scholarly journals Revision of EUCAST breakpoints: consequences for susceptibility of contemporary Danish mould isolates to isavuconazole and comparators

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2573-2581
Author(s):  
Karin Meinike Jørgensen ◽  
Jesus Guinea ◽  
Joseph Meletiadis ◽  
Rasmus Krøger Hare ◽  
Maiken Cavling Arendrup
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Azole Resistance ◽  
Resistance Screening ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background EUCAST recently revised the definition of the ‘I’ category from ‘intermediate’ to ‘susceptible, increased exposure’. Consequently, all current antifungal breakpoints have been reviewed and revised breakpoints (v 10.0) have been released. Objectives We investigated isavuconazole and comparator MICs (mg/L) against contemporary moulds and the consequences of the breakpoint revision for susceptibility classification. Methods Six hundred and ninety-six Aspergillus and 46 other moulds were included. EUCAST E.Def 10.1 azole resistance screening was performed for Aspergillus fumigatus and E.Def 9.3.1 testing of non-susceptible A. fumigatus and other moulds. Most non-wildtype/resistant isolates underwent cyp51A sequencing. Results Isavuconazole MIC50/MIC90s were ≤1/≤2 mg/L for Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus and Aspergillus nidulans versus 2/4 mg/L for Aspergillus niger and 2/16 mg/L for Aspergillus terreus. For the remaining moulds, MICs were highest for Fusarium (16 to >16 mg/L), lowest for dermatophytes (0.06–0.5 mg/L) and in between for Mucorales and others (1 to >16 mg/L). A very strong isavuconazole–voriconazole MIC correlation was found for A. fumigatus (Pearson r = 0.888) and itraconazole–posaconazole correlation for A. fumigatus (r = 0.905) and A. terreus (r = 0.848). For A. fumigatus, the revised breakpoints lowered isavuconazole resistance (22.6% to 7.7%, P < 0.0001) and increased voriconazole resistance (3.8% to 6.7%, P = 0.025), resulting in similar resistance rates across the four azoles (range: 6.7%–7.7%). For A. terreus, isavuconazole resistance remained unchanged (81.3%) and higher than itraconazole (43.8%, P = 0.004) and posaconazole (53.1%, P = 0.03) resistance. Azole cross-resistance was found in 24/24, 13/20 and 4/90 isolates, and Cyp51A alterations in 16/18, 1/7 and 2/4 sequenced isolates with isavuconazole MICs of >4, 4 and 2 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions Isavuconazole displays broad anti-mould activity. The revised breakpoints result in fewer misclassifications of wildtype isolates without compromising detection of resistant mutants.

scholarly journals ATIVIDADE “IN VITRO” DE TRÊS AGENTES QUÍMICOS FRENTE A DIFERENTES ESPÉCIES DE ASPERGILLUS

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
M.O. Xavier ◽  
I.M. Madrid ◽  
A.R.M. Meinerz ◽  
M.B. Cleff ◽  
L.F.D. Schuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus

RESUMO A aspergilose é causada por fungos ubíquos e oportunistas do gênero Aspergillus, que liberam milhares de conídios no ar, contaminando o ambiente, sendo de extrema importância a utilização de filtros de ar e programas corretos de anti-sepsia e desinfecção para prevenção da enfermidade. Este estudo avaliou a eficácia “in vitro” dos agentes químicos, iodóforo, amônia quaternária e clorexidina, frente a isolados de Aspergillus fumigatus (8), Aspergillus niger (8), Aspergillus flavus (6) e Aspergillus terreus (1). Para o teste foram preparadas diluições sucessivas dos desinfetantes/antisépticos (log2) em caldo RPMI, e os inóculos foram ajustados até uma concentração final de 5 x 104 UFC/mL. Foi realizada a técnica de microdiluição em caldo de acordo com NCCLS M-38, adaptada para agentes químicos, com incubação das microplacas a 35° C em agitação constante. A leitura visual dos resultados foi realizada após 96 horas, e os isolados de Aspergillus spp. utilizados foram resistentes ao iodóforo nas concentrações testadas. A amônia quaternária e a clorexidina mostraram-se eficazes contra os isolados de Aspergillus spp., com exceção de um A. fumigatus e um A. terreus. Com estes resultados indica-se a utilização da amônia quaternária e da clorexidina na prevenção da aspergilose, questionando-se o uso de iodóforos para este fim.

