scholarly journals State-Level Health Care Expenditures Associated With Disability

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Olga Khavjou ◽  
Amanda Honeycutt ◽  
Laurel Bates ◽  
NaTasha Hollis ◽  
Scott Grosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
National Data ◽  
Public Health Programs

Abstract This study updated prior (2003) state-level estimates of disability-associated health care expenditures (DAHE). We combined 2013-2015 data from three national data sets to estimate using multivariate regression all state-level DAHE for US adults in total, by payer, and per adult and per (adult) person with disability (PWD). In 2015, DAHE were $868 billion nationally (State range, $1.4 billion to $102.8 billion) accounting for 36% of total health care expenditures (range, 29%-41%). From over a decade ago, total DAHE increased by 65% (range, 35%-125%). DAHE per PWD was $17,431 (range $12,603 to $27,839). From over a decade ago, per-PWD DAHE increased by 13% (range, –20% to 61%). In 2015, Medicare DAHE per PWD ranged from $10,067 to $18,768. Medicaid DAHE per PWD ranged from $9,825 to $43,365. DAHE are substantial and vary by state and payer. Stakeholders can use these results to develop public health programs to support people with disabilities.

State-Level Health Care Expenditures Associated With Disability

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492097980
Author(s):  
Olga A. Khavjou ◽  
Wayne L. Anderson ◽  
Amanda A. Honeycutt ◽  
Laurel G. Bates ◽  
NaTasha D. Hollis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance

Objective Given the growth in national disability-associated health care expenditures (DAHE) and the changes in health insurance–specific DAHE distribution, updated estimates of state-level DAHE are needed. The objective of this study was to update state-level estimates of DAHE. Methods We combined data from the 2013-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2013-2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and 2014 National Health Expenditure Accounts to calculate state-level DAHE for US adults in total, per adult, and per (adult) person with disability (PWD). We adjusted expenditures to 2017 prices and assessed changes in DAHE from 2003 to 2015. Results In 2015, DAHE were $868 billion nationally (range, $1.4 billion in Wyoming to $102.8 billion in California) accounting for 36% of total health care expenditures (range, 29%-41%). From 2003 to 2015, total DAHE increased by 65% (range, 35%-125%). In 2015, DAHE per PWD were highest in the District of Columbia ($27 839) and lowest in Alabama ($12 603). From 2003 to 2015, per-PWD DAHE increased by 13% (range, −20% to 61%) and per-capita DAHE increased by 28% (range, 7%-84%). In 2015, Medicare DAHE per PWD ranged from $10 067 in Alaska to $18 768 in New Jersey. Medicaid DAHE per PWD ranged from $9825 in Nevada to $43 365 in the District of Columbia. Nonpublic–health insurer per-PWD DAHE ranged from $7641 in Arkansas to $18 796 in Alaska. Conclusion DAHE are substantial and vary by state. The public sector largely supports the health care costs of people with disabilities. State policy makers and other stakeholders can use these results to inform the development of public health programs that support and provide ongoing health care to people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Vaccine Financing and Distribution

Vaccines ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Feemster
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Vaccine Financing

Making and manufacturing vaccines is only the first part of the story in getting vaccines into public health programs and health care facilities: Someone has to pay for them and facilitate their distribution. These practices and decisions can vary significantly by region and country.

scholarly journals Role of Private Healthcare Facilities in Public Health Programs: A Study in Greater Accra Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Rahaman Abdul Salam ◽  
Abor Patience Aseweh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Private Health Care ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Greater Accra Region

Abstract Background: Public health is a collective responsibility of everybody. Private sector plays a key role in the functioning of many sectors in both developed and developing countries which includes provision of public health services. However, there is dearth of studies on the role of private health delivery institution in public health programs in Ghana. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of private health care delivery institutions in public health programs in Ghana.Methods: Resource dependency theory was used as the theoretical framework. The study used mixed method to derive the advantages of both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The sample size was fifteen private healthcare facilities in Greater Accra region. It of ten private for-profit healthcare facilities and five mission facilities. Records of public health activities of the private health care institutions from 2015 to 2019 were collected from the selected health facilities for the quantitative analysis. In-depth interview was used to gather the qualitative data. Descriptive statistics and Welch two sample t-test simple to analyse the quantitative data. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data.Results: The results of the study indicate that, private for-profit healthcare facilities were not taking part in designing public health programs in Ghana. However, the mission facilities were consulted in the policy making process due to their organised nature. Conclusion: There is also a significant difference in the number of public health cases undertaken by mission and private for-profit health care facilities. The study indicates that private health care facilities undertake a lot of public health programs. However, mission facilities accommodate more public health cases due to the support they received from the state and other organisations in terms of resources.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

scholarly journals Dutch Public health Foresight study 2018/20

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hilderink
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
National Prevention ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The four-year Public Health Foresight Study (VTV) provides insight into the most important societal challenges for public health and health care in the Netherlands. The seventh edition of the Dutch Public Health Foresight study was published in 2018, with an update in 2020. In this update a business-as-usual or Trend Scenario was developed using 2018 as a base year. In the trend scenario demographic and epidemiological projections have been used to depict the future trends regarding ageing, health, disease, health behaviors, health expenditures and health inequalities. Next, these trends are used to identify the most important future challenges and opportunities for public health. In the 2020 update, special attentions is given to climate change and the local living environment and their impacts and interaction with public health outcomes. Trends in lifestyle-related lifestyle show both positive (smoking prevalence) and negative (overweight prevalence) future developments. Dementia will be the leading cause of mortality and disease burden in 2040 by far. Health care expenditures will double by 2040, with cancers showing the most rapid growth of all disease groups. The insights of this study are directly used as input for the National Health Policy Memorandum and for the National Prevention Accord.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine Effectiveness in Ghana (TyVEGHA) Using a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Phase IV Trial: Trial Design and Population Baseline Characteristics

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Andrea Haekyung Haselbeck ◽  
Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse ◽  
Juyeon Park ◽  
Malick M. Gibani ◽  
Ligia María Cruz Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Typhoid fever remains a significant health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with incidence rates of >100 cases per 100,000 person-years of observation. Despite the prequalification of safe and effective typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV), some uncertainties remain around future demand. Real-life effectiveness data, which inform public health programs on the impact of TCVs in reducing typhoid-related mortality and morbidity, from an African setting may help encourage the introduction of TCVs in high-burden settings. Here, we describe a cluster-randomized trial to investigate population-level protection of TYPBAR-TCV®, a Vi-polysaccharide conjugated to a tetanus-toxoid protein carrier (Vi-TT) against blood-culture-confirmed typhoid fever, and the synthesis of health economic evidence to inform policy decisions. A total of 80 geographically distinct clusters are delineated within the Agogo district of the Asante Akim region in Ghana. Clusters are randomized to the intervention arm receiving Vi-TT or a control arm receiving the meningococcal A conjugate vaccine. The primary study endpoint is the total protection of Vi-TT against blood-culture-confirmed typhoid fever. Total, direct, and indirect protection are measured as secondary outcomes. Blood-culture-based enhanced surveillance enables the estimation of incidence rates in the intervention and control clusters. Evaluation of the real-world impact of TCVs and evidence synthesis improve the uptake of prequalified/licensed safe and effective typhoid vaccines in public health programs of high burden settings. This trial is registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, accessible at Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (ID: PACTR202011804563392).

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