In-vitro activities of cefepime against Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other aerobic Gram-negative bacilli

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl B) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Chong ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
O. H. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Gram Negative

In vitro synergistic activities of tobramycin and selected beta-lactams against 75 gram-negative clinical isolates.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2586-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Owens ◽  
M A Banevicius ◽  
D P Nicolau ◽  
C H Nightingale ◽  
R Quintiliani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Combination Regimens

The microdilution checkerboard technique was utilized to distinguish synergistic activity between tobramycin and four beta-lactams: piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone. Beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combinations were tested against 75 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Citrobacterfreundii, Serratia marcescens, and Enterobacter cloacae. Despite in vitro susceptibilities, all isolates demonstrated either synergism or indifference; no antagonism was observed. Against pathogenic gram-negative nosocomial isolates, a greater percentage of synergy was consistently observed with combination regimens containing tobramycin and piperacillin-tazobactam or ticarcillin-clavulanate than with the cephalosporin-containing regimens.

scholarly journals In VitroActivity of RX-P873 against Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 2280-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Paul R. Rhomberg ◽  
Ronald N. Jones ◽  
David J. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Bacterial Ribosome

ABSTRACTRX-P873 is a novel antibiotic from the pyrrolocytosine series which exhibits high binding affinity for the bacterial ribosome and broad-spectrum antibiotic properties. The pyrrolocytosines have shownin vitroactivity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains of bacteria known to cause complicated urinary tract, skin, and lung infections, as well as sepsis.Enterobacteriaceae(657),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(200), andAcinetobacter baumannii(202) isolates from North America and Europe collected in 2012 as part of a worldwide surveillance program were testedin vitroby broth microdilution using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methodology. RX-P873 (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) was >32-fold more active than ceftazidime and inhibited 97.1% and 99.5% ofEnterobacteriaceaeisolates at MIC values of ≤1 and ≤4 μg/ml, respectively. There were only three isolates with an MIC value of >4 μg/ml (all were indole-positiveProtea). RX-P873 (MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml) was highly active againstPseudomonas aeruginosaisolates, including isolates which were nonsusceptible to ceftazidime or meropenem. RX-P873 was 2-fold less active againstP. aeruginosathan tobramycin (MIC90, 2 μg/ml; 91.0% susceptible) and colistin (MIC90, 2 μg/ml; 99.5% susceptible) and 2-fold more potent than amikacin (MIC90, 8 μg/ml; 93.5% susceptible) and meropenem (MIC90, 8 μg/ml; 76.0% susceptible). RX-P873, the most active agent againstAcinetobacter baumannii(MIC90, 1 μg/ml), was 2-fold more active than colistin (MIC90, 2 μg/ml; 97.0% susceptible) and 4-fold more active than tigecycline (MIC90, 4 μg/ml). This novel agent merits further exploration of its potential against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of Human β-Defensin 3 against Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Strains

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppantonio Maisetta ◽  
Giovanna Batoni ◽  
Semih Esin ◽  
Walter Florio ◽  
Daria Bottai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activity of human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated. A fast bactericidal effect (within 20 min) against all bacterial strains tested was observed. The presence of 20% human serum abolished the bactericidal activity of hBD-3 against gram-negative strains and reduced the activity of the peptide against gram-positive strains.

Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. from Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Fereshteh Eftekhar ◽  
Morteza Yousefzadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Two Samples

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from two samples (GP1 and GP2) of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The analysis of the oils resulted in the identification of twenty-two constituents. Linalool (79.0% - GP1, 81.8% - GP2) and limonene (10.0%, 5.8%) were found to be the major components, respectively. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these oils and their main compounds against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The results exhibited that the total oils and their major components possess strong to moderate activities against all the tested bacteria except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Newer and Conventional Antimicrobial Agents, Including Fosfomycin and Colistin, against Selected Gram-Negative Bacilli in Kuwait

