scholarly journals CUMULATIVE DISADVANTAGE OF EARLY-LIFE ADVERSITY AND HEALTH IN MIDLIFE AND LATER ADULTHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S350-S351
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Kong ◽  
Agus Surachman ◽  
Deborah Carr
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Abstract Cumulative dis/advantage (CDA) framework is one of the most influential theoretical frameworks in understanding how early adversity creates health disparities across adulthood. The CDA model posits that adverse experiences early in life may lead to subsequent adversities over time and accumulates across the life course. Various studies have shown that middle-aged and later adulthood are periods when accumulated disadvantages proliferate, resulting in heightened risks for an individual’s health and well-being. This symposium includes four presentations that build on such existing knowledge, and its primary aim was to further examine the complexity of how various types of adverse childhood experiences may influence physical and psychological health in middle and later adulthood. This symposium addresses a wide range of early adversities, including low socioeconomic status, parental maltreatment, and household dysfunctions. The four presentations also focus on examining various aspects of physical and psychological health outcomes in later adulthood, including measures of body mass index, physical functional ability, somatic symptoms, and clinical risk for rapid declines in kidney function. Furthermore, these presentations will demonstrate the utilization of innovative and robust methodological approaches, including latent class analysis, multilevel structural equation modeling, and latent growth modeling on examining the association between early life adversity on the long-term trajectory of change in health status using large-scale longitudinal data. Lastly, this symposium consists of an outstanding group of multidisciplinary presenters with diverse backgrounds who aim to enhance the understanding of the processes and mechanisms of CDA and how they affect individuals’ life courses.

Work from home: Indonesian employees' mental well-being and productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auditya Purwandini Sutarto ◽  
Shanti Wardaningsih ◽  
Wika Harisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Well Being

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore to what extent employees' mental well-being affects their productivity while working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 crisis and whether mental well-being and productivity differ across some socio-demographic factors.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with online questionnaires was designed with 472 valid responses in Indonesia. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were administered. Non-parametric tests and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the data.FindingsThe prevalence of depression was 18.4%, anxiety 46.4% and stress 13.1%, with relatively good productivity. Gender, age, education level, job experiences, marital status, number of children and nature of the organization were associated with the employees' psychological health but not with their productivity, while the workspace availability influenced both outcomes. The study path model showed the negative correlation between WFH employees' psychological well-being and productivity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study may contribute to the implication of current mandatory WFH on mental well-being and productivity. Further studies need to address the representativeness and generalizability issues as well as incorporating potential stressors.Practical implicationsOrganizations may adopt WFH as a future working arrangement and identify the individual and occupational characteristics that provide the most impacts on productivity. It is also necessary for them to develop proper strategies to mitigate the psychological risks and overcome the WFH challenges.Originality/valueThere is still a lack of studies investigating the relationship between simultaneous effects of WFH on psychological well-being and productivity, and how they affect some socio-demographic variables in the context of COVID-19.

The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Well-Being on Performance of Soccer Players: An Inclusive Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sinan Yildirim ◽  
Ziya Koruç
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Equation Modeling

The current study focuses on the effect of transformational leadership on athletes’ performance in the mediation of psychological need satisfaction, burnout, competition anxiety, life satisfaction, and positive–negative affect. The sample consisted of 391 soccer players aged between 16 and 20 years. Six scales were used in this study: Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Needs Satisfaction Scale, Athlete Burnout Measure, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, and Sport Competition Anxiety Test. The method of Vallerand was preferred to measure performance, and structural equation modeling was employed to analyze data. The model data fit was also verified. It was found that the transformational leadership behaviors of coaches signally influence athletes’ performance either directly or indirectly. From another perspective, increasing the psychological health or well-being of  athletes has important effects on sport performance.

scholarly journals “Furry tales”: pet ownership’s influence on subjective well-being during Covid-19 times

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Damberg ◽  
Lena Frömbling
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Need Support

AbstractThe social distancing required during Covid-19 times tended to make people feel lonelier than usual. Those with pets might, however, have experienced this less, because pets are known for fostering their owners’ subjective well-being. Building on a recently published structural equation model, our study enhances the understanding of subjective well-being by including the construct social distancing during Covid-19 times. In order to answer our research question—How does human-pet relationship need support influence subjective well-being by considering social isolation during Covid-19 times?—we build on the basic needs theory, assuming that humans as well as their pets have an inherent need of autonomy, relatedness, and competence. Using a multivariate data analysis method, namely partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), we establish a path model and examine the relationship between human-pet relationship need support and subjective well-being by including psychological distress and social isolation during Covid-19 times as mediators. We operationalize subjective well-being as a three-dimensional construct consisting of positive affect, happiness, and life satisfaction. In a sample of 215 pet owners in the USA, supporting their need increases subjective well-being, and decreases the psychological distress and loneliness caused by social isolation during Covid-19 times. Furthermore, psychological distress decreases subjective well-being, whereas perceived loneliness during Covid-19 times does not. Our main contributions are to not only enhance our knowledge on the importance of human-pet relationships in critical times, but also to provide policy makers with insights into what influences people’s subjective well-being, which is closely related to their psychological health.

