scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Social Support Between Loneliness and Depression: Young-Old and Old-Old Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Sunghwan Cho ◽  
Kyuhyung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Spousal Support ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Spouse Support ◽  
Young Old

Abstract Depression increases suicidal risk lowers quality of life in older adults. However, it is unknown how loneliness and depression are associated with young-old and old-older adults. This study examined association of loneliness and depression from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) (2015-2016), estimating moderating effects of social support. The sample of this study was community dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged 65+ (n=1,532): young-older adults (n=903) and old-older adults (n=629). Loneliness was measured by the Revised University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale short form (3 items; young, M=.86, SD=.73; old, M=.87, SD=.67; range 0-3). Social support consists of two variables each measured by 4 items, spouse/partner support (young, M=2.29, SD=.50; old, M=2.26, SD=.51; range 0-3) and family support (young-old, M=2.19, SD=.52; old-old, M=2.23, SD=.52; range 0-3). Depression was measured by Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (11 items, young, M=1.41, SD=.42; old, M=1.45, SD=.42; range 1-4). Multiple linear regression was used in this study, including relevant covariates. Findings indicated loneliness in both groups (young, p<.001; old, p<.001), spouse support in both groups (young, p<.001; old, p<.001) had statistical significance in depression. Family support in young-older adults (p<.05) had a statistical significance for depression. Interaction of loneliness and spouse support moderated the relationship between loneliness and depression in old-older adults (p<.05). Findings suggest old-older adults’ loneliness and depression could be soothed by spousal support. Spousal support could be important in that the informal caregiver is likely to focus on older adults with fragility at the end of their lives.

scholarly journals Disability, Frailty and Depression in the community-dwelling older adults with Osteosarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Soo Park ◽  
Gyeong-Ye Lee ◽  
Young-Mi Seo ◽  
Sung-Hyo Seo ◽  
Jun-Il Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the over 60-year-old community and to evaluate whether osteosarcopenia is associated with disability, frailty and depression. Methods This study was performed using the baseline data of Namgaram-2, among the 1010 surveyed subjects, 885 study subjects who were 60 years or older and had all necessary tests performed were selected. The Kaigo-Yobo checklist (frailty), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form-Korean (GDSSF-K) were used. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) were applied in this study. Osteopenia was measured using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and osteopenia was diagnosed when the T-score was less than − 1.0. The study subjects were divided into four groups: the normal group, in which both sarcopenia and osteopenia were undiagnosed, osteopenia only, sarcopenia only and the osteosarcopenia group, which was diagnosed with both sarcopenia and osteopenia. Results Of the 885 subjects over 60 years old evaluated, the normal group comprised 34.0%, the only osteopenia group 33.7%, the only sarcopenia group 13.1%, and the osteosarcopenia group 19.2%. WHODAS (17.5, 95% CI: 14.8-20.1), Kaigo-Yobo (3.0, 95% CI: 2.6-3.4), and GDSSF mean score (4.6, 95% CI: 3.9-5.4) were statistically significantly higher in the osteosarcopenia group compared the other groups. Partial eta squared (ηp2) of WHODAS (0.199) and Kaigo-Yobo (0.148) values ​​according to Osteosarcopenia were large, and GDSSF (0.096) was medium Conclusions Osteosarcopenia is a relatively common disease group in the older adults community that may cause deterioration of health outcomes. Therefore, when evaluating osteopenia or sarcopenia in the older adults, management of those in both disease groups should occur together.

Relationship Between Frailty and Depression Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Mediating and Moderating Role of Social Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaru Jin ◽  
Huaxin Si ◽  
Xiaoxia Qiao ◽  
Xiaoyu Tian ◽  
Xinyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Frailty is associated with depression in older adults and reduces their social support. However, the mechanism underlying such relationship remains unclear. We aim to examine whether social support acts as a mediator or moderator in the relationship between frailty and depression. Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,779 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and older. Frailty, social support, and depressive symptoms were measured by the Physical Frailty Phenotype, Social Support Rating Scale, and five-item Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. Data were also collected on age, gender, years of schooling, monthly income, cognitive function, number of chronic diseases, physical function, and pain. Results Linear regression models showed that subjective support and support utilization, but not objective support, mediated and moderated the relationship between frailty and depressive symptoms. The Johnson–Neyman technique determined a threshold of 30 for subjective support, but not for support utilization, beyond which the detrimental effect of frailty on depressive symptoms was offset. Discussion and Implications Social support underlies the association of frailty with depression, and its protective role varies by type. Interventions on depression should address improving perceptions and utilization of social support among frail older adults rather than simply providing them with objective support.

