Progression markers of coronary calcification

Abstract Aim To evaluate the relationship between clinical parameters, biomarkers of bone turnover and the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) based on long-term (5 years) follow-up. Material and methods The single-center, prospective, non-randomized observational study included 111 men with CHD, admitted for CABG. All patients in the preoperative period underwent the following procedures: color duplex scanning (CDS) of the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA), multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography to assess the degree of CAC using the Agatson score (calculation of the coronary artery calcium score – CACS), estimation of femoral neck bone mineral density with the T-score calculation and clinical assessment of biomarkers of bone metabolism (calcium, phosphorus, calcitonin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone). The vital status of patients was ascertained after 3–5 years of follow-up after CABG, CDS of the BCA and MSCT-coronary angiography were repeated. To identify the most significant clinical and anamnestic risk factors and form a model of predictors of CAC progression, patients were divided into two groups depending on the high increase in CACS (an increase in the score of more than 100 Agatston units (AU). Results 16 (14.4%) out of 111 patients failed to establish contact for the next stage of the study. In 4 (3.6%) cases death was registered (3 – fatal myocardial infarction, 1 – fatal stroke). The CAC progression was assessed in 91 patients (81.9%). Patients who showed signs of CAC progression comprised a group of 60 (65.9%) patients; without CAC progression – 31 (34.1%) patients. The “end points” in the groups were comparable and were detected in 18 cases (19.7%): recurrent angina in 16 patients (p=0.368), non-fatal myocardial infarction in 1 (p=0.162) and 1 emergency stenting (p=0,162) of the coronary artery that was not subjected to CABG. The risk model for CAC progression included an initial decrease in femoral neck bone mineral density and nonadherence to statins for 5 years after CABG (p=0.001). Conclusion 65.9% of men with stable CHD showed the signs of CAC progression for 5 years after CABG, according to MSCT. The main predictors of CAC were: low cathepsin K levels and low bone mineral density in the preoperative period, low OPG 5 years post-CABG. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”; 6, Sosnovy Blvd, Kemerovo, 650002, Russia

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Association between coronary artery calcification using low-dose MDCT coronary angiography and bone mineral density in middle-aged men and women

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/s00198-010-1303-5 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 627-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

T. Lin ◽

J. C. Liu ◽

L. Y. Chang ◽

C. W. Shen

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Low Dose ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Men And Women ◽

Mdct Coronary Angiography

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Multislice computed tomography in the evaluation of coronary atherosclerosis dynamics: data three-year observation in patients with myocardial infarction-segment elevation ST and stenting of coronary arteries

Ukrainian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.31928/1608-635x-2020.6.1930 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 19-30

Author(s):

L. M. Babii ◽

V. O. Shumakov ◽

O. P. Pogurelska ◽

A. Yu. Rybak ◽

I. E. Malynovska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Multislice Computed Tomography ◽

Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽

Msct Coronary Angiography ◽

Coronary Artery Stenting ◽

Progression Of Atherosclerosis

The aim – to use multislice computed tomography (MSCT)-coronary angiography data to determine the presence of atherosclerotic process progression in coronary vessels in the dynamics of the three-year follow-up period in patients after STEMI and coronary artery stenting.Materials and methods. 66 MSCT-coronary angiography studies were performed in 19 men after primary myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) and coronary artery stenting. All patients were male, ranging in age from 38 to 66 years, with a mean (Me 55.6; (Q1–Q3 (49–64)) years, and 18 of 19 (94.0 %) patients developed Q-MI. 1 patient (6 %) had non-Q-MI. A month after acute MI, patients underwent MSCT of the heart with coronary vascular contrast. Re-examination was performed one, two and three years after the development of STEMI. According to the results of MSCT coronary angiography determined the functional status of stents, as well as the presence or exclusion of signs of restenosis (about 50 % or more) or thrombosis 100 % – occlusion) in the stent coronary artery and in non-infarction-causing arteries. With the progression of atherosclerotic plaque, an increase in atherosclerotic plaque of more than 20 % was taken into account compared to the previous study.Results and discussion. By the end of the first year after MI in 11 of 19 (57.9 %) patients according to MSCT-coronary angiography, no progression of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries was observed. 1 patient (5.6 %) had stent restenosis, which was confirmed by CAG data. Progression of atherosclerotic lesions was observed in 7 patients (36.8 %), 3 of them (16.6 %) in the stent artery, and in 4 patients in the non-infarction-causing artery. In the second year after myocardial infarction, compared with the annual examination, in 6 of 14 (42.9 %) no progression of atherosclerosis was observed, and in 7 of 14 (50 %) progression of atherosclerotic lesions not in the stent artery, and only in 1 of 14 – progression of atherosclerosis in the stent artery. In the third year after the development of MI, 10 of 14 (71.4 %) had no progression of atherosclerosis, and 4 patients showed progression in both IOA and other arteries.Conclusions. MSCT coronary angiography is an informative method in assessing the functional status of stents and determining the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in the infarct-causing artery and other coronary arteries in patients after MI and coronary artery stenting in the dynamics of three-year follow-up. The lack of progression of atherosclerosis was accompanied by slightly lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, compared with patients with progression of atherosclerosis.

