scholarly journals Investigating Everyday Prospective Memory in Younger and Older Couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 561-562
Author(s):  
Tabea Meier ◽  
Zilla Huber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel ◽  
Andrea Horn ◽  
Maximilian Haas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Concepts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Daily events are not simply individual concepts, but shared by the social environment we live in. The present study investigates the role of romantic partners in the co-regulation of cognitive functioning by the example of prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember and correctly execute future intentions. In this context, we examined the impact of social proximity (i.e., physical closeness and psychological intimacy) on interpersonal regulation. Over the course of 21 days, 64 younger couples (18-33 years) and 52 couples of older adults (57-87 years) completed an ambulatory assessment comprising a daily pseudo-randomized PM task. Results reveal that couples’ PM performance was higher for younger than for older participants. Further, dyadic PM was correlated with psychological intimacy for both age groups, but the impact of time spent together on intimacy and PM performance, respectively, was stronger in older adults. Possible moderating factors and explanations for these findings will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Social Utility and Health Benefits for Older Adults of Amenity Buildings in China’s Urban Parks: A Nanjing Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7497
Author(s):  
Binyu Liu ◽  
Ye Chen ◽  
Meng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

As China’s population rapidly ages, research and discussion on how to better optimize public spaces for the elderly’s health and benefit continue to deepen. This study uses observational surveys and questionnaires to investigate the elderly visitors of Nanjing’s urban parks and explore the impact the parks’ amenity buildings (structures built to provide visitors with conveniences, e.g., shelters and pavilions) has on their health and associated socialization tendencies. Data were collected from ten amenity buildings in ten separate parks to compose a total dataset of 728 activity statistics and 270 valid questionnaires. The study’s results indicate that amenity buildings significantly increase opportunities for older adults to socialize and thereby can increase this demographic’s associated health benefits. The social activities formed around amenity buildings are found to improve social interactions and connectedness among older adults more compared to other age groups. Elderly participation in social activities is also found to positively correlate with environmental characteristics. High-quality landscapes ensure healthy development of social activities within amenity buildings and promote the occurrence and continuation of social interactions. In order of highest to lowest impact on elderly activities, the following factors were identified and scored: amenity building scale, lighting, comprehensive surrounding environment, surrounding amenities, water features, and vegetation. This research also reveals that among existing amenity buildings, there is insufficient support for certain activities and therefore, parks need to be improved to address this deficiency. Overall, this study indicates that under China’s current aging trends, amenity buildings have become an especially important infrastructure within urban public space, and their design trend is to incorporate the dual characteristics of “recreation + society”.

scholarly journals AFFECTIONATE TOUCH AND RELATIONAL, MENTAL, AND PHYSICAL WELL-BEING IN OLDER COUPLES: A NATIONAL LONGITUDINAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S792-S792
Author(s):  
Ruixue Zhaoyang ◽  
Lynn M Martire
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Recent theories suggest that non-sexual physical contact with close others plays a key role in promoting health and well-being in adulthood. However, the impact of non-sexual physical contact in later life, especially the affectionate touch between romantic partners, has been largely unexplored. Using two waves of dyadic data (N=953 couples, Mage=71 years) from National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), we examined whether shared affectionate touch between spouses prospectively predicted both partners’ relational, mental and physical well-being five years later, independent of sex activity. Dyadic analyses results indicated that frequency of shared affectionate touch with the partner predicted increases in spouses’ own relationship satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health, but not in physical health, over five years. No interpersonal (i.e., partner) effect of shared affectionate touch was found. Findings underscore the unique role of non-sexual physical contact between spouses in promoting relational and mental well-being for older couples.

scholarly journals 430 - Burnout and Negative Stereotypes: How They affect the Quality of Life of Professionals working in Nursing Homes.

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
P. López-Frutos ◽  
G. Pérez-Rojo ◽  
J. López ◽  
C. Noriega ◽  
C. Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe quality of life (QoL) of professionals working in nursing homes is often impaired by the stress that they experience daily. This sustained stress is known as burnout. A syndrome that ends up negatively affecting all areas of life and decreasing their quality of life. Negative stereotypes can alter how professionals perceive older adults. The literature has supported the relationship between high levels of burnout and negative stereotyping. These may moderate the impact of stress as a function of how they perceive stressors as reported by Lazarus and Folkman (1984).ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze how burnout affects professionals´ quality of life and how this relationship is moderated by their stereotypes towards the residents. The sample included 312 professionals working in nursing homes. Quality of life (QPL-35), burnout (MBI) and negative stereotypes towards older adults´ health, motivation and personality (CENVE) were measured. To analyze the data, we performed linear regression models.Results:We found a negative relationship between burnout and quality of life (p<0.001; R2=0.47). The results of the moderation analysis show that they are significant regarding total stereotypes variable (M1: b=0.10, SE=0.04, t=2.18, p=0.03), the health subscale (M2: b=0.14, SE=0.04, t=3.11, p<0.001) and the social- motivation subscale (M3: b=0.09, SE=0.05, t=1.79, p=0.07). In contrast, character-personality subscale did not show any significant moderation (M4: b=0.06, SE=0.05, t=1.25, p=0.21).Conclusion:These results reflect the importance of investigating the role of stereotypes and their relationship with professionals´ quality of life and burnout. Future intervention programs that aim to prevent negative stereotypes are needed not only to improve residents´ quality of life, but also for professionals wellbeing and quality of life.Funding:This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant no. PSI2016-79803-R).