scholarly journals Modeling the Workplace Bullying the Mediator of “Workplace Climate-Employee Health” Relationship

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Mehwish Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Organizational Interventions ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Mobbing is relatively new concept for behavioral scientists, which illustrates in the form of unfriendly behavior of employee at workplace. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between organizational climate, workplace bullying and workers health in Higher education institutes of Pakistan. In addition, this study investigates how workplace bullying acts as a mediator between organizational climate and workers physical & psychological health. Structural equation modeling and path analysis was conducted using the AMOS software program. The reliability of the questionnaire is measured by Cronbach's coefficient alpha (α). The results from the study show a Cronbach's α score of each dimensional scale: organizational climate has been measured on the basis of 7 factors. Reliability of each factor has been calculated like the first factor leadership has been measure through 4 items. Direct and indirect effects were calculated in order to test the endogenous and exogenous variables. The results derived from seventeen Higher Educational Institutes, which comprises 9 public and 8 private educational institutions of Pakistan that indicates the fitness of the extended model and depicted that workplace bullying mediates the relationship of organizational climate and workers health. Organizational climate causes workplace bullying that affect workers physical and psychological health. The basic cause of bullying at workplace is the organizational climate along with its various elements that can better contribute in making valuable strategies to manage workplace bullying. It is important to emphasize that these findings might be used effectively in order to guide organizational interventions and theoretical developments.

Grit is Associated with Lower Depression via Meaning in Life among Filipino High School Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Alfonso D. Datu ◽  
Ronnel B. King ◽  
Jana Patricia M. Valdez ◽  
Maria Socorro M. Eala
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Presence Of Meaning ◽  
Study Results

Grit—passion and perseverance for long-term goals—has been linked to a wide array of positive academic and psychological outcomes. However, limited research has been conducted to explore the association of grit with different indicators of well-being and psychological health. The primary objective of this study was to assess the associations among grit, meaning in life, and depression. There were 447 Filipino high school students who participated in the study. Results of structural equation modeling showed that grit was linked to higher levels of meaning in life dimensions (i.e., presence of meaning and search for meaning in life) and presence of meaning was associated with lower depression. Bias-corrected bootstrapping revealed that grit had an indirect negative influence on depression through the intermediate variable—presence of meaning in life. Theoretical and practical implications are elucidated.

Three Sixteenth-Century Dietaries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Publication History ◽  
Introductory Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
First Time

Early modern dietaries are prose texts recommending the best way to maintain physical and psychological well-being. This modern spelling edition is the first to make available to a modern audience three of the most important dietaries from the sixteenth century. The dietaries contained in this volume are Thomas Elyot's Castle of Health, Andrew Boorde's Compendious Regiment, and William Bullein's Government of Health, all popular and influential works that were typical of the genre. These works are here introduced, contextualized and, most importantly, edited for the first time, thus making them more readily available to scholars and students of Renaissance culture. Dietaries illuminate attitudes to food and diet in the period as well as ideas about how lifestyle impacts upon physical and psychological health, for example how much and what type of exercise one should take and how to sleep (for how long and in what position). Introductory material explores the dietary genre, its relationship to humanism, humoral theory, and the wide range of authorities with which the dietary authories engaged. The volume also provides an introduction to each of the works, including a biography of the author and a discussion of what is distinct about their book as well as an examination of the bibliographical and publication history of their dietary. In addition, the reader will benefit from comprehensive explanatory notes and appendices that provide prefaces to earlier editions, a glossary of words commonly used, and a list of authorities and works cited or alluded to in the dietaries.

scholarly journals Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling of the Influences of Family-Centered Care on Parent and Child Psychological Health

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Dunst ◽  
Carol M. Trivette
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Centered Care ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Family Centered

