scholarly journals The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Blood Pressure in African Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 874-875
Author(s):  
DeAnnah Byrd ◽  
Yanping Jiang ◽  
Samuele Zilioli ◽  
Roland Thorpe ◽  
Peter Lichtenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Received Social Support

Abstract This study examined whether the effects of received and provided social support on blood pressure (BP) would differ by education. Data from 602 African American adults (48-95 years) enrolled in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging—Patterns of Cognitive Aging were analyzed using multiple linear regression. We found no main effects of received and provided social support on BP. However, a significant moderation effect was observed for systolic BP, such that greater received social support was positively associated with higher systolic BP among individuals with low levels of education, adjusting for age, sex, chronic health conditions, and depressive symptoms. The findings demonstrate that social support and education have joint effects on blood pressure, which highlights the importance of considering psychosocial determinants of adverse cardiovascular health outcomes that disproportionately affect African Americans.

The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Blood Pressure in African Americans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Annah R Byrd ◽  
Yanping Jiang ◽  
Samuele Zilioli ◽  
Roland J Thorpe ◽  
Peter A Lichtenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Background This study examined whether the effects of received and provided social support on blood pressure (BP) would differ by education. Methods Data from 602 African American adults (48-95 years) enrolled in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging—Patterns of Cognitive Aging were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results We found no main effects of received and provided social support on BP. However, a significant moderation effect was observed for systolic BP, such that greater received social support was positively associated with higher systolic BP among individuals with low levels of education, adjusting for age, sex, chronic health conditions, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions The findings demonstrate that social support and education have joint effects on blood pressure, which highlights the importance of considering psychosocial determinants of adverse cardiovascular health outcomes that disproportionately affect African Americans.

Pesten op het werk: de relatie met lichamelijke gezondheidsklachten en de invloed van sociale steun

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Haesevoets ◽  
Francine Dehue ◽  
Mieneke Pouwelse
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Sociale Steun ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
The Relationship

Bullying at work: The relation with physical health complaints and the influence of social support Bullying at work: The relation with physical health complaints and the influence of social support This survey among Belgian employees (N = 497) investigated, starting from the Michigan Stress Model, the relationships among the amount of and satisfaction with social support, being bullied in the workplace, and physical health complaints. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that both person-related and work-related bullying influenced perceived health of victimized employees negatively. There was some evidence for a moderation effect of satisfaction with social support: victims of work-related bullying, who experienced a lack of social support from colleagues, reported more health problems. In addition, it was found that satisfaction with received social support from supervisors affected the relationship between being bullied and health complaints indirectly (i.e., mediation). No effects were found for the amount of received support. These results emphasize the need for future studies investigating the influence of satisfaction with received social support on victimized employees.

scholarly journals An Examination of Demographic and Psychosocial Factors, Barriers to Healthy Eating, and Diet Quality Among African American Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Richards Adams ◽  
Wilson Figueroa ◽  
Irene Hatsu ◽  
James Odei ◽  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
African American Adults

A healthy diet is associated with lower risk of chronic disease. African Americans generally have poor diet quality and experience a higher burden of many chronic diseases. We examined the associations of demographic and psychosocial factors and barriers to diet quality among African American adults. This cross-sectional study included 100 African American adults in a southeastern metropolitan area. Psychosocial factors (social support, self-efficacy), and barriers to healthy eating were assessed with validated measures. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). Nested linear regressions were used to examine the association between the variables of interest and HEI scores. Participants reported having social support (M (mean) = 2.0, SD (standard deviation) = 0.6, range 0–3), high levels of self-efficacy (M = 3.1, SD = 0.7, range 1–4), and low barriers (M = 1.4, SD = 0.6, range 0–4) to engage in healthy eating but total mean HEI scores needed improvement (M = 54.8, SD = 10.9, range 27.1–70.0). Participants consumed significantly higher empty calories and lower whole fruits, dairy, and total protein foods than the national average. Barriers to healthy eating (b = −12.13, p = 0.01) and the interaction between age and barriers (b = 0.25, p = 0.02) were most strongly associated with lower HEI scores. Younger African Americans with the highest barriers to healthy eating had the lowest HEI scores. Culturally appropriate interventions targeting empty calories, barriers to healthy eating, and knowledge of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans are needed for African Americans.

Abstract MP58: Racial Residential Segregation is Associated With Worse Cardiovascular Health in African American Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharrelle Barber ◽  
Kiarri Kershaw ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
Julianne Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Racial Residential Segregation ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Neighborhood Environments ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Racial residential segregation results in increased exposure to adverse neighborhood environments for African Americans; however, the impact of segregation on ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) has not been examined in large, socioeconomically diverse African American samples. Using a novel spatial measure of neighborhood-level racial residential segregation, we examined the association between segregation and ideal CVH in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Hypothesis: Racial residential segregation will be associated with worse cardiovascular health among African American adults. Methods: The sample included 4,354 men and women ages 21-93 from the baseline exam of the JHS (2000-2004). Racial residential segregation was assessed at the census-tract level. Data on racial composition (% African American) from the 2000 US Census was used to calculate the local G i * statistic- a spatially-weighted z-score that represents how much a neighborhood’s racial/ethnic composition deviates from the larger metropolitan area. Ideal CVH was assessed using the AHA Life’s Simple Seven (LS7) index which includes 3 behavioral (nutrition, physical activity, and smoking) and 4 biological (systolic BP, glucose, BMI, and cholesterol) metrics of CVH. Multivariable regression models were used to test associations between segregation and the LS7 index continuously (range: 0-14) and categorically (Inadequate: 0-4; Average: 5-9; and Optimal: 10-14). Covariates included age, sex, income, education, and insurance status. Results: The average LS7 summary score was 7.03 (±2.1) and was lowest in the most racially segregated neighborhood environments (High Segregation: 6.88 ±2.1 vs. Low Segregation: 7.55 ±2.1). The prevalence of inadequate CVH was higher in racially segregated neighborhoods (12.3%) compared to neighborhoods that were the least segregated (6.9%). After adjusting for key socio-demographic characteristics, racial residential segregation was inversely associated with ideal CVH (B=-0.041 ±0.02, p=0.0146). Moreover, a 1-SD unit increase in segregation was associated with a 6% increased odds of having inadequate CVH (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, p=0.0461). Conclusion: In conclusion, African Americans in racially segregated neighborhoods are less likely to achieve ideal CVH even after accounting for individual-level factors. Policies aimed at restricting housing segregation/discrimination and/or structural interventions designed to improve neighborhood environments may be viable strategies to improving CVH in this at-risk population.

