Introduction: Strategy in the Contemporary World:

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baylis ◽  
James J. Wirtz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Systems ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Strategic Studies

This edition explores the role of military power in the contemporary world and the changes that have occurred over the last decade. It examines the debates about whether there has been a revolution in military affairs and the future of warfare, given the phenomenal pace of innovation in electronics and computer systems, which is often referred to as cyberwar. It also considers the strategic implications of the changing structure of global politics and the role of U.S. military power in a world in transition, along with the continuing relevance of various theories of peace and security. This introduction discusses strategic studies, criticisms levelled against strategic studies, and the relationship between strategic studies and security studies.

scholarly journals Strategy in the Contemporary World

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Operational Issues ◽  
Historical Issues ◽  
The Relationship

Strategy in the Contemporary World presents an introduction to the role of military power in today's world. This edition explores both the enduring and historical issues which have shaped the study of strategy and the contemporary issues that dominate today's headlines. The new edition has been updated to reflect the changing structure of global politics and rapid technological developments, with the inclusion of four new chapters on the history of the practice of strategy, geopolitics and grand strategy, strategy and defence planning, and the theory and practice of continental warfare. These address issues such as the history of warfare from the Ancient Greek to Napoleonic eras; the relationship between strategy and operational issues; and the theory-practice relationship, via four case studies. Chapters presents readers with a diversity of perspectives and voices, and in each a debate box is employed to explore the opposing arguments around key controversies.

The Global Politics of Maternality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Anna L. Weissman ◽  
Lucy B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter emphasizes that motherhood matters in global politics. Beginning from the position that the institution of motherhood is complicated and constructed in diverse ways across diverse settings, the chapter traces the work and influence of feminist contributions to the theorizing of motherhood and maternity to explore the ways in which practices of global politics shape and are shaped by the institution of motherhood. Calling attention to the increasing and at times deadly infringements on women’s reproductive rights across the globe, the chapter explains the role of reproduction as central to the site of maternity and motherhood, negotiating the relationship between women, reproductive bodies, and the state, and how the gendered logics of war frequently rely on maternal imagery, discourse, and representation. The chapter concludes with a description of the volume’s three sections and individual chapter contributions.

5. Strategic Culture

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Lantis ◽  
Darryl Howlett
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Nuclear Strategy ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Issues

This chapter examines the scholarly and policymaking relevance of strategic culture in the contemporary world. Strategic culture may challenge and at the same time enrich prevailing neo-realist assumptions regarding strategy and security. It bridges material and ideational explanations of state behaviour, adding valuable perspectives to understand different countries' contemporary security policy choices. The chapter first considers approaches that address the relationship between culture and nuclear strategy during the cold war before discussing theoretical issues related to strategic culture, including the contribution of constructivism to security studies; the question of ‘ownership’ of strategic culture; and whether non-state, state, and multi-state actors can possess distinctive strategic cultures. It also reviews recent work that explores the link between strategic culture and the acquisition of and threats to use weapons of mass destruction.

Women, Peace, and Security: Mapping the (Re)Production of a Policy Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kirby ◽  
Laura J Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Norm Diffusion ◽  
State Action ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Conventional Models

Abstract The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda is a global peace and security architecture conventionally understood as emerging from a suite of UN Security Council resolutions and accompanying member state action plans over the last twenty years. The agenda serves as a major international gender equality initiative in its own right and as a prominent example of the broadening of security practices in global politics. In this paper, we present the first truly systematic analysis of the agenda, drawing on a novel dataset of 213 WPS policy documents from across the UN system, national government initiatives, and regional and international organizations published between 2000 and 2018. We argue that the degree of variation in the WPS agenda is frequently underestimated in conventional models of norm diffusion and policy transfer, and instead propose an account of the agenda as a dynamic ecosystem shaped by reproduction and contestation. Our empirical mapping runs counter to established narratives about the development of the agenda, producing insights into the pace and location of the growth of WPS; the hierarchy of its key “pillars”; the emergence of new issues; the development of rival versions of the agenda; and the role of domestic institutions in shaping WPS policy. We find support for the claim that the WPS agenda is pluralizing in significant ways and provide illustrations of points of fracture within the agenda at large. Our argument has significant implications for the WPS research agenda and for scholarship on security norms and policy more broadly.

scholarly journals Tecnologia, ciência e o papel da educação: a ponderação da crítica de Theodor W. Adorno

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Monteiro Chaves ◽  
Gomercindo Ghiggi
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Consideration