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A study on patients with coronary artery disease with special reference to bone mineral density

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202559 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 2395

Author(s):

Tony Ete ◽

Shakeel Ahamad Khan ◽

Baphira Wankhar ◽

Star Pala ◽

Amit Malviya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Vessel Disease ◽

Coronary Stenoses ◽

Artery Disease

Background: Osteoporosis and Coronary artery disease are known to share common risk factors, like inflammation, but a direct relationship between the two has not been established. Some of the previous studies showed low BMD (osteoporosis and/orosteopenia) as an independent predictive factor for coronary artery disease in ambulatory patients. However, some reports have failed to demonstrate a direct relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD) and CAD or cardiovascular risk factors. This study was carried out to estimate bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and also to evaluate the association between bone mineral density and coronary artery disease.Methods: Hospital based prospective observational study, involving 96 consecutive patients who were referred for coronary angiography for the evaluation of established or suspected CAD and also patients who had acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are enrolled in this study. BMD was determined for the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femoral neck using DXA scan.Results: The total number of subjects was 96. Out of 96, 24 (25%) patients were females and remaining 72 (75%) were males. Coronary angiography was carried out in all patients. 42 patients from the total had coronary angiography proven single vessel disease (SVD), 33 patients had double vessel disease (DVD) and 21 patients had triple vessel disease (TVD). DXA scan was carried out in all patients. T- score of neck of femur region and lumbar spine was calculated. Neither the presence of significant coronary stenoses ≥50% in two or more coronary vessels nor the prevalence of severe coronary stenoses ≥70% differed significantly between patients with normal bone density, osteopenia, or osteoporosis (p<0.05, respectively).Conclusions: The result of this study suggests that in patients undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of CAD, the prevalence of low BMD is high; however, there is no statistically significant relationship between osteoporosis, osteopenia and coronary artery disease state.

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Bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in patients with thyroid cancer and L-T4 suppressive therapy after 25 years of follow-up

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.3.pp223 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Mingo Dominguez Maria Luisa de ◽

Sonsoles Guadalix Iglesias ◽

Maria Begona Lopez Alvarez ◽

Guillermo Martinez Diaz-Guerra ◽

Federico Hawkins Carranza

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Bone Turnover ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Turnover Markers ◽

Suppressive Therapy ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Turnover Markers

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Anxiety Levels Predict Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women Undergoing Oral Bisphosphonates: A Two-Year Follow-Up

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8144

Author(s):

Gabriella Martino ◽

Federica Bellone ◽

Carmelo M. Vicario ◽

Agostino Gaudio ◽

Andrea Caputo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Oral Bisphosphonates ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽

Anxiety Levels

Clinical psychological factors may predict medical diseases. Anxiety level has been associated with osteoporosis, but its role on bone mineral density (BMD) change is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between anxiety levels and both adherence and treatment response to oral bisphosphonates (BPs) in postmenopausal osteoporosis. BMD and anxiety levels were evaluated trough dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), respectively. Participants received weekly medication with alendronate or risedronate and were grouped according to the HAM-A scores into tertiles (HAM-A 3 > HAM-A 2 > HAM-A 1). After 24 months, BMD changes were different among the HAM-A tertiles. The median lumbar BMD change was significantly greater in both the HAM-A 2 and HAM-A 3 in comparison with the HAM-A 1. The same trend was observed for femoral BMD change. Adherence to BPs was >75% in 68% of patients in the HAM-A 1, 79% of patients in the HAM-A 2, and 89% of patients in the HAM-A 3 (p = 0.0014). After correcting for age, body mass index, depressive symptoms, and the 10-yr. probability of osteoporotic fractures, anxiety levels independently predicted lumbar BMD change (β = 0.3417, SE 0.145, p = 0.02). In conclusion, women with higher anxiety levels reported greater BMD improvement, highlighting that anxiety was associated with adherence and response to osteoporosis medical treatment, although further research on this topic is needed.

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