CYNICAL HOSTILITY AND LONELINESS AS PREDICTORS OF COGNITIVE DECLINE IN OLDER AMERICANS

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (Suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 535-535
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Cynical Hostility

Isolation, Not Loneliness or Cynical Hostility, Predicts Cognitive Decline in Older Americans

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Griffin ◽  
Briana Mezuk ◽  
Allison Baylor Williams ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Bruce D. Rybarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Cynical Hostility ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Retirement Study

Objective: To jointly examine isolation, loneliness, and cynical hostility as risk factors for cognitive decline in older adults. Method: Data came from the 2006 to 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a longitudinal study of U.S. older adults (age ⩾ 65 years, n = 6,654). Measures included frequency of contact with social network (objective isolation), the Hughes Loneliness Scale (loneliness), a modified version of the Cook–Medley Hostility Inventory (cynical hostility), and a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (cognitive function). Multilevel modeling (random slope + intercept) was used to examine the association between these factors and trajectories of cognitive function. Results and Discussion: After controlling for demographic characteristics, self-reported health, and functional limitations, loneliness (β = −.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.56, −0.11), and cynical hostility (β = −.14, 95% CI = [−0.24, −0.04) correlated with lower cognitive function, but none predicted change in cognitive function. Objective social isolation was associated with lower cognitive function (β = −.27, 95% CI = [−0.41, −0.12]) and steeper decline in cognitive function (β = −.09, 95% CI = [−0.16, −0.01]).

scholarly journals AGE-SPECIFIC VIEWS ON INVASIVE AND NON-INVASIVE HUMAN ENHANCEMENTS FOR COGNITIVE DECLINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S327-S328
Author(s):  
G Rainville ◽  
Laura Skufca ◽  
Madeline Eller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract This research examines the degree to which younger and older Americans approve of addressing cognitive decline using either a pill-based or an implant-based intervention to restore prior functioning. Half of a probability-based online sample expressed concerns over side effects and levels of approval for a pill-based intervention whereas the remainder of the sample did so for a relatively invasive implant-based enhancement (data were interviews of 2,025 American adults gathered by NORC’s AmeriSpeak panel as part of the AARP Human Enhancements study). We predicted and found that relative disapproval of the implant-based intervention was only significant among those with high concerns over side effects. However, when looking at two age groups for which cognitive decline differed in salience, relative disapproval of the implant-based enhancements were relatively stronger for those 50 and older even among those with few concerns over side effects. This age-based aversion to invasive forms of enhancements may have public health implications in that the subgroup who may most-immediately benefit from the enhancement and may be in the market for only non-invasive enhancements. It is not clear if such enhancements, however, could be delivered via a pill or other non-invasive forms.

Aging, PEOU, and adoption of communication technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Anyuan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Actual Use

Purpose Electronic communication technology can facilitate communications with family, friends and health-care professionals and deliver products and services that can significantly raise quality of life for the aging population. However, technology use by older Americans lags behind that of younger Americans. This paper aims to explore physiological decline and cognitive decline as underlying causes or antecedents that may uniquely contribute to predicting perceived ease of use (PEOU) and actual use of technology over and beyond chronological age among older adults. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected by University of Michigan’s 2012 Health and Retirement Study from a national sample of 1,686 respondents age 50 or older. Data were analyzed with the Mplus software package. The conceptual framework was estimated with a path analysis model. Findings Results indicated that physiological decline (vision, hearing and health) and cognitive decline (memory) made a significant unique contribution to predicting PEOU and actual use of technology above and beyond chronological age. Implications for marketing technology-based products and services to older Americans were discussed. Originality/value This research has identified and empirically tested how variability in physiological decline and cognitive decline could uniquely predict use of communication technologies, directly and indirectly via PEOU, above and beyond chronological age.

scholarly journals Education and Cognitive Decline in Older Americans

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Alley ◽  
Kristen Suthers ◽  
Eileen Crimmins
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Older Americans

scholarly journals Weather Woes? Exploring Potential Links between Precipitation and Age-Related Cognitive Decline

