scholarly journals Poor appetite and long-term risk of falls among middle-aged and older adults: A longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
YC Lin ◽  
YH Chang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Poor Appetite and Eating Difficulties Can Predict the Long-Term Risk of Falling: A Longitudinal Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482097643
Author(s):  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Yu-Hung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Poor Appetite

Objectives: This study investigates whether self-reported nutritional status affects falling among middle-aged and older adults. Method: We used 8-year follow-up data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. At baseline, respondents’ appetite, changes in amount of food intake, and eating difficulties were assessed in a questionnaire-based survey in addition to anthropometric measurements (body mass index, mid-arm circumferences, and involuntary body weight loss). Their associations with falls in the follow-up were examined using multivariable log-binomial regression. Results: The study included 2,519 respondents aged 50 years and older. Poor appetite (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.07, 1.46]) and eating difficulties (PR = 1.16, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.32]) significantly predicted falling 8 years later with adjustments for sociodemographics, health behaviors, comorbidities, and anthropometric measures by taking into account probabilities of follow-up. Conclusion: Poor appetite and eating difficulties can predict falling in the long-term independent of anthropometric measurements among middle-aged and older adults.

scholarly journals The association between childhood neighborhood relationship and mental health in middle and later life: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sun ◽  
Hongye Luo ◽  
Chaofan Li ◽  
Qianqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
Neighborhood Relationship ◽  
Research Gap

Abstract Background It is unclear that whether childhood neighborhood relationship is associated with mental health among middle-aged and older adults. To overcome this research gap, this study aimed to investigate the association between childhood neighborhood relationship and mental health among the middle-aged and older adults in China. Methods The data of this study was sourced from the 2014 and 2015 waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We used ordinary least squares and logit regression models to explore the association between childhood neighborhood relationship and mental health among the middle-aged and older adults in China. Results The regression results indicate that the middle-aged and older adults who lived in place where neighbors had close-knit relationships at childhood was significantly associated with decreased odds of suffering from depressive symptoms (OR = 0.4259, p < 0.001). Furthermore, compared to the middle-aged and older adults who lived in place where neighbors were not close-knit at childhood, those who lived in place where neighbors were close-knit at childhood had a reduced CES–D score (coefficient = − 2.7822, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study demonstrates the importance of living in place where neighbors had close-knit relationships at childhood. The integrated interventions, including maintaining close-knit neighborhood relationships and strengthening the construction of community, may be useful to improve mental health.

scholarly journals Randomized placebo-controlled study of the memory effects of pomegranate juice in middle-aged and older adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Siddarth ◽  
Zhaoping Li ◽  
Karen J Miller ◽  
Linda M Ercoli ◽  
David A Merril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Daily Consumption

ABSTRACT Background Antioxidant nutrients such as the polyphenols in pomegranate juice may prevent neuronal damage from the free radicals produced during normal metabolism. Previous research in animals and a short-term clinical trial in middle-aged and older adults support the potential memory benefits of pomegranate juice; however, the long-term effects of pomegranate juice consumption on cognition have not been studied. Objective In this study, we investigated the long-term effect of pomegranate juice on memory in nondemented middle-aged and older adults. Methods We performed a 12-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pomegranate juice in middle-aged and older adults. Two hundred and sixty-one subjects (aged 50–75 y) were randomly assigned to consume pomegranate juice [8 oz (236.5 mL) per day] or a placebo drink (8 oz, matched constituents of pomegranate juice except for pomegranate polyphenols). Memory measures [Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) and Buschke Selective Reminding Test (SRT)] were assessed at 6 and 12 mo and analyzed using a mixed-effects general linear model. Results Twenty-eight subjects in the pomegranate juice group and 33 subjects in the placebo group dropped out before completing the study. Baseline variables in the 98 pomegranate juice and 102 placebo group subjects who completed the study did not differ significantly. Group by time interaction was statistically significant for BVMT-R Learning (F[2, 257]= 5.90, P  = 0.003; between-group effect size [ES] = 0.45): the change within the pomegranate group was not significant (ES = 0.15), whereas the placebo group showed a significant decline (ES = −0.35). Changes in the other BVMT-R scores as well as the SRT measures were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions Daily consumption of pomegranate juice may stabilize the ability to learn visual information over a 12-mo period. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02093130.

scholarly journals Polypharmacy is a risk factor for hospital admission due to a fall: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zaninotto ◽  
Y. T. Huang ◽  
G. Di Gessa ◽  
J. Abell ◽  
C. Lassale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

Abstract Background Falls amongst older people are common; however, around 40% of falls could be preventable. Medications are known to increase the risk of falls in older adults. The debate about reducing the number of prescribed medications remains controversial, and more evidence is needed to understand the relationship between polypharmacy and fall-related hospital admissions. We examined the effect of polypharmacy on hospitalization due to a fall, using a large nationally representative sample of older adults. Methods Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were used. We included 6220 participants aged 50+ with valid data collected between 2012 and 2018.The main outcome measure was hospital admission due to a fall. Polypharmacy -the number of long-term prescription drugs- was the main exposure coded as: no medications, 1–4 medications, 5–9 medications (polypharmacy) and 10+ medications (heightened polypharmacy). Competing-risk regression analysis was used (with death as a potential competing risk), adjusted for common confounders, including multi-morbidity and fall risk-increasing drugs. Results The prevalence of people admitted to hospital due to a fall increased according to the number of medications taken, from 1.5% of falls for people reporting no medications, to 4.7% of falls among those taking 1–4 medications, 7.9% of falls among those with polypharmacy and 14.8% among those reporting heightened polypharmacy. Fully adjusted SHRs for hospitalization due to a fall among people who reported taking 1–4 medications, polypharmacy and heightened polypharmacy were 1.79 (1.18; 2.71), 1.75 (1.04; 2.95), and 3.19 (1.61; 6.32) respectively, compared with people who were not taking medications. Conclusions The risk of hospitalization due to a fall increased with polypharmacy. It is suggested that prescriptions in older people should be revised on a regular basis, and that the number of medications prescribed be kept to a minimum, in order to reduce the risk of fall-related hospital admissions.

scholarly journals Increased urban greenness associated with improved mental health among middle-aged and older adults of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 112587
Author(s):  
Susanna Abraham Cottagiri ◽  
Paul J. Villeneuve ◽  
Parminder Raina ◽  
Lauren E. Griffith ◽  
Daniel Rainham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals AgingPLUS: Theoretical Background and Study Design of the Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
George Rebok ◽  
David Roth ◽  
Kaigang Li ◽  
Abigail Nehrkorn-Bailey ◽  
Diana Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Goal Planning

Abstract The AgingPLUS program targets three psychological mechanisms that are known barriers to middle-aged and older adults’ engagement in physical activity (PA): Negative views of Aging (NVOA), low self-efficacy beliefs, and poor goal planning skills. These risk factors are addressed in a 4-week intervention program that is compared to a generic health education program as the control group. Middle-aged and older adults (age 45-75 years) are enrolled in the trial for 8 months, with four assessment points: Baseline (pre-test), Week 4 (immediate post-test), Week 8 (delayed post-test), and Month 6 (long-term follow-up). The major outcome variables are participants’ engagement in PA as assessed via daily activity logs and actigraphs. Positive changes in NVOA, self-efficacy beliefs, and goal planning are the intervention targets and hypothesized mediating variables leading to increases in PA. This trial adopted the experimental medicine approach to assess the short- and long-term efficacy of the AgingPLUS program.

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