Resumo: Considerando o avanço das tecnologias bem como o binômio indissociável formado por ela e pela ciência – e consequentemente atrelados à educação –, configurando práticas enraizadas culturalmente na sociedade atual, o presente artigo traz como objetivo central discutir a relação da técnica (tékhné) com a concepção de homem que se quer formar, à luz das críticas adornianas. Ponderando o imperativo de subverter a ideologia utilitarista da educação, tal reflexão se justifica pela necessidade de compreensão do papel do educador, bem como da instituição escolar, mediante tal avanço nos últimos tempos. Concluindo que esta relação não pode suceder de maneira alienada, acrítica e indiferente, pois uma educação após Auschwitz deve certamente estar receptiva à relevância essencial da tecnologia em um mundo contemporâneo. No entanto, não é o sujeito que está a serviço dela e sim a relação contrária, em que o educando possa valer-se dos recursos tecnológicos como mais uma dimensão do agir humano. Como potente braço prolongado do operari humano, pensada como acontecimento paradigmático na história do ser. Palavras-chave: Theodor Adorno; tecnologia; educação; professor. TECHNOLOGY, SCIENCE AND THE ROLE OF EDUCATION: A CRITICAL CONSIDERATION OF THEODOR W. ADORNO Abstract: Considering the advancement of technologies as well as the inseparable duo formed by her and science - and thus tied to education - setting culturally rooted practices in today's society, this paper aims at discussing the relationship of technique (tékhné) with the concept of man constructed in the light of adornian criticism. Given the imperative to subvert the utilitarian ideology of education. Such reflection is justified by the necessity of understanding the role of the educator as well as the school, by this advance in recent times. Concluding that this relationship can not succeed in an alienated, uncritical and indifferent way, since an education after Auschwitz should certainly be receptive to the special importance of technology in a contemporary world. However, it is not the subject who is in her service, but the opposite relationship, in which the student can make use of technological resources as another dimension of human action. A powerful extended arm of human operari, thought as paradigmatic event in the history of being. Keywords: Theodor Adorno; technology; education; teacher.  

14. Conventional Power and Contemporary Warfare

2018 ◽  
pp. 238-254
Author(s):  
John Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
New World ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
China And India ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
Urban Warfare

This chapter examines how conventional power shapes warfare in the contemporary world. It considers the present and emerging state of conventional military power, how conventional forces function in areas such as distant strike and urban warfare, and how their role differs from that of other forms of force, including terrorism and weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). The chapter first provides a historical background to demonstrate the important role played by conventional power in war before discussing the rise of new world orders in 1945, 1989 and 2001. It then describes states possessing power and hyperpower, along with the revolution in military affairs and how developing countries may trump it through various strategies. It also shows how the distribution of conventional power is changing, noting that Western countries are in decline and new world powers are emerging, especially China and India.

1. Introduction: Strategy in the Contemporary World

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
John Baylis ◽  
James J. Wirtz
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Irregular Warfare ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Causes Of War ◽  
Strategic Studies

This book examines strategy in the contemporary world. Part I considers the enduring issues that animate the study of strategy and tackles topics ranging from the causes of war to questions about culture, morality, and war. Part II deals with issues that fuel strategic debates, with chapters on terrorism and irregular warfare, nuclear weapons, arms control, weapons of mass destruction, conventional military power, peacekeeping and humanitarian intervention, and cyberwar. Part III discusses critical and non-Western approaches to the study of strategy and security that have emerged in recent years and concludes by reflecting on future prospects for strategic studies. This introduction provides an overview of strategic studies, criticisms that are made of strategic studies, and how strategic studies relates to security studies.

8. Critical Interventions:

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marshall Beier
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Capacity To Act ◽  
Security Discourse ◽  
Security Practices ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
Referent Object

This chapter explores some unconventional questions about somewhat unconventional subjects for Security Studies, a field that has traditionally been more inclined to focus on states in its investigations. In particular, it examines concepts such as ‘acting subject(s)’, which concerns who or what is acting to produce security or insecurity; ‘agency’, which refers to the capacity to act; ‘subjecthood’, which suggests mastery of one’s own agency or the idea that actions are products of one’s autonomous choices; and referent object(s), which are whom or what we seek to make secure. The chapter also discusses ‘smart’ bombs and other advanced weapons of the so-called Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) that moved into popular consciousness beginning with the 1991 Gulf War. Finally, it considers the role of children and Indigenous peoples both in security discourse and actual security practices.

Security Council Legislation, Article 2(7) of the UN Charter, and the Principle of Subsidiarity

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS TSAGOURIAS
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Member States ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Law Making

AbstractThis article considers the relationship between the United Nations and its member states in view of the Security Council's assertion of legislative powers. It claims that the exponential growth in UN powers at the expense of the powers of its member states cannot be arrested by legal means, because of the nature of the UN system and the absence of legally enforceable criteria and compulsory dispute-settlement mechanisms. For this reason, it proposes a different approach to law-making in the area of international peace and security – one that is built around the principle of subsidiarity, as reflected in Article 2(7) of the UN Charter. The role of the principle of subsidiarity in this respect is to determine which authority is best suited to exercise legislative power and how such power should be exercised in order to attain the objective of peace and security more efficiently. It is thus contended that the principle of subsidiarity promotes co-operative relations between the United Nations and its member states by protecting the latters' jurisdictional authority from unnecessary interference.

The Politicisation of Security: Controversy, Mobilisation, Arena Shifting.

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Hagmann ◽  
Hendrik Hegemann ◽  
Andrew W. Neal
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

While security has always been political, it has for the most part been considered a special kind of politics that closes down political activity and debate. This introduction reviews recent theoretical and empirical developments to argue that a research agenda that re-engages security through the prism of politicisation is better able to elucidate the growing range of actors, arenas and arguments visible in contemporary security governance. Based on recent literatures from Political Science and European Studies that – so far – have been largely ignored by Security Studies, it develops an analytical framework around three dimensions: controversy, mobilisation and arena-shifting. It showcases the relevance of this perspective through brief empirical illustrations on the post-Snowden controversy, public participation on security strategy-making, and the role of parliaments in security policy. The overall aim is to reopen conceptual questions on the relationship between security and politics, inspire innovative empirical work to study the diverse politics around security, and allow for more differentiated normative inquiries into the ambivalent consequences of politicisation.

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