scholarly journals The importance of relationships in adolescent risk behaviour prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Cooper ◽  
M Lhussier
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Multiple Health

Abstract Health risk behaviours are a key contributing factor to adolescent morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, evidence shows that health behaviours begun in adolescence can impact on wellbeing across the lifespan. Current evidence suggests it is advantageous to target multiple health risk behaviours simultaneously, however efficacy testing remains the key focal point for research, with few studies exploring common underlying causal and contextual factors which may contribute to the success or failure of a programme. Methods This review used a customised realist approach, to explore how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances programmes are most successful in preventing multiple health risk behaviours in adolescents. The review synthesised evidence from published literature, along with qualitative data from stakeholders collected through focus groups with young people (n = 28) and school nurses (n = 22), and interviews with adolescent health and wellbeing practitioners (n = 8). Findings: Across all the realist programme theories developed, the role of relationships was the most commonly occurring theme. This theme goes beyond the expected impact of the relationship between programme deliverers and recipients, and familial and peer attachments, also taking in to consideration the relationships between programme and school leaders and staff, support networks and collaborative relationships between staff, and wider social connectedness within the community. These in turn were impacted upon by wider contextual factors, such as family, community, culture, socioeconomic status, intersectionality, and health inequalities. Conclusions These findings provide important insight in to understanding how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances multiple risk behaviour prevention programmes succeed or fail. Further to this they highlight key areas for consideration in the development of future adolescent public health interventions. Key messages Relationships built on trust and genuine care can improve adolescent risk behaviour prevention outcomes. Broader sociocultural context provide key explanations for variations in programme outcomes.

Tobacco use and associated health risk behaviours among university students in 27 countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Dietary Risk ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

AbstractBackgroundEvidence of the relationship between tobacco use and multiple health risk behaviours is limited.ObjectivesThe study aimed to investigate the relationship between tobacco use and health risk behaviours in university students across different cultures.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study the sample included 23,396 university students from 27 countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas.ResultsIndicate that 5.8 and 5.5% were daily and not daily tobacco users, respectively. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, less than daily and/or daily tobacco use was associated with nutrition and dietary risk behaviour (overweight or obesity, high sodium consumption, rarely or never having breakfast and not avoiding fat and cholesterol), addictive behaviour (binge drinking, drug use, and gambling), sleep risk behaviours (long sleep, poor sleep quality and restless sleep) and other health risk behaviour (having been in a physical fight, inadequate tooth brushing, and multiple sexual partners in the past year).ConclusionsCompared to non-tobacco users, less than daily and/or daily tobacco users had significantly higher overweight or obesity, dietary risk behaviour, addictive behaviour, sleep risk behaviours and other health risk behaviour. These associations may be taken into account in health promotion strategies targeting multiple health compromising behaviours.

Health risk behaviour is associated with psychological distress among school-going adolescents in five association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviour ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Multiple Health

AbstractObjectivesThis investigation aimed to study associations between multiple health risk behaviour and psychological distress among in-school adolescents in five association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.MethodsCross-sectional data from the 2015 “Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS)” included 33,184 students (mean age 14.3 years, standard deviation (SD) = 1.6 years) that were representative of all students in middle school students in Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand and Timor-Leste.ResultsThe mean prevalence of health risk behaviours was 3.1 (SD = 1.2) (range 0–8), and the prevalence of single psychological distress was 14.6% and multiple psychological distress 8.6%. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, engaging in a greater number of health risk behaviours, being female, older age, food insecurity (experience of hunger) were positively and parental or guardian support and school attendance were negatively associated with both single and multiple psychological distress.ConclusionsThis study confirms that the co-occurrence of multiple health risk behaviours is associated with psychological distress among adolescents, which should be considered when designing intervention programmes in this population.

scholarly journals Gender differences in the prevalence and clustering of multiple health risk behaviours in young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 2098-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kritsotakis ◽  
Maria Psarrou ◽  
Maria Vassilaki ◽  
Zacharenia Androulaki ◽  
Anastas E. Philalithis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Multiple Health

General Practitioners as Agents of Health Risk Behaviour Change: Opportunities for Behavioural Science in Patient Smoking Cessation

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Wiggers ◽  
Rob Sanson-Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Patient Health