The Health of Refugees

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Refugee Health ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The Media ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The Impact

There have been significant changes in the numbers, patterns, and circumstances of refugees and in the political landscape to support humanitarianism since the publication of the first edition of this collection. Like the first edition, this volume provides a multidisciplinary perspective on refugee health, tracing the health repercussions on individuals and populations from the drivers of forced mass movements of populations from situations of conflict and other disasters through to the process of resettlement in countries other than their countries of origin. Drawing on the expertise of academics, practitioners, and UN frontline experts, the collection covers three main aspects of refugee health: the concepts, definitions, and context from a human rights, humanitarianism, and social determinants of health perspective; the intersection of vulnerabilities across age groups and settings; and the ethical challenges for practitioners and researchers working with forcibly displaced populations seeking to resettle. The collection concludes with an analysis of the role of the media in shaping our perceptions of refugees and the impact on policy and access to care.

scholarly journals The Moderating Impact of Attending Services on the Effect of Older Adults’ Discrimination Experiences on Loneliness

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
Dahee Kim ◽  
Kyuho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Religious Behaviors ◽  
Religious Services ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research has shown that perceived discriminations impact physical and mental health in later life. Discrimination experiences could make older adults consider themselves as a social misfit and decrease their social interactions, which finally increases their loneliness. Religious behaviors has been reported as a key factor of a lower sense of isolation. Considering that religious behaviors provide opportunities to engage in more extensive social networks and have supportive social ties with community members, attending religious services might decrease the impact of older adults’ perceived discrimination on loneliness. The current research aims to examine the moderating role of religious services attendance in the association between older adults’ perceived discrimination and loneliness. We used data of 4,488 adults aged 50 to 80 (M=66.27, SD=10.15) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) collected in 2012 and 2014. Linear regression analysis was performed to investigate whether older adults’ religious service attendance might decrease the impact of their perceived discriminations in daily life on the level of loneliness. The results indicated that more perceived discriminations older adults face on a daily basis were significantly associated with higher levels of loneliness. However, participants who frequently attended religious services showed a lower impact of perceived discriminations on their loneliness. These findings highlight the positive effects of engaging in religious activities on discriminated older adults’ social well-being. These findings also emphasize the role of the religious community as a social resource for socially marginalized older adults.

Research on the Effects of Over-the-Counter Drug Advertising

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Kanter
Keyword(s):  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Pharmaceutical Advertising ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Drug Advertising ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Commercial Advertising ◽  
The Impact

Dr. Kanter presents a summary of his research assessing the role of OTC advertising in Influencing drug usage. His work represents the only systematic study of the impact of commercial advertising on drug usage. He stresses that advertising in itself does not directly lead to drug misuse but should be considered as part of a host of factors in the social environment and in the media environment that have significant influence in determining people's behavior. He also urged that the existing pharmaceutical advertising codes, which are often violated, be reviewed and strengthened.

scholarly journals Exploring the effectiveness of a COVID-19 contact tracing app using an agent-based model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan Almagor ◽  
Stefano Picascia
Keyword(s):  
High Rate ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
User Rate

AbstractA contact-tracing strategy has been deemed necessary to contain the spread of COVID-19 following the relaxation of lockdown measures. Using an agent-based model, we explore one of the technology-based strategies proposed, a contact-tracing smartphone app. The model simulates the spread of COVID-19 in a population of agents on an urban scale. Agents are heterogeneous in their characteristics and are linked in a multi-layered network representing the social structure—including households, friendships, employment and schools. We explore the interplay of various adoption rates of the contact-tracing app, different levels of testing capacity, and behavioural factors to assess the impact on the epidemic. Results suggest that a contact tracing app can contribute substantially to reducing infection rates in the population when accompanied by a sufficient testing capacity or when the testing policy prioritises symptomatic cases. As user rate increases, prevalence of infection decreases. With that, when symptomatic cases are not prioritised for testing, a high rate of app users can generate an extensive increase in the demand for testing, which, if not met with adequate supply, may render the app counterproductive. This points to the crucial role of an efficient testing policy and the necessity to upscale testing capacity.

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