Safety and attention of passengers, with disabilities, who travel by train

In this work, within the business world, two fields of great social interest are related. In particular, it will talk about corporate Safety & Security (S&S) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The importance of S&S in a service company will be analyzed, while some of the actions that these companies can take to increase their CSR will be studied. Specifically, the study will focus on trying to offer some recommendations, to help ensure that train travel is safer and more enjoyable for passengers who suffer from a disability. From what has been said previously, the objective of this work can be stated as: present some actions, so that the trip by train, of passengers with some disability, is safer and more pleasant. To achieve this objective and the secondary objectives that may be generated, the Integrated-Adaptable Methodology for the development of Decision Support System will be followed, which, it has been shown, is very useful in investigations similar to this.

Założenie nadrzędności interesu społecznego nad interesem jednostkowym w planowaniu przestrzennym jako przejaw autorytarnych tendencji prawodawcy w ustawie z dnia 12 lipca 1984 roku o planowaniu przestrzennym

The Act of 12 July 1984 on Spatial Planning ensured the primacy of social interest over individual interest. This superiority was a manifestation of the authoritarian tendencies of the legislator. The normative measures ensuring this supremacy were the principle of planned development and the linking of spatial development plans with social and economic plans.

Sustainability and Social Interest Housing

The article describes the concepts of sustainability in a historical view of the subject. The text assesses the evolution of the Minha Casa Minha Vida program (MCMV) and its relevant production for Social Interest Housing (HIS) in Brazil in this century. The research also lists the impacts of sustainable practices applied to that program. In the methodology, consultations in secondary sources (books, articles and theses) and the research of documents from the state, municipal and federal spheres stand out. This analysis of these documents is responsible for a more precise investigation on the subject. The conclusions highlight how the concept of sustainability applied to housing programs can generate increasingly higher standards of housing, suitable for the target audience.

INDIVIDUALITY AND SOCIAL INTERESTS IN AHMAD FUADI'S 'ANAK RANTAU' (AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITICISM)

This study aims to know and analyze the theory of individuality and social interest based on Alfred Adler's perspective on the main character in the novel Anak Rantau written by Ahmad Fuadi. The approach in question is related to the personality psychology of the main character, which is known from the storyline. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative based on literature review. The result of this research is that the main character in the novel reflects the theoretical principles in their attitudes, behavior, decisions, and speech acts. The individuality of the main character can be seen from the awareness of his past attitudes, his characteristics that are not easily afraid, and his efforts to compensate for his inferiority. Meanwhile, the social interests of the main character develop in line with the long process in the village community.

Urban Planning and Residential Segregation in Brazil—The Failure of the “Special Zone of Social Interest” Instrument in Londrina City (PR)

The objective of this analysis is linked to the discussion of urban residential segregation marked by the Brazilian urban land structure and perpetuated by urban planning instruments at the municipal level. The spatial focus of the study is the municipality of Londrina (state of Paraná/Brazil). We aimed to analyze the relationship between urban zoning and the dynamics of residential segregation, unfolding two foci: verify to what extent the objectives presented in the municipal instrument translate the objectives of the instrument at the federal level (the City Statute–CE) and the national program “My Home, My Life” aimed to provide housing to socially vulnerable populations; the second focus, aims to assess how the planning instrument—the Special Zone of Social Interest (ZEIS), contemplated in the Land Use and Occupation Law and in the Municipal Master Plan of Londrina (PDPML, 2008)—materializes in practice the objectives of promoting equity in access to housing. The results show that although the objectives defined at the federal level are transposed to the municipal level, demonstrating a theoretical coherence between the instruments, there are flaws in their implementation. The case study results show that the urban zoning of Londrina has as a guideline a segregationist territorial ordering, leading to a residential segregation of the population with low purchasing power. On the other hand, the planning instrument that could change this reality is the ZEIS that, on the contrary, reinforced social housing in the periphery, conditioning the right to the city and perpetuating the social vulnerability of disadvantaged groups, in a process common to other Brazilian cities. Such constraints make relevant the establishment of land reserves for social housing based on clear roles of a social and functional mix, reinforced by the combat of vacant spaces and the definition of minimal housing and infrastructure densities to allow urban occupation.

