scholarly journals Exploring the hydrolytic potential of cultured halophilic bacteria isolated from the Atacama Desert

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ruginescu ◽  
Cristina Purcărea ◽  
Cristina Dorador ◽  
Paris Lavin ◽  
Roxana Cojoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Extremophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Biological Sources

ABSTRACT Considering that most industrial processes are carried out under harsh physicochemical conditions, which would inactivate enzymes from commonly isolated mesophilic organisms, current studies are geared toward the identification of extremophilic microorganisms producing enzymes resistant to extreme salt concentrations, temperature and pH. Among the extremophiles, halophilic microorganisms are an important source of salt-tolerant enzymes that can be used in varying biotechnological applications. In this context, the aim of the present work was to isolate and identify halophiles producing hydrolases from the Atacama Desert, one of the harshest environments on Earth. Isolates were recovered from halite samples and screened for the presence of seven different hydrolase activities (amylase, caseinase, gelatinase, lipase, pectinase, cellulase and inulinase) using agar plate-based assays. From a total of 23 halophilic bacterial isolates, most showed lipolytic (19 strains) and pectinolytic (11 strains) activities. The molecular identification of eight selected isolates showed a strong similarity to members of the Halomonas and Idiomarina genera. Therefore, the present study represents a preliminary, but essential, step to identify novel biological sources of extremozymes in an environment once thought to be devoid of life.

scholarly journals Halophilic Bacteria of Lunsu Produce an Array of Industrially Important Enzymes with Salt Tolerant Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Gupta ◽  
Parul Sharma ◽  
Kamal Dev ◽  
Anuradha Sourirajan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Extracellular Protease ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Extracellular Amylase ◽  
Glutaminase Activity ◽  
Optimum Ph And Temperature

The halophilic bacterial isolates SS1, SS2, SS3, SS5, and SS8 were characterized for production of industrially important enzymes like amylase, protease, lipase, and glutaminase. Halophilic bacterial isolates SS1 and SS3 exhibited salt dependent extracellular amylase and protease activities. Both the halophilic isolates SS1 and SS3 exhibited maximum amylase and protease activities in the presence of 1.5 and 1.0 M NaCl, respectively, with the optimum pH 8 and temperature 40°C. SS2 showed maximum extracellular protease and lipase activities in the presence of 0.75 M NaCl, at optimum pH of 7, and temperature 37°C. The glutaminase activity of SS3 increased with increase in concentration of NaCl up to 2.5 M. The optimum pH and temperature for L-glutaminase activity of SS3 was 8 and 40°C, respectively. The combined hydrolytic activities of these halophilic bacterial isolates can be used for bioconversion of organic materials to useful products.

Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Degrading Bacteria of Termite Gut from North Eastern Region of India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
Sonika Sharma ◽  
Soumya Chatterjee ◽  
Sibnarayan Datta ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Prasad ◽  
Angkita Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
North East ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Termite Gut

A study was conducted to screen and isolate cellulase producing bacteria of termite gut from North east region of India. A total of 27 culturable bacterial isolates were screened for cellulase production. Out of the 27 bacterial isolates 11 showed zone of clearance on CMC agar media on staining with 1% Congo red, suggesting potential cellulose degrading activity. The maximum hydrolysis capacities (HC value) on CMC agar plate was found within the range of 3.6 to 40mm. The morphological characterization and gram staining of the positive isolates indicated that 3 isolates were positively stained rods and others were negative cocci. All the cellulase positive isolates were also tested for carbohydrate utilization with maltose, dextrose and fructose, to which all the 11 isolates responded positively. Further, based on the amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genetic region, isolates were identified as member of the genus Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Staphylococcus. The degrading potential of these bacteria were assessed by developing bacterial consortium and efficient degradation was reported after seven days of incubation with different cellulose source like rice, cotton and rice husk.

scholarly journals Small but Smart: On the Diverse Role of Small Proteins in the Regulation of Cyanobacterial Metabolism

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Fabian Brandenburg ◽  
Stephan Klähn
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Metabolic Fluxes ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
Small Proteins

