scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in disability in Europe: contribution of behavioral, work-related and living conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibiana Pérez-Hernández ◽  
Jose R Rubio-Valverde ◽  
Wilma J Nusselder ◽  
Johan P Mackenbach
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Pooled Data

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the existence of social inequalities in disability in many European countries. However, it is not clear what factors are associated with these inequalities. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of behavioral factors, work-related factors and living conditions to educational inequalities in disability. Methods We pooled data from the seventh wave of the European Social Survey (2014) which included self-reported disability measured with the Global Activity Limitations Indicator for 19 European countries. We used multivariate logistic regression to determine the contributions of behavioral factors, work-related and living conditions to educational inequalities in disability among respondents aged 30–79. Results We found that adjusting simultaneously for three groups of determinants (behavioral, work-related and living conditions) reduces the greatest proportion of inequalities in disability in both men and women, in a range >70%. Each group of determinants contributes substantially to explain inequalities in disability. Conclusions Inequalities in disability are a major challenge for public health in most European countries. Our findings suggest that these inequalities can be reduced by diminishing inequalities in exposure to well-known health determinants.

scholarly journals Social Determinants of Stroke as Related to Stress at Work among Working Women: A Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Toivanen
Keyword(s):  
Work Stress ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Specific Outcome ◽  
Stress At Work

In adult life, many of the social determinants of health are connected to working life. Yet, our knowledge of the role of work-related factors for the risk of stroke is fairly limited. In contemporary occupational health research, the Demand-Control Model (DCM) is frequently used to measure work stress. Previous literature reviews of the association of work stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD) do not include stroke as a specific outcome. Results regarding work stress and the risk of CVD are less evident in working women. With the focus on working women, the purpose of the present paper was to review the current research into the DCM in relation to stroke and to scrutinize potential gender differences. A literature search was performed and eight studies from three countries were identified. Based on the reviewed studies, there is some evidence that high psychological demands, low job control, and job strain are associated with increased stroke risk in women as well as in men. Any major reduction in deaths and disability from stroke is likely to come from decreasing social inequalities in health, and reducing work stress has a potential to contribute to a reduced risk of stroke in working populations.

De invloed van psychosociale en fysieke werkgerelateerde factoren op vroegpensioen in elf Europese landen

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan J.W. Robroek ◽  
Tilja I.J. Van den Berg ◽  
Alex Burdorf
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Early Exit ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Share Study

The role of work-related factors on early retirement in 11 European countries The role of work-related factors on early retirement in 11 European countries Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 24, November 2011, nr. 4, pp. 451-463.With the ageing population there is a need to increase work participation. The longitudinal ‘Survey on Health and Ageing in Europe’ (SHARE-study) makes it possible to identify possible predictors of early retirement. The hypothesis is that poor working conditions might predict early retirement. The SHARE-study contains data from 4,673 workers aged 50-60 year with paid employment at baseline and information on work status during the four-year follow-up. During the follow-up period 14% of the workers exited the workforce due to early retirement. A low educational level, excessive alcohol consumption, a reduced self-perceived health, and a lack of job control were the most important predictors of early retirement. Preventive interventions aimed to prevent health problems might contribute to the prevention of early exit from work.

Educational inequalities in general health: Does the curricular tracking system matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrijn Delaruelle ◽  
Mieke Van Houtte ◽  
Piet Bracke
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Educational Groups

Educational tracking amplifies social inequalities in a wide range of outcomes. From an institutional perspective, the current study examines whether this holds for educational disparities in general health. To investigate this question, we use information from the European Social Survey (Rounds 1–8: 2002–2016) for individuals between the ages of 18 and 45 years ( N = 99,771) in 22 European countries. The estimated three-level hierarchical models indicate that tracking is indeed associated with larger educational inequalities in overall health. Individuals who have attained vocational education fare worse in terms of general health than do individuals who have pursued academic qualifications. However, the strength of association is much higher in countries with highly tracked systems (e.g. Germany and Czech Republic) than it is in countries with more comprehensive systems (e.g. the United Kingdom and Scandinavian countries). This result suggests that health inequalities between educational groups can be reduced by reorganizing secondary educational systems.

scholarly journals Sense of Coherence in Nurses: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Michele Masanotti ◽  
Silvia Paolucci ◽  
Elia Abbafati ◽  
Claudio Serratore ◽  
Michela Caricato
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Individual Variables

Background: Nurses experience high levels of distress due to the nature of their work and workplaces; Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory shows that individual and work-related factors can influence human health. The aim of this paper is to analyze the possible correlations with different work-related and individual variables, which influence or are influenced by Sense of Coherence (SOC) and verify the possible use of SOC scales to prevent negative health determinants in workplaces. Methods: Electronic databases were searched with selected studies compared for sample, sample size, study design and basic results. Cross-sectional studies were reviewed for correlations between individual physical and mental health, distress, burnout, job satisfaction and SOC, with intervention studies used to assess the possible impact of training on nurses’ SOC. Results: The review found several correlations between SOC and different work-related variables; but also with several individual characteristics. Conclusion: The review found that SOC was predictor of depressive state, burnout, job dissatisfaction among female nurses; therefore, SOC could be a health promoting resource.

