scholarly journals High-resolution phase-velocity maps using data from an earthquake recorded at regional distances by a dense broad-band seismic network

2014 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 1504-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Arthur Snoke ◽  
Linda M. Warren ◽  
David E. James
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Automatic moment tensor determination for the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network.

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1308
Author(s):  
N. Triantafyllis ◽  
E. Sokos ◽  
A. Ilias
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Seismic Station ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
First Case ◽  
Inversion Procedure ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Seismic Networks

Modern seismic networks with broadband sensors and real time digital telemetry made Moment Tensor (MT) determination a routine procedure. Automatic MT’s are now provided by global networks and a few very dense regional networks, within minutes after a significant event. An automatic MT determination wasn’t possible for the broader Hellenic area since seismic station density wasn’t sufficient. The creation of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) provided the opportunity to apply an automated MT procedure using the available broad band data from almost    one hundred stations. Thus the ISOLA code was extended towards the automatic operation based on Linux OS shell scripts, stand alone Fortran codes and SAC2000. Software supports both manual and automatic mode; at the first case, the user manually runs the program with the desired input parameters while at the latter, the system monitors a mailbox or RSS feed and if it receives an appropriate notification triggers the MT inversion procedure based on certain conditions. As it is setup now it calculates automatically the moment tensor of earthquakes larger than 3.5M  w using data from HUSN. Application of an automated MT inversion procedure for HUSN will provide important real time information for studies like ground motion evaluation, tsunami warning etc.

scholarly journals Joint Discussion 4 UV astronomy: stars from birth to death

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (14) ◽  
pp. 169-194
Author(s):  
Ana I. Gómez de Castro ◽  
Martin A. Barstow
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Mission Planning ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Uv Astronomy ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
The Moment

AbstractThe scientific program is presented as well a the abstracts of the contributions. An extended account is published in “The Ultraviolet Universe: stars from birth to death” (Ed. Gómez de Castro) published by the Editorial Complutense de Madrid (UCM), that can be accessed by electronic format through the website of the Network for UV Astronomy (www.ucm.es/info/nuva).There are five telescopes currently in orbit that have a UV capability of some description. At the moment, only FUSE provides any medium- to high-resolution spectroscopic capability. GALEX, the XMM UV-Optical Telescope (UVOT) and the Swift. UVOT mainly delivers broad-band imaging, but with some low-resolution spectroscopy using grisms. The primary UV spectroscopic capability of HST was lost when the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph failed in 2004, but UV imaging is still available with the HST-WFPC2 and HST-ACS instruments.With the expected limited lifetime of sl FUSE, UV spectroscopy will be effectively unavailable in the short-term future. Even if a servicing mission of HST does go ahead, to install COS and repair STIS, the availability of high-resolution spectroscopy well into the next decade will not have been addressed. Therefore, it is important to develop new missions to complement and follow on from the legacy of FUSE and HST, as well as the smaller imaging/low resolution spectroscopy facilities. This contribution presents an outline of the UV projects, some of which are already approved for flight, while others are still at the proposal/study stage of their development.This contribution outlines the main results from Joint Discussion 04 held during the IAU General Assembly in Prague, August 2006, concerning the rationale behind the needs of the astronomical community, in particular the stellar astrophysics community, for new UV instrumentation. Recent results from UV observations were presented and future science goals were laid out. These goals will lay the framework for future mission planning.

scholarly journals Impacts of Spatial Heterogeneity and Temporal Non-Stationarity on Intensity-Duration-Frequency Estimates—A Case Study in a Mountainous California-Nevada Watershed

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiying Ren ◽  
Z. Jason Hou ◽  
Mark Wigmosta ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
L. Ruby Leung
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Engineering Standards ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Using Data