Over the past few decades, bioengineered cyanobacteria have become a major focus of research for the production of energy carriers and high value chemical compounds. Besides improvements in cultivation routines and reactor technology, the integral understanding of the regulation of metabolic fluxes is the key to designing production strains that are able to compete with established industrial processes. In cyanobacteria, many enzymes and metabolic pathways are regulated differently compared to other bacteria. For instance, while glutamine synthetase in proteobacteria is mainly regulated by covalent enzyme modifications, the same enzyme in cyanobacteria is controlled by the interaction with unique small proteins. Other prominent examples, such as the small protein CP12 which controls the Calvin–Benson cycle, indicate that the regulation of enzymes and/or pathways via the attachment of small proteins might be a widespread mechanism in cyanobacteria. Accordingly, this review highlights the diverse role of small proteins in the control of cyanobacterial metabolism, focusing on well-studied examples as well as those most recently described. Moreover, it will discuss their potential to implement metabolic engineering strategies in order to make cyanobacteria more definable for biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals The Biotechnological Potentials of Bacteria Isolated from Parsık Cave, Turkey : Measuring the enzyme profiles, antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial activity in bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-479
Author(s):  
Begüm Çandiroğlu ◽  
Nihal Doğruöz Güngör
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Aminopeptidase Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Cave Ecosystems ◽  
Metabolic Properties

Since cave ecosystems have extraordinary environmental conditions, these ecosystems offer opportunities for microbiological studies. In this study, cultivable bacteria isolated from Parsık cave, Turkey, were investigated regarding enzyme profiles, antibiotic resistance and potential for production of antimicrobial agents. The metabolic properties of 321 bacterial isolates were determined. The most produced enzyme by the isolates was found to be tyrosine arylamidase. The enzymatic reactions of the bacteria showed that Parsık cave isolates have high aminopeptidase activity. The highest antibiotic resistance frequency of the isolates was 38.6% against ampicillin. While the isolates displayed variable inhibition rates against tested pathogenic microorganisms, they showed the highest inhibition against Candida albicans. The results show that the bacteria isolated from Parsık cave have potential for further studies related to biotechnological applications. The study findings contribute increased knowledge on metabolic peculiarities of bacteria isolated from cave ecosystems.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Blood Culture among HIV/AIDS Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohabaw Jemal ◽  
Teshiwal Deress ◽  
Teshome Belachew ◽  
Yesuf Adem
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is recognized as a global public health problem. Bloodstream infection with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in HIV/AIDS patients makes the problem more challenging. So, regular and periodic diagnosis and use of the appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern determination is the only option for decreasing the prevalence and development of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 HIV/AIDS patients. Sociodemographic data of patients were recorded using structured questionnaires. Blood cultures were collected with BACTEC aerobic blood culture bottles. A pair of samples was collected from each patient aseptically and incubated at 37°. If samples are positive for bacterial agents, they were subcultured to solid media such as blood agar plate, chocolate agar plate, and MacConkey agar plates. Identification was performed using colony characteristics and standard biochemical techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Data entry and analysis were performed while using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were performed to calculate frequencies. Results. Altogether, 384 patients were included, and 123 blood cultures were positive, so that the yield was thus 32%. About 46 (37.4%) of Gram-negative and 77 (62.6%) of Gram-positive bacterial species were identified. Among Gram-negative bacterial isolates, K. pneumoniae was the leading pathogen, 19 (41.3%), whereas S. aureus, 38 (49.4%), was predominant among Gram-positive isolates. In his study, the majority of Gram-positive isolates showed high level of resistance to penicillin, 72 (95.5%), tetracycline, 55 (71.4%), and cotrimoxazole, 45 (58.4%). About 28 (73.6%) of S. aureus isolates were also methicillin-resistant. Gram-negative bacterial isolates also showed a high resistance to ampicillin (91.3%), tetracycline (91.3%), and gentamicin (47.8%). Overall, about 78% of multidrug resistance was observed. Conclusion. Several pathogens were resistant to greater than five antimicrobial agents, so that proper management of patients with bacteremia is needed, and a careful selection of effective antibiotics should be practiced.

scholarly journals Proteins from extremophiles as stable tools for advanced biotechnological applications of high social interest

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella de Champdoré ◽  
Maria Staiano ◽  
Mosè Rossi ◽  
Sabato D'Auria
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Micro Organisms