Frailty and Its Correlates in Cognitively Intact Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Audai A. Hayajneh ◽  
Hanan Hammouri ◽  
Mohammad Rababa ◽  
Sami Al-Rawashedeh ◽  
Debra C. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cognitively Intact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Frailty syndrome is characterized by a decline in physiological and psychological reserve and may be associated with poor health outcomes. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The current study explored frailty and its correlates among cognitively intact community-dwelling older adults. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A secondary analysis of data collected from 109 community-dwelling older adults who are cognitively intact was conducted for the purpose of this study. The Arabic versions of the culturally adapted Tilburg Frailty Indicator, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Short Form-36 Quality of Life (QOL) survey. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationships between frailty and depression. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results indicated a high prevalence of frailty (78%) and depression (38%) among cognitively intact community-dwelling older adults. Frailty was found to be associated with increased age, being single or illiterate, living alone, having a high number of comorbid conditions, having high rate of depression, and having poor QOL. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> High prevalence of frailty is associated with high depression scores, a high number of comorbid conditions, and poor QOL among cognitively intact community-dwelling older adults.

Major depression in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: prevalence and 2- and 4-year follow-up symptoms

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAMIN MOJTABAI ◽  
MARK OLFSON
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Middle Aged

Background. Although major depression is a common condition across the age range, there is some evidence from clinical studies that it may be more persistent and disabling in older adults. This study examined the demographic, socio-economic and clinical factors associated with major depression and with persistence of depressive symptoms at 2- and 4-year follow-ups in a large population sample of middle-aged and older adults.Method. In a sample of 9747 participants aged over 50 in the 1996 wave of the US Health and Retirement Study, the authors assessed the 12-month prevalence of major depression using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Short Form (CIDI-SF). Significant depressive symptoms at the time of 1996, 1998 and 2000 interviews were assessed using a short form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Results. The 12-month prevalence of CIDI-SF major depression was 6·6%. With age, prevalence declined, but the likelihood of significant depressive symptoms at follow-ups increased. Both prevalence and persistence of significant depressive symptoms at follow-ups were associated with socio-economic disadvantage and physical illness. Persistence of depressive symptoms at follow-ups was also associated with symptoms of anhedonia, feelings of worthlessness, and thoughts of death at baseline.Conclusions. Sociodemographic, physical health and a specific profile of depressive symptoms are associated with a poorer course of major depression in the middle-aged and older adults. These indicators may identify a subgroup of patients in need of more careful follow-up and intensive treatment.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Orientation to the Year as an Aid to Case Finding of Mild Cognitive Impairment or Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8096
Author(s):  
Hanhee Bae ◽  
Sunyoung Kim ◽  
Byungsung Kim ◽  
Miji Kim ◽  
Jisoo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression are common and frequently misdiagnosed in older adults in primary care. In particular, depression combined with cognitive dysfunction is associated with a higher risk of dementia. We tried to find the usefulness of orientation to time as an easy case-finding tool for suspecting MCI or depression. This cross-sectional study included 2668 community-dwelling adults aged 70–84 years from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (mean age of 76.0 ± 3.9 years). MCI was defined based on the criteria from the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer’s Association; depression was defined as a score of ≥ 6 on the Geriatric Depression Scale—Short Form (GDS-SF). Time orientation to year, month, day of the week, date, and season were tested. The sensitivity for the diagnosis of each of MCI and depression was the highest for the orientation to year (MCI, 17.7%; depression, 16.0%). For the diagnosis of MCI or depression, orientation to the year had the highest sensitivity (15.5%), and the specificity, PPV, NPV was 95.5%, 67.0%, 65.5%. In conclusion, asking “what year is it?” can be helpful as an aid to case finding to suspect MCI or depression in community and primary care settings.

scholarly journals Disability, Frailty and Depression in the Community-dwelling Older adults with Osteosarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Soo Park ◽  
Gyeong-Ye Lee ◽  
Young-Mi Seo ◽  
Sung-Hyo Seo ◽  
Jun-Il Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the over 60-year-old community and to evaluate whether osteosarcopenia is associated with disability, frailty and depression.Methods: This study was performed using the baseline data of Namgaram-2, among the 1010 surveyed subjects, 885 study subjects who were 60 years or older and had all necessary tests performed were selected. The Kaigo-Yobo checklist (frailty), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form-Korean (GDSSF-K) were used. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) were applied in this study. Osteopenia was measured using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and osteopenia was diagnosed when the T-score was less than -1.0.The study subjects were divided into four groups: the normal group, in which both sarcopenia and osteopenia were undiagnosed, osteopenia only, sarcopenia only and the osteosarcopenia group, which was diagnosed with both sarcopenia and osteopenia. Results: Of the 885 subjects over 60 years old evaluated, the normal group comprised 34.0%, the only osteopenia group 33.7%, the only sarcopenia group 13.1%, and the osteosarcopenia group 19.2%. WHODAS (17.5, 95% CI: 14.8-20.1), Kaigo-Yobo (3.0, 95% CI: 2.6-3.4), and GDSSF mean score (4.6, 95% CI: 3.9-5.4) were statistically significantly higher in the osteosarcopenia group compared the other groups. Partial eta squared (ηp2) of WHODAS (0.199) and Kaigo-Yobo (0.148) values ​​according to Osteosarcopenia were large, and GDSSF (0.096) was medium.Conclusions: Osteosarcopenia is a relatively common disease group in the older adults community that may cause deterioration of health outcomes. Therefore, when evaluating osteopenia or sarcopenia in the older adults, management of those in both disease groups should occur together.