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9011
Author(s):  
Jessica Finlay ◽  
Anam Khan ◽  
Carina Gronlund ◽  
Ketlyne Sol ◽  
Joy Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Stroke Study

Rain, snow, or ice may discourage older adults from leaving their homes with potential consequences for social isolation, decreased physical activity, and cognitive decline. This study is the first to examine potential links between annual precipitation exposure and cognitive function in a large population-based cohort of older Americans. We examined the association between precipitation (percent of days with snow or rain in the past year) and cognitive function in 25,320 individuals aged 45+ from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study. Linear mixed models assessed the relationship between precipitation and cognitive function, as well as rates of change in cognitive function with age. We found a non-linear relationship between precipitation and cognitive function. Compared to those exposed to infrequent precipitation (less than 20% of days with rain/snow in the past year), cognitive function was higher among older adults experiencing moderately frequent precipitation (20–40% of annual days with precipitation). However, beyond more than about 45% of days with precipitation in the past year, there was a negative association between precipitation and cognitive function, with faster rates of cognitive decline with age. These exploratory findings motivate further research to better understand the complex role of precipitation for late-life cognitive function.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity and Cognitive Decline Over 14 Years in Older Americans

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1206-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Y Wei ◽  
Deborah A Levine ◽  
Laura B Zahodne ◽  
Mohammed U Kabeto ◽  
Kenneth M Langa
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Global Cognition

Abstract Background Multimorbidity is associated with greater disability and accelerated declines in physical functioning over time in older adults. However, less is known about its effect on cognitive decline. Methods Participants without dementia from the Health and Retirement Study were interviewed about physician-diagnosed conditions, from which their multimorbidity-weighted index (MWI) that weights diseases to physical functioning was computed. We used linear mixed-effects models to examine the predictor MWI with the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICSm, global cognition), 10-word immediate recall and delayed recall, and serial 7s outcomes biennially after adjusting for baseline cognition and covariates. Results Fourteen thousand two hundred sixty-five participants, 60% female, contributed 73,700 observations. Participants had a mean ± SD age 67 ± 9.3 years and MWI 4.4 ± 3.9 at baseline. Each point increase in MWI was associated with declines in global cognition (0.04, 95% CI: 0.03–0.04 TICSm), immediate recall (0.01, 95% CI: 0.01–0.02 words), delayed recall (0.01, 95% CI: 0.01–0.02 words), and working memory (0.01, 95% CI: 0.01–0.02 serial 7s; all p < .001). Multimorbidity was associated with faster declines in global cognition (0.003 points/year faster, 95% CI: 0.002–0.004), immediate recall (0.001 words/year faster, 95% CI: 0.001–0.002), and working memory (0.006 incorrect serial 7s/year faster, 95% CI: 0.004–0.009; all p < .001), but not delayed recall compared with premorbid slopes. Conclusions Multimorbidity using a validated index weighted to physical functioning was associated with acute decline in cognition and accelerated and persistent cognitive decline over 14 years. This study supports an ongoing geriatric syndrome of coexisting physical and cognitive impairment in adults with multimorbidity. Clinicians should monitor and address both domains in older multimorbid adults.

Older Americans' access to oral health care

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Dolan ◽  
CR Corey ◽  
HE Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Older Americans

Activity Engagement in Cognitive Aging: A Review of the Evidence

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Rogalski ◽  
Muriel Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

The population of older adults is rapidly increasing, as is the number and type of products and interventions proposed to prevent or reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline. Advocacy and prevention are part of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s (ASHA’s) scope of practice documents, and speech-language pathologists must have basic awareness of the evidence contributing to healthy cognitive aging. In this article, we provide a brief overview outlining the evidence on activity engagement and its effects on cognition in older adults. We explore the current evidence around the activities of eating and drinking with a discussion on the potential benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, alcohol, and coffee. We investigate the evidence on the hypothesized neuroprotective effects of social activity, the evidence on computerized cognitive training, and the emerging behavioral and neuroimaging evidence on physical activity. We conclude that actively aging using a combination of several strategies may be our best line of defense against cognitive decline.

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