Fall-related Injuries Mediate the Relationship between Self-Reported Hearing Loss and Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjuan Xu ◽  
Melissa D Newell ◽  
Alexander L Francis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hearing Problems

Abstract Background Hearing loss is associated with a greater risk of death in older adults. This relationship has been attributed to an increased risk of injury, particularly due to falling, in individuals with hearing loss. However, the link between hearing loss and mortality across the lifespan is less clear. Methods We used structural equation modeling and mediation analysis to investigate the relationship between hearing loss, falling, injury, and mortality across the adult lifespan in public-use data from the National Health Interview Survey and the National Death Index. We examined 1) the association between self-reported hearing problems and later mortality, 2) the associations between self-reported hearing problems and the risk of injury and degree and type of injury, 3) the mediating role of falling and injury in the association between self-reported hearing problems and mortality, and 4) whether these relationships differ in young (18-39), middle-aged (40-59) and older (60+) age groups. Results In all three age ranges, those reporting hearing problems were more likely to fall, were more likely to sustain an injury, and were more likely to sustain a serious injury, than those not reporting hearing problems. While there was no significant association between hearing loss and mortality in the youngest category, there was for middle-aged and older participants and for both fall-related injury was a significant mediator in this relationship. Conclusions Fall-related injury mediates the relationship between hearing loss and mortality for middle-aged as well as older adults, suggesting a need for further research into mechanisms and remediation.

Modeling Longitudinal Relationships Between Habit and Physical Activity: Two Cross-Lagged Panel Design Studies in Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob J.H. van Bree ◽  
Catherine Bolman ◽  
Aart N. Mudde ◽  
Maartje M. van Stralen ◽  
Denise A. Peels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

These longitudinal studies in older adults targeted mediated relationships between habit and physical activity (PA). In The Netherlands two independent studies were conducted among 1976 (Study 1: Mage = 63.63, SD = 8.66, 30% functional limitations) and 2140 (Study 2: Mage = 62.75, SD = 8.57, 45% functional limitations) adults aged 50 years or older. Cross-lagged panel designs were applied to examine whether habit mediates the relationship between prior and later PA and whether PA simultaneously mediates the relationship between prior and later habit. Data on habit and PA were collected by means of questionnaires at baseline (t0) and at 6 (t1) and 12 (t2) months after baseline measurement. Results of structural equation modeling analyses were not unambiguous. Indications for the existence of both hypothesized mediation effects were found, but no clear, unequivocal pattern appeared. Somewhat more support was found for the PA-habit-PA path than for the habit-PA-habit path. More research is needed to draw more definitive conclusions.

Assessing Longitudinal Invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulubrhan F. Mogos ◽  
Jason W. Beckstead ◽  
Kevin E. Kip ◽  
Mary E. Evans ◽  
Roger A. Boothroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Partial Invariance ◽  
Best Fitting

Background and Purpose: The longitudinal invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale among middle-aged and older adults is unknown. This study examined the factorial invariance of the CES-D scale in a large cohort of community-based adults longitudinally. Methods: 1,204 participants completed the 20-item CES-D scale at 4 time points 1 year apart. Structural equation modeling was used to identify best fitting model using longitudinal data at baseline and at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up. Results: The 4-factor model showed partial invariance over 3 years. Two of the 6 noninvariant items were consistently noninvariant at the 3 follow-up points. Conclusion: Special consideration should be given to these 2 items when using the CES-D scale in healthy adults (45–75 years old).

scholarly journals Migration Status, Internet Use, and Social Participation among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: Consequences for Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 6007
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Haimin Pan ◽  
Yuanyuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Migration Status

This study aimed to examine the underlying relationship between migration status and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China. Data were derived from three waves of panel data (2011, 2013, and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Two-level regression models and generalized structural equation modeling were run to fit the data. The results showed that migration status of the respondents could ameliorate their depression (β = −0.02, p < 0.01), so did internet use (β = −0.02, p < 0.001), and social participation (β = −0.06, p < 0.001). The indirect effects of migration status on depression through internet use and of internet use on depression through social participation existed. The effects of migration status, internet use, and social participation in decreasing depression were discussed. Provided the associations among migration status, internet use, social participation, and depression, attention should be paid on increasing protective aspects of migration among middle-aged and older adults, such as internet use and social participation, to enhance their mental health.

scholarly journals Does Self-Efficacy and Team Leader Equity Matter for Older Workers’ Mental Health?

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Sun Choi ◽  
Holly Dabelko-Schoeny ◽  
Mo Yee Lee ◽  
Alicia C Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Prolonged working life is not necessarily associated with good mental health. Despite the importance of healthy working life in later years, little research has been conducted on predictors of mental health in the workplace among older workers. This study aimed to investigate how personal (self-efficacy) and team (leader equity) factors are associated with older workers’ mental health through work engagement. Research Design and Methods We analyzed responses of 508 U.S. workers aged 50 years and older from the Age and Generations Study data using structural equation modeling. Results Results showed that perceived self-efficacy was a strong predictor of mental health. Also, work engagement was a powerful mechanism for promoting older adults’ mental health; engagement partially mediated the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and mental health, and fully mediated the relationship between team leader equity and mental health. Discussion and Implications The findings highlight how important it is for employers to invest in human capital development, suggesting human resource programs should focus on strategies that target older adults’ engagement through tailored self-efficacy programs and inclusive leadership training programs. Such attempts would contribute to enhancing the mental health of older workers.