Initial evaluation of the Older Adult Social-Evaluative Situations Questionnaire: a measure of social anxiety in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2009-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Gould ◽  
Lindsay A. Gerolimatos ◽  
Caroline M. Ciliberti ◽  
Barry A. Edelstein ◽  
Merideth D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Community Dwelling

ABSTRACTBackground: The assessment of social anxiety in late life has been examined in few studies (e.g. Gretarsdottir et al., 2004; Ciliberti et al., 2011). The present study describes the creation and initial psychometric evaluation of a new, content valid measure of social anxiety for older adults, the Older Adult Social-Evaluative Situations Questionnaire (OASES).Methods: Psychometric properties of the OASES were evaluated in a community dwelling sample of older adults (N = 137; 70.8% female). Convergent validity was established by examining the relation between the OASES and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Discriminant validity was established by examining the relation between the OASES and measures of depression (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS), perceived health status (Short Form Health Survey, SF-12), and demographic variables. The validity analyses of the OASES were based on a smaller sample with n values ranging from 98 to 137 depending on missing data on each questionnaire.Results: Internal consistency, measured by Cronbach's α, for the OASES total score was 0.96. All items on the OASES were endorsed by participants. Convergent validity was demonstrated by medium to large correlations with the SPAI, LSAS, and BAI. Support for discriminant validity was evidenced by small to medium correlations between the OASES and GDS, SF-12, and demographic variables.Conclusions: Evidence in support of convergent and discriminant validity of the OASES is discussed. Although the results from the present study suggest that this measure may assess anxiety in and avoidance of social situations salient to older adults, future studies are needed to further examine the psychometric properties of the OASES and replicate these results in both clinical and more diverse samples of older adults.

Psychosocial Correlates of Nutritional Risk in Older Adults

2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Jacob Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Correlates

The psychosocial correlates of nutritional risk among older adults were examined in a study involving 54 people over age 65 (range, 65 to 98; average, 81), who were selected through a convenience sampling strategy. Measures included a background questionnaire, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Life Satisfaction Index Form Z, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Lubben's Social Network Scale. Seventeen percent of participants were found to be at risk of malnutrition. Compared with those who had adequate nutrition, at-risk participants had lower levels of social support (approaching statistical significance, p=0.08) and life satisfaction (not significant), and significantly higher levels of depression (p=0.04). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that depression and social support were significant correlates of nutritional risk (p=0.01). Nutrition professionals should have a multidisciplinary perspective when they assess older adults’ nutritional status.

scholarly journals Social Support and Depressive Outcomes in Older Adults: An Analysis of the Health and Retirement Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
Julia Tucker ◽  
Nicholas Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Positive Social Support ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Given population aging and impact of both spousal and social support on the health of older adults, the protective role of social support amongst recently bereaved older adults represents an important area of research. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between recent widowhood and change in depressive symptoms in older adults, and how social support moderates this association. Utilizing observations from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study, the analytic sample consisted of 2,890 adults age 50 and over who were partnered or married in 2012. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale short form (CESD-8). Positive social support was measured as perceived social support from family, friends, and children. Widowhood was a dichotomous measure indicating mortality of spouse between 2012 and 2014. Autoregressive multiple regression was used to determine if widowhood was associated with change in depression from 2012-2104 and whether positive social support moderated this relationship. Widowhood was associated with an increase in depressive symptoms from 2012-2014 (b=0.967, SE=0.145, p &lt;.001) and social support was negatively associated with change in depression (b=-0.021, SE=0.004, p &lt;.001). Social support appeared to moderate the association between widowhood and change in depression (b=0.068, SE=0.026, p =.010), though widowed older adults with higher social support appear to have more rapid increase in depression than those with lower social support. These preliminary findings and implications for supporting bereaved older adults will be discussed.

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