scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Types of Exercise on Cognitive Function in People With MCI or Dementia: A Network Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 293-293
Author(s):  
Qiaoqin Wan ◽  
Xiuxiu Huang ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhao ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
Ying Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Exercise Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Global Cognition

Abstract With the accelerating progress of population aging, cognitive dysfunction is becoming increasingly prevalent. Exercise, as a promising non-pharmaceutical therapy, showed favorable effects on cognitive function. But which type is the most effective exercise treatment is still unclear. This study compared the efficacy of different types of exercise interventions based on network meta-analysis and aimed to explore the optimal exercise treatment for cognitive decline. The electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SPORTDiscus, PsycInfoy, and OpenGrey were searched from inception to September 2019. We only included randomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of exercise interventions in people with MCI or dementia. Primary outcomes were global cognition, executive function and memory function. Standard mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the effect sizes. Finally, 73 articles with 5748 participants were included. The results showed all kinds of exercise interventions were effective on global cognition and resistance exercise was probably the most effective exercise treatment to prevent the decrease of global cognition (SMD=1.05, 95%CI 0.56-1.54), executive function (SMD=0.85, 95%CI 0.21-1.49) and memory function (SMD=0.32, 95%CI 0.01-0.63) for people with cognitive dysfunction. Subgroup analysis revealed multi-component exercise showed more favorable effects on global cognition (SMD=0.99, 95%CI 0.44-1.54) and executive function (SMD=0.72, 95%CI 0.06-1.38) in people with MCI. In conclusion, resistance exercise tended to be the optimal exercise type for people with cognitive dysfunction, especially for people with dementia. And multi-component exercise also should be recommended for people with MCI.

Abstract 16628: Cognitive Dysfunction, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and Health-related Quality of Life in Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyeon Jung ◽  
Bruno Giordani ◽  
Sujuan Gao ◽  
Heather Burney ◽  
Marita G Titler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Significant Covariates

Introduction: Cognitive dysfunction is common in heart failure (HF), but relationships are unclear among cognitive dysfunction, performance-based instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and health-related quality life (HRQL). Objectives: Guided by HRQL and IADL theories, hypotheses were: 1) worse cognitive function in global cognition, memory, executive function is associated with worse performance in IADL; 2) worse performance in IADL is associated with worse HRQL; and 3) IADL mediates the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and HRQL. Methods: In a cross-sectional analysis, baseline data were used from a randomized controlled trial of cognitive training in HF (N=256, mean age 66; 54% women; EF 49%; NYHA Class I=9%, II=36%, III=55%). Measures were: global cognition-Montreal Cognitive Assessment; memory-Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; executive function-Category fluency; IADL-Everyday Problem Test; and HRQL-Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Higher scores of cognitive and IADL measures indicate better performance. Higher scores of HRQL indicate worse HRQL. Covariates were age, gender, education, NYHA, and depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regressions were used to test hypotheses. Results: Hypothesis 1 was supported. Worse cognitive function in global cognition, memory, executive function was associated with worse IADL (β=0.38~0.45, p<.001, R 2 =0.19~0.22). Age and education were significant covariates. Hypothesis 2 was supported. Worse IADL was associated with worse HRQL (β =0.79, p <.001, R 2 =0.55). Gender, NYHA Class, and depressive symptoms were significant covariates. Hypothesis 3 was not tested because cognitive function was not significantly related to HRQL. Conclusions: Cognitive dysfunction was associated with worse performance in IADL. Worse performance in IADL was associated with worse HRQL. Interventions to improve HRQL may need to target improving performances in both cognitive function and IADL.