scholarly journals SELF-EFFICACY AND TEAM LEADER EQUITY MATTER: A STUDY OF ACTIVE AGING AT WORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S764-S764
Author(s):  
Mi Sun Choi ◽  
Holly Dabelko-Schoeny ◽  
Mo Yee Lee ◽  
Alicia Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Many older Americans have decided to remain in the labor market beyond the traditional retirement age, suggesting the need for companies to consider human resource initiatives to retain and support the aging workforce. Applying active aging concepts, which emphasize older adults’ active roles through participation in social and economic activities for healthy later life, to the workplace could be helpful for developing programs that enhance the health, well-being, and work outcomes of older workers. Despite the expected benefits of active aging at work for older workers’ overall well-being, little research has been conducted on what personal and team factors impact on outcomes of active aging at work; what mechanism exists in the links between factors and outcomes in the contemporary workplace. The current study tested the validity of an active aging framework using the Age and Generations Study data. We analyzed responses of 508 American workers aged 50 and older using structural equation modeling. Results showed that perceived self-efficacy was a strong predictor of engagement, mental health, and performance, whereas perceived leader equity predicted only engagement. Also, work engagement was powerful mechanism for promoting older adults’ mental health; engagement mediated the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and the relationship between leader equity and mental health. The findings highlight how important it is for employers to invest in human capital, suggesting human resource programs should focus on strategies that target older adults’ engagement through tailored self-efficacy programs and diversity leadership training programs. Such attempts would contribute to the well-being of older workers.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING MODERATORS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE MEMORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S40-S41
Author(s):  
Francesca Falzarano ◽  
Jillian Minahan ◽  
Karen L Siedlecki ◽  
Timothy Salthouse
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Subjective memory complaints (SMC) among older adults have been explored as an indicator of decline in objective memory functioning. While some research has found that SMC may be predictive of future cognitive impairment and dementia (Glodzik-Sobanska et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2004), others have suggested that SMC are common among healthy older adults (Cooper et al., 2011) and are not strongly related to objective memory performance. Researchers suggest that SMC may be more strongly related to affective factors (e.g., depression and anxiety; Rowell, Green, Teachman, & Salthouse, 2015). The current study examined the relationship between SMC, objective episodic memory performance (OEMP), along with depression and anxiety in a sample of 18-99 year olds (N = 5,430) from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (VCAP). Structural equation modeling with full information maximum likelihood estimation was used to investigate whether clinically-relevant depression and anxiety levels moderated the relationship between SMC and OEMP, controlling for age, education, gender, and health. OEMP was represented as a latent construct while the remaining variables were observed. Although depression and anxiety are significantly related to SMC (r’s = .29, .17, respectively), they are not correlated with OEMP. Furthermore, depression, but not anxiety, moderated the relationship between SMC and OEMP, such that those at risk for depression had a stronger relationship between SMC and OEMP (-.07, p&lt;.05) compared to those not at risk (-.02, p=.31). This suggests that SMC may not be a valid indicator of OEMP as it may reflect variance from other sources, such as depression.

Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults’ Internet Use and Happiness: The Mediating Roles of Loneliness and Social Engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482095916
Author(s):  
Yi Xu ◽  
Yijie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged

Little research has examined the effects of internet use in promoting well-being among middle-aged and older people using large-scale samples in developing countries. Using a subsample of a national survey with 4,083 adults aged 50 years and above, we explored this topic in China. Internet users were found to be significantly younger, more educated, with a higher SES, and more likely to live in urban areas. Structural equation modeling showed that internet use was indirectly associated with higher levels of happiness, and this association was mediated by less loneliness and more volunteering. In the multi-group analysis, age, gender, and household registration (urban vs. rural) moderated path coefficients but did not impact the general pattern. This study suggests promising benefits of internet use for Chinese middle-aged and older adults. In addition, the digital divide between our urban and rural subsamples calls for interventions to promote internet use in rural areas.

scholarly journals Increased levels of soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) are associated with a higher risk of mortality in frail older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Butcher ◽  
Jose A Carnicero ◽  
David Gomez Cabrero ◽  
Jean-François Dartigues ◽  
Karine Pérès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of the soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (sRAGE) and mortality in frail and non-frail older adults. Methods we studied 691 subjects (141 frail and 550 non-frail) with a median age of 75 years from two population-based cohorts, the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging and the AMI study, who were enrolled to the FRAILOMIC initiative. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were used to assess the relationship between baseline sRAGE and mortality. Results during 6 years of follow-up 101 participants died (50 frail and 51 non-frail). Frail individuals who died had significantly higher sRAGE levels than those who survived (median [IQR]: 1563 [1015-2248] vs 1184 [870-1657] pg/ml, P = 0.006), whilst no differences were observed in the non-frail group (1262 [1056-1554] vs 1186 [919-1551] pg/ml, P = 0.19). Among frail individuals higher sRAGE levels were associated with an increased risk of death after adjustment for relevant covariates (HR = 2.72 per unit increment in ln-sRAGE, 95%CI 1.48-4.99, P = 0.001). In contrast, in non-frail individuals sRAGE showed no association with mortality. Survival curves demonstrated that among frail individuals the incidence of death was significantly higher in the top sRAGE quartile compared to the three lower quartiles (P = 0.002). Area under the ROC curve analysis demonstrated that for frail individuals, inclusion of sRAGE in the hazard model increased its predictive accuracy by ~3%. Conclusions sRAGE is an independent predictor of mortality among frail individuals. Determination of sRAGE in frail subjects could be useful for prognostic assessment and treatment stratification.

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