A case study of possible health hazards associated with poultry houses

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
O. O. J. Bale ◽  
A. A. Sekoni ◽  
C. N. Kwanashie
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Poultry Houses

This study on layer and broiler houses is expected to give basic information on the nature of microbes, their occurrence, health hazard they could constitute and the possibilities for disease control measures. Modern husbandry practices, state or local concentration of the industry, high stocking densities, uniform age distribution of birds and continuous feeding may promote the spread of poultry diseases. Illness due to contaminated food, poultry wastes, poultry and poultry by products are one of the most widespread problems of the contemporary world. From the poultry houses investigated, bacteria and fungi were isolated from swabs of window nets dust, feed stock, roof dust, faeces, floors, feeders, drinkers, feathers, cages and egg trays using standard microbiological media and biochemicals procedures.The isolates encountered include: Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus sp., Pasteurella gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella sp., Eschericia coli, Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yeast and Rhodotorula spp., which were nol typed. Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus sp., Pasteurella gallinarum, Klebsiella sp., Eschericia coli, Yeast and Rhodotorula Sp., were present in both layers and broilers houses structures and materials in varying proportions. However, Pasteurella Multocida, Salmonella sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from egg trays, feathers, faeces, and feeders respectively from poultry house materials only and none from the structures of layers and broilers houses. The layer house structures and materials tend to yield more microbes mir than broiler house structures and materials. There were no acid-fast organisms observed from the sediments of washed swabs materials for culture using Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Mycoflora in Commercial Pet Foods

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE J. BUENO ◽  
JULIO O. SILVA ◽  
GUILLERMO OLIVER
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Mucor Racemosus ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Mycelia Sterilia ◽  
Made In

This article reports on the identification of mycoflora of 21 dry pet foods (12 belonging to dogs and 9 to cats) that corresponded to 8 commercial brands made in Argentina and imported. The isolation frequency and relative density of the prevalent fungal genera are compared too. Ten genera and fungi classified as Mycelia sterilia were identified. The predominant genera were Aspergillus (62%), Rhizopus (48%), and Mucor (38%). The most prevalent among Aspergillus was Aspergillus flavus followed by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus. The predominant Mucor was Mucor racemosus followed by Mucor plumbeus and Mucor globosus. The moisture content of these foods ranged from 5.6 to 10.0% and from 7.2 to 9.9% for dog and cat foods, respectively. A greater moisture content in food for the senior category (9.5 ± 0.2) was observed only in comparison to adult and kitten/puppy. If the moisture content can be maintained at these levels, mold growth would be prevented or at least it would remain at an insignificant level. Some genera and species isolated and identified from the foods analyzed are potentially producing toxins, which are known as mycotoxins. This involves a risk for animal health.

scholarly journals عزل وتعريف واختبار كفاءة بعض الفطريات في تحلل الهيدروكربون من التربة الملوثة بالنفط

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
سعاد محمد خليفة أبوالغيث ◽  
أحلام القمودي محمد زعيط
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Extract Agar

استهدفت هذه الدراسة عزل بعض أنواع الفطريات من التربة الملوثة بالهيدروكربون بمصفاة الزاوية لتكرير النفط، حيث تم عزل وتعريف بعض الفطريات مثل Rhizopus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans وأوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تواجد وتنوع فطر Aspergillus قد تفوق معنويا مقارنة بتواجد وتنوع فطرRhizopus. كما تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار قدرة وكفاءة الفطريات المعزولة على النمو واستغلال المركبات الهيدروكربونية المتمثلة في زيت الحمادة وزيت الشرارة بتركيز 1% و3%، حيث أوضحت النتائج بأن جنس Rhizopus سجل أعلى معدل للنمو على الوسط الغذائي Malt Extract Agar، وسجل كلا من فطر A. fumigatus وفطر A. flavus معدّل النمو القطري أعلى معنويا من النمو القطري لفطرA. niger  وفطر A. nidulans. هذه المعدّلات العالية تدل على إمكانية استخدام الفطريات المعزولة في المعالجة البيولوجية للتربة الملوّثة بالنفط.

scholarly journals PRESENTATION PATTERN AND FUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM CAUSING OTOMMYCOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Kassim Dekhil
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
The Public