scholarly journals The Effects of Exercise on Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Different Types of Dementia: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
Guilherme Balbim ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose ◽  
Ryan Falck ◽  
Cindy Barha ◽  
Jennifer Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Combating dementia is a public health priority, and exercise training is one promising strategy for dementia prevention. However, its efficacy in promoting cognitive outcomes in different types of dementia remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review (N = 27) and meta-analysis (N = 24) of randomized controlled trials with cognitive function as a primary or secondary outcome. We aimed to assess the effect of exercise interventions on the cognitive function of older adults (&gt;60 years) diagnosed with different types of dementia. We synthesized data from 2,441 older adults with dementia. Eleven trials included older adults with multiple types of dementia, eight with Alzheimer's disease, six with unspecified types of dementia, and two with vascular cognitive impairment. We performed random-effects models using robust variance estimation (RVE) and tested potential moderators using the approximate Hotelling-Zhang test (HTZ). Results suggest a small effect of exercise on cognitive function for all-cause dementia (g = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.33; p = 0.016); however, the effects did not differ by type of dementia. Moderation analyses showed that trials that did not specify participants' severity of dementia, applied individual-level randomization, and had higher intervention adherence demonstrated larger exercise effects on cognitive function for all-cause dementia. We conclude that exercise promotes small improvements in the cognitive function of older adults with all-cause dementia. More research including different types of dementia is needed if we hope to determine the precise effects of exercise for each type of dementia.

scholarly journals Effects of Combined Cognitive and Exercise Interventions on Poststroke Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ruifeng Sun ◽  
Xiaoling Li ◽  
Ziman Zhu ◽  
Tiancong Li ◽  
Wenshan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Combined Interventions

Objective. We investigated combined cognitive and exercise interventions in the literature and summarized their effectiveness in improving poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Data Sources. Electronic databases and trial registries were searched from their inception until July 2020. Study Selection. Trials were collected with the following study inclusion criteria: (1) patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with PSCI; (2) combined cognitive-exercise interventions, regardless of the order of the two types of interventions or whether they were administered simultaneously; (3) any control group studied at the same time that was deemed acceptable, including no intervention/routine care, delayed intervention, sham intervention, and passive training; (4) the use of any validated cognitive neuropsychological test to evaluate cognitive function; and (5) clinically administered random trials with controls. Data Extraction. Five randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of the full texts and methodological quality of the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Inconsistent results were resolved by additional discussion or decided by a third examiner, if necessary. Data Analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the combined interventions had a significant effect on executive function and working memory [Stroop test (time), standardized mean difference SMD = 0.42 , 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80–0.04, p = 0.02 ; Trail Making Test, SMD = 0.49 , 95% CI: 0.82–0.16, p = 0.004 ; Forward Digit Span Test, SMD = 0.91 , 95% CI: 0.54–1.29, p ≤ 0.001 ]. While it was impossible to conduct a meta-analysis of global cognitive function and other cognitive domains, individual experiments demonstrated that the combined interventions played a significant role in global cognition, reasoning ability, logical thinking, and visual-spatial memory function. Conclusions. Our analyses demonstrated that the combined interventions had a significant effect on the improvement of PSCI, particularly in terms of executive function. However, the moderate risk of bias in the included trials and the small number of relevant studies indicated a need for more uniform diagnostic and evaluation criteria, and larger trials would provide stronger evidence to better understand the effectiveness of the combined interventions. This trial is registered with trial registration number INPLASY202160090.

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise Interventions on Weight, Body Mass Index, Lean Body Mass and Accumulated Visceral Fat in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2635
Author(s):  
Hyun Suk Lee ◽  
Junga Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled

(1) Background: Exercise interventions for overweight and obese individuals help reduce accumulated visceral fat, which is an indicator of cardiometabolic risk, but the effectiveness of these interventions is controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of exercise interventions in overweight and obese individuals in order to reduce weight, body mass index (BMI), and accumulated visceral fat, and increase lean body mass. (2) Methods: Databases were used to select eligible studies for this meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials with control and experimental groups were included. The degrees of effectiveness of the exercise interventions were computed to assess the benefits on reducing weight, BMI, and accumulated visceral fat, and increasing lean body mass. (3) Results: Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Participation in exercise interventions reduced weight (d = −0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI), −0.84–−0.31; p < 0.001; k = 9)), BMI (d = −0.50 (95% CI, −0.78–−0.21; p < 0.001; k = 7)), and accumulated visceral fat (d = −1.08 (95% CI, −1.60–−0.57; p < 0.001; k = 5)), but did not significantly increase lean body mass (d = 0.26 (95% CI, −0.11–0.63; p = 0.17; k = 6)). The average exercise intervention for overweight and obese individuals was of moderate to vigorous intensity, 4 times per week, 50 min per session, and 22 weeks duration. (4) Conclusions: Participating in exercise interventions has favorable effects on weight, BMI, and accumulated visceral fat. Further studies considering different modalities, intensities, durations, and measurements of fatness need to be conducted.

scholarly journals Effects of Supervised Multimodal Exercise Interventions on Cancer-Related Fatigue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Francisco Meneses-Echávez ◽  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue

Objective. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and devastating problem in cancer patients even after successful treatment. This study aimed to determine the effects of supervised multimodal exercise interventions on cancer-related fatigue through a systematic review and meta-analysis.Design. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of multimodal exercise interventions on CRF. Databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and OVID were searched between January and March 2014 to retrieve randomized controlled trials. Risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale.Results. Nine studiesn=772were included in both systematic review and meta-analysis. Multimodal interventions including aerobic exercise, resistance training, and stretching improved CRF symptoms (SMD=-0.23; 95% CI: −0.37 to −0.09;P=0.001). These effects were also significant in patients undergoing chemotherapyP<0.0001. Nonsignificant differences were found for resistance training interventionsP=0.30. Slight evidence of publication bias was observedP=0.04. The studies had a low risk of bias (PEDro scale mean score of 6.4 (standard deviation (SD) ± 1.0)).Conclusion. Supervised multimodal exercise interventions including aerobic, resistance, and stretching exercises are effective in controlling CRF. These findings suggest that these exercise protocols should be included as a crucial part of the rehabilitation programs for cancer survivors and patients during anticancer treatments.

Long-Term Cognitive Decline After Stroke: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica W. Lo ◽  
John D. Crawford ◽  
David W. Desmond ◽  
Hee-Joon Bae ◽  
Jae-Sung Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Global Cognition

Background and Purpose: Poststroke cognitive impairment is common, but the trajectory and magnitude of cognitive decline after stroke is unclear. We examined the course and determinants of cognitive change after stroke using individual participant data from the Stroke and Cognition Consortium. Methods: Nine longitudinal hospital-based cohorts from 7 countries were included. Neuropsychological test scores and normative data were used to calculate standardized scores for global cognition and 5 cognitive domains. One-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to examine the rate of change in cognitive function and risk factors for cognitive decline after stroke. Stroke-free controls were included to examine rate differences. Based on the literature and our own data that showed short-term improvement in cognitive function after stroke, key analyses were restricted to the period beginning 1-year poststroke to focus on its long-term effects. Results: A total of 1488 patients (mean age, 66.3 years; SD, 11.1; 98% ischemic stroke) were followed for a median of 2.68 years (25th–75th percentile: 1.21–4.14 years). After an initial period of improvement through up to 1-year poststroke, decline was seen in global cognition and all domains except executive function after adjusting for age, sex, education, vascular risk factors, and stroke characteristics (−0.053 SD/year [95% CI, −0.073 to −0.033]; P <0.001 for global cognition). Recurrent stroke and older age were associated with faster decline. Decline was significantly faster in patients with stroke compared with controls (difference=−0.078 SD/year [95% CI, −0.11 to −0.045]; P <0.001 for global cognition in a subgroup analysis). Conclusions: Patients with stroke experience cognitive decline that is faster than that of stroke-free controls from 1 to 3 years after onset. An increased rate of decline is associated with older age and recurrent stroke.

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