection associated myocarditis complicated by acute heart failure successfully treated with IVIG.

scholarly journals Hyponatremic Unconsciousness as a Presenting Symptom of COVID-19: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Chauhan ◽  
Asmita Gupta ◽  
Kari Suguna ◽  
Shashikant Shukla ◽  
Parul Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Altered Sensorium ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can present with a multitude of clinical symptoms. The virus, disease symptomatology, pathogenesis and complications are being studied and new concepts are evolving rapidly. The current worldwide situation caused by the disease makes it exceedingly important to recognise varied presentations of the disease. Three cases are being discussed hereby, wherein the patients presented with altered sensorium secondary to hyponatremia as the initial and only presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in the absence of fever or any respiratory involvement. Acute symptomatic hyponatremia is an under-recognised presentation with only a few cases reported till date and needs further awareness and understanding.

scholarly journals Case Series: Hypercalcemia From Granulomatous Silicosis Developing After COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110512
Author(s):  
Ashley Bray ◽  
Jonathan Vincent M. Reyes ◽  
Nancy Tarlin ◽  
Aaron Stern
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silicone Injection ◽  
Frequent Finding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Silicone Injections

Hypercalcemia is one of the most commonly encountered laboratory abnormalities in clinical medicine. Various causes have been well established. However, it is likely that the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may be a newly found cause of this frequent finding, especially amongst those with a history of cosmetic surgery, specifically by means of silicone injection. In this case series, we describe 2 patients presenting with symptomatic hypercalcemia likely from their prior silicone injections. Interestingly, each patient only developed symptoms of hypercalcemia following infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-infected Pneumonia in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Farsi ◽  
Yazdan Ahmadi ◽  
Farshid Alazmani Noodeh ◽  
Ramin Hamidi Farahani ◽  
Faezeh Baniyaghoobi
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Background: On February 19 2020, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) reported in Qom, Iran. The number of cases has increased rapidly but information on the differences in clinical characteristics of affected patients in different countries is limited. It seems that people with underlying diseases not only have a higher risk of developing the NCIP disease but also are more likely to die from the virus infection. Objectives: This study aimed to describe which one of NCIP patients are at higher risk for severe illness and what is the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiological characteristics, and outcomes of the disease. Methods: Prospective, case series of the 50 hospitalized NCIP patients in two hospitals in Tehran, Iran, from March 1 to March 15, 2020, was implemented. The final date of follow-up was March 18, 2020. The final date of follow-up was March 18, 2020. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, treatment, and outcome data were collected from electronic or printed medical records with data collection forms and analyzed. Results: More than half of the patients were men (27 [54%]); the majority of them had underlying diseases, including hypertension (33 [66%]), diabetes mellitus (29 [58%]), chronic heart failure (19 [38%]), chronic renal failure (19 [38%]), and autoimmune diseases (18 [36%]). The median age was 60 years (IQR 41.5 - 68.5). Common symptoms of illness were fever (50 [100%]), sore throat (50 [100%]), dyspnea (44 [88%]), myalgia (43 [86%]), cough (42 [84%]), fatigue (39 [78%]), and diarrhea (28 [56%]). The majority of patients had lymphopenia 49 (98%), 24 (48%) leukocytosis, and 32 (64%) of them had thrombocytopenia. All patients had pneumonia with patchy shadows or ground-glass opacity on chest computed tomographic scans. Twelve (24%) patients had a decreased level of consciousness. Thirty-three patients (66%) were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (18 [36%]), arrhythmia (19 [38%]), and shock (14 [28%]). As of March 18, 37 patients (74%) were discharged, and 13 died (26%). Conclusions: Hospitalized NCIP patients who have serious underlying chronic illness might be at higher risk for severe illness. Common symptoms of illness were fever, sore throat, dyspnea, myalgia, cough, and fatigue. Major complications during hospitalization included ARDS, arrhythmia, and shock. Bilateral distribution of patchy shadows and ground-glass opacity was a typical hallmark of CT scans for NCIP. Currently, there is no effective drug treatment. Gaps in our knowledge need fulfillment by future studies with a higher sample size.