Extremophiles are micro-organisms adapted to survive in ecological niches defined as ‘extreme’ for humans and characterized by the presence of adverse environmental conditions, such as high or low temperatures, extreme values of pH, high salt concentrations or high pressure. Biomolecules isolated from extremophiles possess extraordinary properties and, in particular, proteins isolated from extremophiles represent unique biomolecules that function under severe conditions, comparable to those prevailing in various industrial processes. In this article, we will review some examples of recent applications of thermophilic proteins for the development of a new class of fluorescence non-consuming substrate biosensors for monitoring the levels of two analytes of high social interest, such as glucose and sodium.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria Indigenous to Al-Ahsa Desert

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2157-2163
Author(s):  
Ahmed Anwar Al-Mulla ◽  
Ashraf Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Thermostable Enzymes ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Deciphering the biological resources across the Saudi niches is highly recommended for the prosperity. To this end, the aim of the current work was to isolate thermophilic bacteria from unexplored areas of Al-Ahsa region, and investigate their phenotypic characteristics. Three soil samples were collected from different desert sites of Al-Ahsa region. Thermophilic bacteria were isolated directly for soil samples into Thermus medium broth as a standard method. Single colonies of the actively growing bacterial isolates were preserved in 20% glycerol then kept at -80°C. The isolates were screened for production of thermostable enzymes using the commercially available kit API20E strip (bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). Incubation were carried out at 50°C. It can be concluded that thermophilic bacteria in Al-Ahsa region harbor novel thermostable enzymes that might have biotechnological applications, in future.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Some Selected Bacterial Isolates from Vegetable Oil Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
B. M. Popoola ◽  
A. A. Olanbiwoninu
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Activity Increase

Microbial lipases occupy a place of prominence among biocatalysts and are often used for various biotechnological applications. Because of huge variation in applications, the availability of lipases with specific characteristics is still a limiting factor. There is therefore need for extensive characterisation of lipase for various applications. This work was carried out to characterise lipases from some selected bacterial isolates. Isolates identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas cepacia Pseudomonas fluorescens, Alcaligenes sp. and Flavobacterium sp. from a vegetable oil contaminated soil were characterized. Temperature, pH and ion concentration, (NaNO3 and MgSO4), incubation time, agitation speed, carbon sources and nitrogen sources were optimised for growth and lipase activity. Increase in microbial growth does not necessarily suggest increase in lipolytic activity as generally observed from this study.  Temperature, pH, incubation time and agitation speed which had optimum enzyme activities for crude enzyme of Pseudomonas fluorescens (0.8 U/mL), were 27 oC, 7.0, 24 h, and 0 rpm respectively. Growth was not generally supported by AgN03 in all the organisms selected but supported by KNO3. However MgSO4 generally supported lipase production. Olive oil and peptone as sources of carbon and nitrogen respectively supported both growth and lipase production in the selected organisms. These bacterial isolates characterized had lipolytic activities, hence they have high potential for various biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals Screening and Isolation of Lipase Producing Fungi from Marine Water Obtained from Machilipatnam Costal Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suseela Lanka ◽  
Tabitha Trinkle B.
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Extracellular Lipase ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Lipolytic Microorganisms

The marine environment is highly susceptible to pollution by oil spillages and hence become an importance source for screening potential lipolytic microorganisms capable of degrading hydrocarbons. In addition to their salt tolerance, enzymes from halophiles can withstand and carry out reactions very much efficiently under extreme operational conditions encountered in industrial processes. In the present investigation, an extracellular lipase producing fungal organisms were screened and isolated from marine water samples collected from Manginapudi beach at Machilipatnam, Krishna district, A.P. India. Among 15 species of fungi isolated, 5 dominant fungi were selected to study their lipase producing activity. The extracellular lipase secreted in to the minimal salt broth was assayed both by qualitative screening method such as phenol red agar plate method and quantitative titrimetric method. Of the 5 dominant fungal isolates, Engyodontium sp. was found to produce maximum lipase, 7.2 U/mL compared to other fungal members. Since there is growing demand for lipases, rapid and persistent screening for microorganisms will open new insights for novel enzymes to be used for various synthetic processes and as well provides faster ways to solve many environmental problems. The present study gains its importance in view of this.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document