 Objective: This study was aimed to identify the public pattern of presentation, influencing factors, and sort the fungal species, distribution of sex of patients with otomycosis.Results: The predominant complaints were pruritus and found in 76 patients (88.73%), discomfort and pain found in 62 patients (72.09%), aural fullness in 48 patients (55.81%), tinnitus in 34 patients (39.53%), hearing impairment in 50 cases (58.31%), ear discharge in 22 patients (25.58%), and most of the symptoms seen in 36 patients (68.14%). The results showed a total of eight fungal species belong to six different genera, namely, Aspergillus, Candida, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Alternaria, and Cephalosporium were isolated during this study. Among identified fungi, Aspergillus niger was found to be the most prevalent fungal species with 35.71% followed by Candida albicans (27.55%), Aspergillus flavus (10.20%), Aspergillus fumigatus (8.16), Penicillium digitatum (6.12%) and Cephalosporium species (4.08%), and Rhizopus species (5.1%), while Alternaria alternata had the lowest percentage (6.54%).Conclusion: Otomycosis/mycotic otitis externa is still a common problem and there is a rise in the occurrence of otomycosis in latest years, especially in tropical and subtropical humid climates.

scholarly journals In VitroInteractions of Antifungal Agents and Tacrolimus against Aspergillus Biofilms

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 7097-7099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lujuan Gao ◽  
Yi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antagonistic Effects

ABSTRACTAspergillusbiofilms were prepared fromAspergillus fumigatus,Aspergillus flavus, andAspergillus terreusvia a 96-well plate-based method, and the combined antifungal activity of tacrolimus with azoles or amphotericin B againstAspergillusbiofilms was investigated via a broth microdilution checkerboard technique system. Our results suggest that combinations of tacrolimus with voriconazole or amphotericin B have synergistic inhibitory activity againstAspergillusbiofilms. However, combinations of tacrolimus with itraconazole or posaconazole exhibit no synergistic or antagonistic effects.

scholarly journals Fungal Diversity in Droppings of Spot- Billed Pelican, Pelecanus philippensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha N ◽  
Zehra Amtuz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Public Health Risk

Birds are potential vectors of some diseases as their droppings pose public health risk and cause illness. Dust containing dry faeces after inhaling can infects humans. The prevalence of fungi from the faeces of birds in wetlands has not been previously determined. Hence, the present study was carried out to isolate and identify different fungal species present in the droppings of spot-billed pelican, Pelecanus philippensis. Among the fungal species identified Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus were found to be dominating.

scholarly journals Isoprenoid phenol and quinone precursors of ubiquinones and dihydroubiquinones [ubiquinones(H2)] in fungi

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Law ◽  
D. R. Threlfall ◽  
G. R. Whistance
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Phycomyces Blakesleeanus ◽  
Agaricus Campestris ◽  
Ubiquinone 10

1. Ten moulds and two yeasts were analysed for the presence of 2-polyprenylphenols, 2-polyprenyl(H2)phenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenyl(H2)phenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinones, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenyl(H2)-1,4-benzoquinones, 5-demethoxyubiquinones, 5-demethoxyubiquinones(H2), ubiquinones and ubiquinones(H2). 2. The organisms were found to be of three types: (a) those that contained only ubiquinones (Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium brevi-compactum) or ubiquinones(H2) (Alternaria solani, Claviceps purpurae and Penicillium stipitatum); (b) those that contained 5-demethoxyubiquinones and ubiquinones (Agaricus campestris, Aspergillus niger, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, Rhodotorula glutinis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or 5-demethoxyubiquinones(H2) and ubiquinones(H2) (Aspergillus quadrilineatus and Neurospora crassa); (c) one that contained 2-decaprenyl(H2)phenol, 6-methoxy-2-decaprenyl(H2)phenol, 6-methoxy-2-decaprenyl(X-H2)-1,4-benzoquinone, 5-demethoxyubiquinone-10(X-H2) and ubiquinones(H2) (Aspergillus flavus). 3. Studies were made on the biosynthesis of ubiquinones and ubiquinones(H2) by Asp. flavus, Phyc. blakesleeanus and S. cerevisiae. These provided evidence that in Phyc. blakesleeanus 5-demethoxyubiquinone-9 is a precursor of ubiquinone-9 and that in S. cerevisiae 5-demethoxyubiquinone-6 is a precursor of ubiquinone-6. In addition they yielded results that may be interpreted as providing evidence that in Asp. flavus 6-methoxy-2-decaprenyl(X-H2)-1,4-benzoquinone and 5-demethoxyubiquinone-10(X-H2) are precursors of ubiquinone-10(X-H2).

Aspergillus Species

2012 ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Shimon Kusne ◽  
Ann E. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Aspergillus Ustus ◽  
Common Pathogen

Aspergillus are ubiquitous molds that grow quickly, forming fluffy colonies in culture. Under microscopic examination an erect conidiophore has a swollen vesicle covered with phialides, which give rise to conidia. In tissue, hyphae predominate. The most common pathogen is Aspergillus fumigatus. Other pathogenic species include Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ustus, and Aspergillus nidulans. There are increasing reports of other rare species causing infection.

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