Changes in extreme precipitation events may require revisions of civil engineering standards to prevent water infrastructures from performing below the designated guidelines. Climate change may invalidate the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) computation that is based on the assumption of data stationarity. Efforts in evaluating non-stationarity in the annual maxima series are inadequate, mostly due to the lack of long data records and convenient methods for detecting trends in the higher moments. In this study, using downscaled high resolution climate simulations of the historical and future periods under different carbon emission scenarios, we tested two solutions to obtain reliable IDFs under non-stationarity: (1) identify quasi-stationary time windows from the time series of interest to compute the IDF curves using data for the corresponding time windows; (2) introduce a parameter representing the trend in the means of the extreme value distributions. Focusing on a mountainous site, the Walker Watershed, the spatial heterogeneity and variability of IDFs or extremes are evaluated, particularly in terms of the terrain and elevation impacts. We compared observations-based IDFs that use the stationarity assumption with the two approaches that consider non-stationarity. The IDFs directly estimated based on the traditional stationarity assumption may underestimate the 100-year 24-h events by 10% to 60% towards the end of the century at most grids, resulting in significant under-designing of the engineering infrastructure at the study site. Strong spatial heterogeneity and variability in the IDF estimates suggest a preference for using high resolution simulation data for the reliable estimation of exceedance probability over data from sparsely distributed weather stations. Discrepancies among the three IDFs analyses due to non-stationarity are comparable to the spatial variability of the IDFs, underscoring a need to use an ensemble of non-stationary approaches to achieve unbiased and comprehensive IDF estimates.

scholarly journals An environmental dependence of the physical and structural properties in the Hydra cluster galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 1323-1339
Author(s):  
Ciria Lima-Dias ◽  
Antonela Monachesi ◽  
Sergio Torres-Flores ◽  
Arianna Cortesi ◽  
Daniel Hernández-Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Cluster Galaxies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stellar Masses ◽  
Environmental Dependence

ABSTRACT The nearby Hydra cluster (∼50 Mpc) is an ideal laboratory to understand, in detail, the influence of the environment on the morphology and quenching of galaxies in dense environments. We study the Hydra cluster galaxies in the inner regions (1R200) of the cluster using data from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey, which uses 12 narrow and broad-band filters in the visible region of the spectrum. We analyse structural (Sérsic index, effective radius) and physical (colours, stellar masses, and star formation rates) properties. Based on this analysis, we find that ∼88 per cent of the Hydra cluster galaxies are quenched. Using the Dressler–Schectman test approach, we also find that the cluster shows possible substructures. Our analysis of the phase-space diagram together with density-based spatial clustering algorithm indicates that Hydra shows an additional substructure that appears to be in front of the cluster centre, which is still falling into it. Our results, thus, suggest that the Hydra cluster might not be relaxed. We analyse the median Sérsic index as a function of wavelength and find that for red [(u − r) ≥2.3] and early-type galaxies it displays a slight increase towards redder filters (13 and 18 per cent, for red and early type, respectively), whereas for blue + green [(u − r)<2.3] galaxies it remains constant. Late-type galaxies show a small decrease of the median Sérsic index towards redder filters. Also, the Sérsic index of galaxies, and thus their structural properties, do not significantly vary as a function of clustercentric distance and density within the cluster; and this is the case regardless of the filter.

scholarly journals Analysis of High-Resolution QTL Markers Associated with Rice Yields Using Data for Two Consecutive Years in Different Environmental Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 06 (11) ◽  
pp. 818-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-Jin Son ◽  
Gyu-Ho Lee ◽  
Hyun-Suk Lee ◽  
Tri Handoyo ◽  
Byung-Wook Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals A simple, high-resolution, non-destructive method for determining the spatial gradient of the elastic modulus of insect cuticle

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (145) ◽  
pp. 20180312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S h. Eshghi ◽  
M. Jafarpour ◽  
A. Darvizeh ◽  
S. N. Gorb ◽  
H. Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Spatial Gradient ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Small Complex ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Non Destructive

Nature has evolved structures with high load-carrying capacity and long-term durability. The principles underlying the functionality of such structures, if studied systematically, can inspire the design of more efficient engineering systems. An important step in this process is to characterize the material properties of the structure under investigation. However, direct mechanical measurements on small complex-shaped biological samples involve numerous technical challenges. To overcome these challenges, we developed a method for estimation of the elastic modulus of insect cuticle, the second most abundant biological composite in nature, through simple light microscopy. In brief, we established a quantitative link between the autofluorescence of different constituent materials of insect cuticle, and the resulting mechanical properties. This approach was verified using data on cuticular structures of three different insect species. The method presented in this study allows three-dimensional visualisation of the elastic modulus, which is impossible with any other available technique. This is especially important for precise finite-element modelling of cuticle, which is known to have spatially graded properties. Considering the simplicity, ease of implementation and high-resolution of the results, our method is a crucial step towards a better understanding of material–function relationships in insect cuticle, and can potentially be adapted for other graded biological materials.

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