Abstract P114: Low Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Andrew Petrone ◽  
Chad Blackshear ◽  
Michael Griswold ◽  
Jane Harman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Study

Background: While the prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics or Life’s Simple Seven (LSS) has been shown to be far from optimal in the US, such information has been predominantly reported in Caucasians. The burden of cardiovascular disease among African Americans underscores the need to evaluate the prevalence and secular trends of LSS in other ethnic groups. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the prevalence of the LSS is far from ideal among participants of the Jackson Heart Study. Methods: We analyzed LSS with 3,500 African Americans from the Jackson Heart Study, using data from their first clinic visit (2000-2004). Standard methods were used to measure blood pressure, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and cholesterol. Information on physical activity, smoking, and diet was collected with interviewer-administered questionnaires. Each of the LSS metrics (smoking status, diet, physical activity, BMI, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and blood pressure) was categorized as poor, intermediate, or ideal, as defined by the AHA guidelines. Results: The mean age at baseline was 56.9 ± 12.2 years and 2,350 participants (67%) were women. Among men, the prevalence of having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was 6.6%, 25.8%, 32.7%, 21.6%, 10.6%, 2.3%, 0.4%, and 0%, respectively. Corresponding values for women were 3.2%, 28.1%, 32.9%, 22.3%, 10.1%, 2.9%, 0.38%, and 0%. While about two-thirds of men and women reported ideal smoking status, almost none reported ideal diet quality, and few met recommendations for BMI and blood pressure ( Figure) . Conclusions: Our data are consistent with less than optimal prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics in both men and women from the Jackson Heart Study. The lower prevalence of meeting ideal recommendations for diet, physical activity, BMI, and blood pressure underscores the need for targeted interventions to improve these modifiable lifestyle factors in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease among African-Americans.

scholarly journals Association Between Stress and Coping with DNA Methylation of Blood Pressure-Related Genes Among African American Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701987908
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Brown ◽  
Qin Hui ◽  
Yunfeng Huang ◽  
Jacquelyn Y. Taylor ◽  
Laura Prescott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
African American ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
African Americans ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Gene Level ◽  
And Coping

Background Exposure to psychosocial stress and employment of high effort coping strategies have been identified as risk factors that may partially explain the high prevalence of hypertension among African Americans. One biological mechanism through which stress and coping may affect risk of hypertension is via epigenetic modifications (e.g., DNA methylation) in blood pressure-related genes; however, this area remains understudied in African Americans. Methods We used data from the ongoing Intergenerational Blood Pressure Study, a longitudinal study designed to investigate factors that contribute to hypertension risk in African American women (n = 120) and their young children, to investigate the association between stress overload, problem-solving coping, avoidance coping, and social support coping with DNA methylation in 25 candidate genes related to blood pressure. Multivariable linear regression and multilevel modeling were used to conduct methylation site-level and gene-level analyses, respectively. Results In site-level analyses, stress overload, problem-solving coping, social support coping, and avoidance coping were associated with 47, 63, 66, and 61 sites, respectively, at p < 0.05. However, no associations were statistically significant after multiple testing correction. There were also no significant associations in gene-level analyses. Conclusions As human social epigenomics is an emerging, evolving area of research, there is much to be learned from studies with statistically significant findings as well as studies with null findings. Factors such as characteristics of the social stressor, source of DNA, and synchronization of exposure and outcome are likely important considerations as we move the field forward.

8 Steps to Fitness: A Faith-Based, Behavior Change Physical Activity Intervention for African Americans

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Bopp ◽  
Sara Wilcox ◽  
Marilyn Laken ◽  
Steven P. Hooker ◽  
Deborah Parra-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Culturally Tailored

Background:Physical activity (PA) participation offers many benefits especially among ethnic groups that experience health disparities. Partnering with faith-based organizations allows for a more culturally tailored approach to changing health behaviors.Methods:8 Steps to Fitness was a faith-based behavior-change intervention promoting PA among members of African American churches. A quasi-experimental design was used to examine differences between the intervention group (n=72) and comparison group (n = 74). Health (resting blood pressure, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, fasting blood glucose), psycho-social (PA self-efficacy, social support, enjoyment, self-regulation, depression), and behavioral variables (PA, diet) were assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-months. Repeated measures ANCOVAs tested changes across time between groups.Results:At 3-months, the intervention group showed significantly more favorable changes in body mass index, waist circumference and social support than the control group. At 6-months, the intervention group showed significantly more favorable changes in hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and depressive symptoms. There was notable attrition from both the intervention (36%) and the comparison group (58%).Conclusions:This study was conducted in a real-world setting, and provided insight into how to deliver a culturally-tailored PA intervention program for African Americans with a potential for dissemination.

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