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadha Alfouzan ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
David Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Limited data are available on susceptibilities of these organisms to some of the recently made accessible antimicrobial agents. The in vitro activities of newer antibiotics, such as, ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) along with some “older” antibiotics, for example fosfomycin (FOS) and colistin (CL) were determined against selected strains (resistant to ≥ 3 antimicrobial agents) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute microbroth dilution. 133 isolates: 46 E. coli, 39 K. pneumoniae, and 48 P. aeruginosa were tested. Results showed that E. coli isolates with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 4/32 μ g / mL for FOS; 0.25/32 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.25/8 μ g / mL for CZA, exhibited susceptibility rates of 95.7%, 97.8%, 76.1%, and 89.1%, respectively. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae strains with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 256/512 μ g / mL for FOS; 2/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.5/128 μ g / mL for CZA showed susceptibility rates of 92.3%, 7.7%, 51.3%, and 64.1%, respectively. P. aeruginosa isolates with MIC50/90, 1/1 μ g / mL for CL; 128/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 32/64 μ g / mL for CZA presented susceptibility rates of 97.9%, 33.3%, and 39.6%, respectively. Higher MICs were demonstrated against most of the antibiotics. However, CL retained efficacy at low MICs against most of the isolates tested.

scholarly journals Multiyear, Multinational Survey of the Incidence and Global Distribution of Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 1067-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna M. Kazmierczak ◽  
Sharon Rabine ◽  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Robert E. McLaughlin ◽  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACTMetallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) hydrolyze all classes of β-lactams except monobactams and are not inhibited by classic serine β-lactamase inhibitors. Gram-negative pathogens isolated from patient infections were collected from 202 medical centers in 40 countries as part of a global surveillance study from 2012 to 2014. Carbapenem-nonsusceptibleEnterobacteriaceaeandPseudomonas aeruginosawere characterized forblagenes encoding VIM, IMP, NDM, SPM, and GIM variants using PCR and sequencing. A total of 471 MBL-positive isolates included the following species (numbers of isolates are in parentheses):P. aeruginosa(308),Klebsiellaspp. (85),Enterobacterspp. (39),Proteeae(16),Citrobacter freundii(12),Escherichia coli(6), andSerratia marcescens(5) and were submitted by sites from 34 countries. Of these, 69.6% were collected in 9 countries (numbers of isolates are in parentheses): Russia (72), Greece (61), Philippines (54), Venezuela (29), and Kuwait, Nigeria, Romania, South Africa, and Thailand (20 to 25 isolates each). Thirty-two different MBL variants were detected (14 VIM, 14 IMP, and 4 NDM enzymes). Seven novel MBL variants were encountered in the study, each differing from a previously reported variant by one amino acid substitution: VIM-42 (VIM-1 [V223I]), VIM-43 (VIM-4 [A24V]), VIM-44 (VIM-2 [K257N]), VIM-45 (VIM-2 [T35I]), IMP-48 (IMP-14 [I69T]), IMP-49 (IMP-18 [V49F]), and NDM-16 (NDM-1 [R264H]). Thein vitroactivities of all tested antibiotics against MBL-positiveEnterobacteriaceaewere significantly reduced with the exception of that of aztreonam-avibactam (MIC90, 0.5 to 1 μg/ml), whereas colistin was the most effective agent against MBL-positiveP. aeruginosaisolates (>97% susceptible). Although the global percentage of isolates encoding MBLs remains relatively low, their detection in 12 species, 34 countries, and all regions participating in this surveillance study is concerning.

scholarly journals In VitroSusceptibility of Characterized β-Lactamase-Producing Strains Tested with Avibactam Combinations

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 1789-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Li ◽  
Mark Estabrook ◽  
George A. Jacoby ◽  
Wright W. Nichols ◽  
Raymond T. Testa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor

ABSTRACTAvibactam, a broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor, was tested with ceftazidime, ceftaroline, or aztreonam against 57 well-characterized Gram-negative strains producing β-lactamases from all molecular classes. Most strains were nonsusceptible to the β-lactams alone. Against AmpC-, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, and KPC-producingEnterobacteriaceaeorPseudomonas aeruginosa, avibactam lowered ceftazidime, ceftaroline, or aztreonam MICs up to 2,048-fold, to ≤4 μg/ml. Aztreonam-avibactam MICs against a VIM-1 metallo-β-lactamase-producingEnterobacter cloacaeand a VIM-1/KPC-3-producingEscherichia coliisolate were 0.12 and 8 μg/ml, respectively.

Susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the synergistic bactericidal action of serum and polymyxin B nonapeptide

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Viljanen ◽  
Helena Käyhty ◽  
Martti Vaara ◽  
Timo Vaara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Polymyxin B nonapeptide was able to sensitize Escherichia coli strains and strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae to the bactericidal action of fresh normal human serum. The degree of sensitization varied significantly within the strains. Strains of Proteus mirabilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and N. meningitidis remained resistant.

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