Outcomes of stent-graft repair for anastomotic femoral pseudoaneurysm. A case series

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110451
Author(s):  
Marco Franchin ◽  
Federico Fontana ◽  
Luca Luzzani ◽  
Michela Lanza ◽  
Gabriele Piffaretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stent Graft ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Stent Grafting ◽  
Stent Graft Repair ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective This study aims to report a case series of anastomotic femoral pseudoaneurysms (PSA) treated with stent-grafting (SG) in patients at high-risk for the open surgical approach. Methods It is a retrospective, observational cohort study. Between 1 January 2002 and 1 April 2020, post-hoc analysis of the database including patients who received repair for femoral PSA identified those treated with SG. All but one patient were approached through a contralateral percutaneous transfemoral access, and the SG was always deployed from the common femoral artery to the profunda femoris artery. For this study, primary outcomes of interest were early (≤ 30 days) survival and patency rate. Results We identified 10/823 cases of the entire PSA cohort (1.2%). There were 9 men and 1 woman: the mean age was 76 years ± 9 (range: 64–92). Urgent intervention was performed in 4 patients. The median operative time was 30 min (IQR: 25–36). Access-related complication was never observed. In-hospital mortality occurred in 1 patient due to novel coronavirus-19–related pneumonia. Median follow-up was 24 months (IQR: 12–37); 5 patients died. At the last radiologic follow-up available, all SGs were patent without necessity of reintervention. Conclusion Stent-graft repair for anastomotic femoral PSA may be considered a reasonable alternative for patients at high-risk for open surgical repair.

Atypical Manifestations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Children: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Βenou ◽  
Shamez Ladhani ◽  
Gabriel Dimitriou ◽  
Despoina Gkentzi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infection ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Atypical Presentations

Background: In December 2019, a local outbreak of pneumonia presented in Wuhan (China), and quickly identified to be caused by a novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named COVID-19 and was soon declared as pandemic because of the millions of infections and thousands of deaths worldwide. Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 usually develop asymptomatic or mild disease compared to adults. They are also more likely to have atypical and non-specific clinical manifestations than adults. Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus to summarize the extrapulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children since the beginning of the pandemic. Peer-reviewed papers in English were retrieved using the following keywords and combinations: ‘pediatric’, ‘child’, ‘infant’, ‘neonate’, ‘novel coronavirus’, ‘SARS-CoV-2’, ‘COVID 19’ and ‘gastrointestinal’, ‘renal’, ‘cardiac’, ‘dermatologic’ or ‘ophthalmologic’. We included published case series and case reports providing clinical symptoms and signs in SARS-CoV2 pediatric patients. Results: Although fever and symptoms of upper respiratory infection are the most frequently presented, a variety of other atypical presentations has also been reported. The clinical spectrum includes dermatological, ophthalmological, neurological, cardiovascular, renal, reproductive, and gastrointestinal presentations. In addition, a rare multi-inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported in children, often leading to shock requiring inotropic support and mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: Clinicians need to be aware of the wider range of extrapulmonary atypical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, so that appropriate testing, treatment, and public health measures can be implemented rapidly.

Effect of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in Patellofemoral Instability Regardless of Predisposing Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ik Lee ◽  
Mohd Shahrul Azuan Jaffar ◽  
Han Gyeol Choi ◽  
Tae Woo Kim ◽  
Yong Seuk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Patellofemoral Instability ◽  
International Knee Documentation Committee ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Mpfl Reconstruction ◽  
Patellar Tilt ◽  
Case Series Study

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, regardless of the presence of predisposing factors. A total of 21 knees that underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction from March 2014 to August 2017 were included in this retrospective series. Radiographs of the series of the knee at flexion angles of 20, 40, and 60 degrees were acquired. The patellar position was evaluated using the patellar tilt angle, sulcus angle, congruence angle (CA), and Caton-Deschamps and Blackburne-Peel ratios. To evaluate the clinical outcome, the preoperative and postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee scoring scales were analyzed. To evaluate the postoperative outcomes based on the predisposing factors, the results were separately analyzed for each group. Regarding radiologic outcomes, 20-degree CA was significantly reduced from 10.37 ± 5.96° preoperatively to −0.94 ± 4.11° postoperatively (p = 0.001). In addition, regardless of the predisposing factors, delta values of pre- and postoperation of 20-degree CA were not significantly different in both groups. The IKDC score improved from 53.71 (range: 18–74) preoperatively to 94.71 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.004), and the Lysholm score improved from 54.28 (range: 10–81) preoperatively to 94.14 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.010). Isolated MPFL reconstruction provides a safe and effective treatment for patellofemoral instability, even in the presence of mild predisposing factors, such as trochlear dysplasia, increased patella height, increased TT–TG distance, or valgus alignment. This is a Level 4, case series study.

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