scholarly journals Employees’ Satisfaction with the Balance Between Work and Leisure in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark - Time Use Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Minna Ylikännö
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

This study aims at investigating the level of satisfaction with the allocation of time between work and leisure, and possible explaining factors, among the employed in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Using the European Social Survey (ESS) Round 3 data from 2006, it is possible to make competent quantitative comparisons between the Nordic countries (excluding Island which did not participate in the ESS data collection). Multilevel modelling (GLM) was used for data analyses. Only those respondents to the ESS survey who were currently employed were included in the analysis. The results show that the Danish employees are the most satisfied and the Swedish employees the least satisfied with the division of time between work and other aspects of life. In all the four countries, work-related rather than family-related or other leisure-oriented factors predicted the level of satisfaction. Socio-economic and family-related factors predicted satisfaction at the country level, but did not account for common explanatory factors. However, it may be that those who are potentially the most dissatisfied due to difficulties in combining work and family are not at work at all, and thus not involved in the study. The observed differences between the countries are discussed in the present article. To conclude from the results of this study, poor work content reduces temporal commitment to work, and accordingly, time use as a central element of individual well-being should not be ignored.

Critical Review on Suicide Among Nurses

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Alderson ◽  
Xavier Parent-Rocheleau ◽  
Brian Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Research shows that there is a high prevalence of suicide among nurses. Despite this, it has been 15 years since the last literature review on the subject was published. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the knowledge currently available on the risk of suicide among nurses and on contributory risk factors. Method: A search was conducted in electronic databases using keywords related to prevalence and risk factors of suicide among nurses. The abstracts were analyzed by reviewers according to selection criteria. Selected articles were submitted to a full-text review and their key elements were summarized. Results: Only nine articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The results of this literature review highlight both the troubling high prevalence of suicide among nurses as well as the persistent lack of studies that examine this issue. Conclusion: Considering that the effects of several factors related to nurses' work and work settings are associated with high stress, distress, or psychiatric problems, we highlight the relevance of investigating work-related factors associated with nurses' risk of suicide. Several avenues for future studies are discussed as well as possible research methods.

Relationship of Sense of Coherence to Other Psychosocial Indices

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Holmberg ◽  
Anders Thelin ◽  
Eva-Lena Stiernström
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
The Mean

Summary: The concept of “sense of coherence” (SOC) has been widely recognized since it was first introduced by Antonovsky. The originality and usefulness of the SOC scale and its relation to other psychosocial measures has been the subject of lively debate. The aim of this paper was to test for associations between SOC and work-related psychosocial factors (mainly the Job Demand-Control model), general living conditions, education, and social network factors. Cross-sectional data from a population-based sample of 1782 rural males from nine counties in Sweden were analyzed with a multiple regression technique. The subjects were occupationally active at inclusion and the mean age was 50 years (range 40-60). SOC was assessed with the original 29-item questionnaire. Psychosocial variables and lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires and structured interviews. The mean SOC among the subjects was 152.3 (standard deviation, 19.4). A strong negative correlation was found between SOC and job demand, whereas a positive correlation with job control was demonstrated. A positive correlation with general living conditions and with social support was also found. However, there was no correlation to education and occupation. Thus, SOC was shown to be strongly correlated to work-related psychosocial factors and social support, but independent of sociodemographic factors.

Association of demographic and work-related factors with psychological distress among oil workers in Kuwait

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Al-Adsani ◽  
K. Khudadah ◽  
H. Ali ◽  
O. Booz ◽  
M. Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Oil Workers

Openness and Self-enhancement are predictors of cultural and economic beliefs: an analysis of European countries across 15 years

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Czarnek ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we investigate the relationship between values and political beliefs and how it varies as a function of cultural context and time. In particular, we analyzed the effects of Conservation vs. Openness to change and Self-transcendence vs. Self-enhancement for cultural and economic political beliefs using data from nationally representative samples of citizens from 34 European countries from eight rounds of the European Social Survey (data spans the 2002–2016 period). We found that the effects of values on political beliefs are moderated by the Western vs. Eastern cultural context and that there is a modest round-to-round variation in the effects of values on beliefs. The relationship between Openness and cultural beliefs was negative and largely consistent across the Western and Eastern countries. Similarly, the effects of Self-enhancement were positive across these Western and Eastern countries. In contrast, the effects of Openness on economic beliefs were positive for the Eastern countries but largely weak and inconsistent for the Western countries. Finally, the effects of Self-enhancement on cultural beliefs are weak for both cultural contexts.

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