Background. Family-centered care is now practiced throughout the world by physicians, nurses, and allied health care professionals. The call for adoption of family-centered care is based on the contention that the physical and psychological health of a child is influenced by parents' psychological health where family-centered care enhances parent well-being which in turn influences child well-being. We empirically assessed whether these relationships are supported by available evidence.Method. Meta-analytic structural equation modeling was used to test the direct and indirect influences of family-centered care and self-efficacy beliefs on parent and child psychological health. Data from more than 2900 parents and other caregivers in 15 studies were used for the analyses.Results. Family-centered care had indirect effects on parent and child psychological health mediated by self-efficacy beliefs.Conclusion. The relationships posited in the literature about family-centered care were supported by the study results.

scholarly journals Dead or alive: The interplay of grandparental investment according to the survival status of other grandparent types

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuli Helle ◽  
Antti O Tanskanen ◽  
Jenni Pettay ◽  
Mirkka Danielsbacka
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Inclusive Fitness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survival Status ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Grandparental Investment

BACKGROUNDAccording to the kin selection theory, grandparental investment has its evolutionary roots in the individuals’ aim to maximise their inclusive fitness. Owing to an increasing overlap between successive generations in modern affluent populations, the importance of grandparental investment remains high. Despite the growing literature on this topic, there is limited knowledge regarding how the survival status of different grandparent types influences each other’s investment in grandchildren. OBJECTIVEThe present study examined how the survival status of grandparents influenced grandparental investment among other grandparent types using a wide range of grandparental investment variables divided into two latent constructs measuring relationship quality between grandparents and grandchildren and grandparental involvement in grandchildren.METHODSWe used Bayesian structural equation modeling with multiple-indicator latent variables and the Involved Grandparenting and Child Well-Being Survey, providing nationally representative data of British and Welsh adolescents aged 11–16-years.RESULTSMaternal grandmothers’ investment was most strongly influenced by whether other grandparents were dead or alive. Living maternal grandfathers and paternal grandmothers had an almost identical positive influence on the investment of maternal grandmothers in their grandchildren. Weaker evidence suggested that living maternal grandmothers decreased the investment of paternal grandmothers and grandfathers. CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest the opposite influences of the survival status of paternal and maternal grandmothers on their investment. The results are discussed with reference to kin competition and incidental exposure.CONTRIBUTIONThe current study represents the first attempt to test whether the survival status of other grandparents is associated with focal grandparents’ investment within and between lineages.

scholarly journals A Science of Hope? Tracing Emergent Entanglements between the Biology of Early Life Adversity, Trauma-informed Care, and Restorative Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 016224392097409
Author(s):  
Ruth Müller ◽  
Martha Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed

The biology of early life adversity explores how social experiences early in life affect physical and psychological health and well-being throughout the life course. In our previous work, we argued that narratives emerging from and about this research field tend to focus on harm and lasting damage with little discussion of reversibility and resilience. However, as the Science and Technology Studies literature has demonstrated, scientific research can be actively taken up and transformed as it moves through social worlds. Drawing on fieldwork with actors in education and juvenile corrections in the US Pacific Northwest, we found that they employed the biology of early life adversity not only to promote prevention but also to argue for changes within their own institutions that would allow them to better serve children and youth who have experienced adversity and trauma. Our study shows that biosocial narratives are neither inherently liberatory nor inherently oppressive but that the situated narrative choreographies in which they are enrolled are essential for their political effects. In our case, we show how these biosocial narratives have been articulated with knowledge and practices from restorative justice and trauma-informed care to reimagine the social meaning of the biology of early life adversity.

scholarly journals Multiple skills underlie arithmetic performance: A large-scale structural equation modeling analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarit Ashkenazi ◽  
Sarit Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mathematics Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Wide Range

Current theoretical approaches point to the importance of several cognitive skills not specific to mathematics for the etiology of mathematics disorders (MD). In the current study, we examined the role of many of these skills, specifically: rapid automatized naming, attention, reading, and visual perception, on mathematics performance among a large group of college students (N = 1,322) with a wide range of arithmetic proficiency. Using factor analysis, we discovered that our data clustered to four latent variables 1) mathematics, 2) perception speed, 3) attention and 4) reading. In subsequent structural equation modeling, we found that the latent variable perception speed had a strong and meaningful effect on mathematics performance. Moreover, sustained attention, independent from the effect of the latent variable perception speed, had a meaningful, direct effect on arithmetic fact retrieval and procedural knowledge. The latent variable reading had a modest effect on mathematics performance. Specifically, reading comprehension, independent from the effect of the latent variable reading, had a meaningful direct effect on mathematics, and particularly on number line knowledge. Attention, tested by the attention network test, had no effect on mathematics, reading or perception speed. These results indicate that multiple factors can affect mathematics performance supporting a heterogeneous approach to mathematics. These results have meaningful implications for the diagnosis and intervention of pure and comorbid learning disorders.

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