Análise comparativa entre o sistema contrutivo concreto pvc e alvenaria convencional utilizadas em construções de habitações de interesse social / Comparative analysis between the concrete pvc concrete system and conventional masonry used in construction of housing of social interest

As condições habitacionais precárias do Brasil se encontram em situação alarmante há anos, apresentando dados de déficit habitacional cada vez mais crescente, seja por condições inadequadas de moradias, por localização em zonas de risco, por famílias de baixa renda que tem que pagar aluguel e até mesmo por pessoas que se instalam nas ruas dos centros urbanos. A alta demanda decorrente desse problema social requer a utilização de sistemas construtivos eficientes, produtivos, econômicos, seguros, duráveis e racionalizados, como é o caso de sistemas industrializados, como o concreto PVC, que apresenta uma produtividade oito vezes maior que o método convencional. O objetivo desse estudo é realizar um comparativo entre o método de construção convencional e o Concreto PVC como potenciais técnicas para aplicação nesse tipo de habitação. O estudo possui abordagem qualitativa do tipo aplicada exploratória, sendo realizada através de pesquisa bibliográfica, onde foram reunidas informações sobre ambos os métodos e apresentados de forma comparativa. Os dados coletados foram analisados através da fundamentação teórica apresentada, permitindo a comparação indutiva dos sistemas analisados para aplicação em HIS. A análise verificou que o concreto PVC oferece todas as características essenciais para construção de HIS, apresentando maiores benefícios que o método tradicionalmente utilizado, a alvenaria comum, podendo ser considerada ideal para esse tipo de utilização.

STATUTORY OF LIMITATION FOR JUVENILE IMPRISONMENT

Statutory limitation is the base that leads to the expiration of a criminal sanction after a certain period of time. Since the statute of limitation is determined by the state through legal regulations, it means that in the end it represents a complete waiver of the state's right to punish due to the passage of time. Statute of limitation is given to a public, general social interest. When it comes to criminal sanctions against minors, then we say that educational measures do not become obsolete due to the expiration of a certain period of time from the finality of the decision on their imposition, which corresponds to the nature, character, content and purpose of this type of criminal sanctions. Then the following institutes are applied: a) suspension of execution and replacement of the imposed educational measure with another educational measure (Article 24 of the ZOMUKD) and b) re-decision on educational measures (Article 25 of the ZOMUKD). When it comes to an older juvenile who has been sentenced to juvenile imprisonment for a serious crime, the statute of limitation for the execution of that sentence is defined in the Article 33 of the ZOMUKD.

Comparative Study Between the Management Models of Social Housing Programs: SAV-BID and SIV, of the Province of Azuay Between the Years 2010 - 2020

The creation of management models for the construction of Social Interest Houses in the province of Azuay has been one of the relevant actions to mitigate the existing housing deficit in the territory in the last ten years. Within this period, two management models have played a leading role: the SAV-BID National Social Housing Program and the SIV National Social Housing Program. Models created and promoted by the Ecuadorian State, with the help of various actors, that try to correct the housing problems present in the vulnerable socioeconomic strata of the country. With this background, a comparative study of the management models applied in Ecuador is proposed, through which the similarities and differences between each of them are evidenced, as well as the potentialities and weaknesses that have characterized them, both in their management as in your application. The study begins with a referential framework, where central issues are considered such as: characterization of the concept of Social Interest Housing, housing deficit in Ecuador, and the essential components required for the design and implementation of a housing management model, with the purpose to define and understand the context of the investigation. For the development of the study, a qualitative methodology is proposed, which uses a deductive-inductive system; where dimensions, sub-dimensions and variables are raised in order to approach the study of management models from the general to the particular. The dimensions are defined as the great considerations and aspects that determine the models; The subdimensions are the analysis components where the results of the execution and application of the models are produced, and the variables are made up of the unique aspects or particularities of the study. The results show similarities in the planning and structuring of the two models. However, there are differences in the source of financing and in the characteristics and obligations of the project stakeholders. The study concludes that there are some differences that have allowed the SAV BID National Housing Program management model to generate greater production of Social Interest Housing. These differences are closely related to the active and continuous participation of the managers or home builders, a fundamental aspect that has allowed the success of the projects developed through this management model.