General practitioners have been suggested as occupying a position in the community that offers considerable potential for reducing the prevalence of health risk behaviours. Green, Eriksen, and Schor (1988) have proposed that if general practitioners are to effectively adopt a role in modifying patient health risk behaviours, a number of prerequisite conditions must be met. Using the model proposed by Green et al., this paper reviews the literature to describe the circumstances under which general practitioners currently practise this role. The review focuses on the circumstances relating to practitioner modification of one patient health risk behaviour: smoking. Research detailing the extent of practitioner involvement in the modification of this risk behaviour is also reviewed. The paper concludes by discussing the opportunities available for behavioural scientists to facilitate general practitioners' adoption of a role in patient smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Can We Reverse this Trend? Exploring Health and Risk Behaviours of Grade 12 Cohorts of Ontario Students from 2013–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3109
Author(s):  
Adam G. Cole ◽  
Rachel E. Laxer ◽  
Karen A. Patte ◽  
Scott T. Leatherdale
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
School Day ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Multidimensional Health ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Inadequate Sleep ◽  
Over Time

Adolescents engage in multiple health risk behaviours that put them at risk of future chronic disease. By the time students graduate from secondary school, they may be engaging in behaviours that set them on a particular health trajectory. It is important to monitor the co-occurrence of health risk behaviours of cohorts of grade 12 students over time to highlight important areas for intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in health and risk behaviours over six waves among subsequent cohorts of grade twelve students from Ontario, Canada. A total of 44,740 grade 12 students participated in the COMPASS study across the six waves (2013/14 to 2018/19), and self-reported movement (physical activity, screen time, sleep), dietary (fruit and vegetables, breakfast), and substance use (smoking, vaping, binge drinking, and cannabis use) behaviours. Over 91.0% of students reported engaging in three or more health risk behaviours, with increases in the number of students reporting inadequate sleep, not eating breakfast on every school day, and vaping over time. Although modest, the wave 6 cohort reported slightly more risk behaviours compared with the wave 1 cohort, highlighting the importance of multidimensional health promotion strategies across multiple settings.

scholarly journals Rethinking adolescent risk-taking: Perception of social risk impacts expected involvement in health-risk behaviour during adolescence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack L Andrews ◽  
Kathryn L. Mills ◽  
John Coleman Flournoy ◽  
Jessica Flannery ◽  
Arian Mobasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviour ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours

During adolescence the prevalence of certain health risk behaviours, such as binge drinking and illicit substance use, increases. Engagement in these behaviours has been attributed to immature self-regulation, heightened sensation seeking, and peer influence during adolescence. However, more recently, adolescence has been characterised as a time of risk sensitivity rather than universal increases in health-risk behaviour. For example, the extent to which individuals engage in health-risk behaviours may relate to their sensitivity to the social risk involved in engaging in the health-risk behaviour. In the present study we examined how individual differences in social risk perception relate to an individual’s expectation of future involvement in risky behaviour during adolescence. One hundred and twenty-two participants (ages 11-17, mean 14 years) reported their expected involvement in a number of risk behaviours and degree to which they thought a) engaging in these behaviours would make people like them more, and b) not engaging in these behaviours would make people like them less. Social risk perception was operationalised as the perceived social benefit gained from engaging in a risk behaviour, from low (people would like you less), to high (people would like you more). We used linear mixed effects modelling to assess the contribution of social risk perception in predicting individuals expected involvement in health risk behaviours. We found that adolescents who perceived the social benefit associated with engaging in a risk behaviour to be high were more likely to report higher expected involvement in said behaviour. This was true for illicit substance use, aggressive and illegal behaviours, and risky drinking, but not for risky sex. Adolescents who reported a higher degree of peer victimisation showed a stronger relationship between the perceived social benefit of engaging in, and expected involvement in, these risk behaviours. Further, perceived social benefit moderated the relationship between sensation seeking and expected involvement in risky behaviours. Taken together, these data suggest that, across a number of health risking behaviours, adolescents incorporate perceptions of social risk when making decisions regarding their expected involvement. We argue that future investigations of adolescent health risking behaviours should incorporate social risk.

scholarly journals Suicide and related health risk behaviours among school learners in South Africa: results from the 2002 and 2008 national youth risk behaviour surveys

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda N Shilubane ◽  
Robert AC Ruiter ◽  
Bart van den Borne ◽  
Ronel Sewpaul ◽  
Shamagonam James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours
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