scholarly journals Physicochemical Data for Some Selected Fusarium Toxin

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W Sydenham ◽  
Pieter G Thiel ◽  
Robert Vleggaar
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Specific Rotation ◽  
Fusarium Toxins ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Fusarium Toxin ◽  
Fumonisin B2 ◽  
Physicochemical Data ◽  
Physicochemical Constants

Abstract Fusarium toxins are a major group of secondary metabolites, produced by several species, that may contaminate food cereals and animal feeds. We describe results of a study in which a number of physicochemical constants for 12 important Fusarium mycotoxins (zearalenone, diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, neosolaniol monoacetate, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, moniliformin, fusarenon-X, HT-2 toxin, and β-zearalenol) were determined. Nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometric, UV spectral, molar absorption coefficients, fluorescence spectra, melting points, and specific rotation data are presented.

scholarly journals Multiple Fungal Metabolites Including Mycotoxins in Naturally Infected and Fusarium-Inoculated Wheat Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Spanic ◽  
Zorana Katanic ◽  
Michael Sulyok ◽  
Rudolf Krska ◽  
Katalin Puskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Tenuazonic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Alternaria Mycotoxins ◽  
Fumonisin B2

In this study, the occurrence of multiple fungal metabolites including mycotoxins was determined in four different winter wheat varieties in a field experiment in Croatia. One group was naturally infected, while the second group was inoculated with a Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum mixture to simulate a worst-case infection scenario. Data on the multiple fungal metabolites including mycotoxins were acquired with liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) multi-(myco)toxin method. In total, 36 different fungal metabolites were quantified in this study: the Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), DON-3-glucoside (D3G), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), culmorin (CULM), 15-hydroxyculmorin, 5-hydroxyculmorin, aurofusarin, rubrofusarin, enniatin (Enn) A, Enn A1, Enn B, Enn B1, Enn B2, Enn B3, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, chrysogin, zearalenone (ZEN), moniliformin (MON), nivalenol (NIV), siccanol, equisetin, beauvericin (BEA), and antibiotic Y; the Alternaria mycotoxins alternariol, alternariolmethylether, altersetin, infectopyron, tentoxin, tenuazonic acid; the Aspergillus mycotoxin kojic acid; unspecific metabolites butenolid, brevianamid F, cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr), cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val), and tryptophol. The most abundant mycotoxins in the inoculated and naturally contaminated samples, respectively, were found to occur at the following average concentrations: DON (19,122/1504 µg/kg), CULM (6109/1010 µg/kg), 15-hydroxyculmorin (56,022/1301 µg/kg), 5-hydroxyculmorin (21,219/863 µg/kg), aurofusarin (43,496/1266 µg/kg). Compared to naturally-infected samples, Fusarium inoculations at the flowering stage increased the concentrations of all Fusarium mycotoxins, except enniatins and siccanol in Ficko, the Aspergillus metabolite kojic acid, the Alternaria mycotoxin altersetin, and unspecific metabolites brevianamid F, butenolid, cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr), and cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val). In contrast to these findings, because of possible antagonistic actions, Fusarium inoculation decreased the concentrations of the Alternaria toxins alternariol, alternariolmethylether, infectopyron, tentoxin, tenuazonic acid, as well as the concentration of the nonspecific metabolite tryptophol.

Genotoxic effects of three Fusarium mycotoxins, fumonisin B1, moniliformin and vomitoxin in bacteria and in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes

1997 ◽  
Vol 391 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Knasmüller ◽  
Nikolaus Bresgen ◽  
Fekadu Kassie ◽  
Volker Mersch-Sundermann ◽  
Wentzel Gelderblom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Genotoxic Effects

scholarly journals Fusarium species and Fusarium mycotoxins in grain of barley in Poland in 2009 and 2010. Short communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Tomasz Góral ◽  
Piotr Ochodzki ◽  
Linda Kærgaard Nielsen ◽  
Dorota Walentyn-Góral
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Fusarium Toxins ◽  
Type B ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Grain samples of spring barley from the 2009 and 2010 harvest were analysed for the content of DNA of Fusarium species and Fusarium toxins (type B trichothecenes). Samples originated from different fields in Radzików, Central Poland. Qualitative and quantitative determination of Fusarium species in the grain was performed using a real-time PCR. Fusarium toxins in the grain were analysed by gas chromatography. Seven Fusarium species were detected in barley grain. The dominating species were F. avenaceum, F. graminearum and F. poae. The presence of F. culmorum, F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides and F. tricinctum was also detected. The concentration of trichothecene toxins in grain (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol) was low. The highest correlation coefficient of deoxynivalenol vs. Fusarium DNA was found for F. graminearum. Regarding nivalenol, the highest correlation coefficient was with F. poae DNA.  

scholarly journals In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Beccari ◽  
Łukasz Stępień ◽  
Andrea Onofri ◽  
Veronica M. T. Lattanzio ◽  
Biancamaria Ciasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Intergenic Regions ◽  
Fumonisin B2 ◽  
High Level

Investigating the in vitro fumonisin biosynthesis and the genetic structure of Fusarium verticillioides populations can provide important insights into the relationships between strains originating from various world regions. In this study, 90 F. verticillioides strains isolated from maize in five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Egypt and Iran) were analyzed to investigate their ability to in vitro biosynthesize fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 and to characterize their genetic profile. In general, 80% of the analyzed strains were able to biosynthesize fumonisins (range 0.03–69.84 μg/g). Populations from Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Iran showed a similar percentage of fumonisin producing strains (>90%); conversely, the Egyptian population showed a lower level of producing strains (46%). Significant differences in fumonisin biosynthesis were detected among strains isolated in the same country and among strains isolated from different countries. A portion of the divergent FUM1 gene and of intergenic regions FUM6-FUM7 and FUM7-FUM8 were sequenced to evaluate strain diversity among populations. A high level of genetic uniformity inside the populations analyzed was detected. Apparently, neither geographical origin nor fumonisin production ability were correlated to the genetic diversity of the strain set. However, four strains from Egypt differed from the remaining strains.

Fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, zearalenone and ochratoxin A contamination of maize in Croatia

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 677-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Marija Domijan ◽  
Maja Peraica ◽  
Željko Jurjević ◽  
Dario Ivić ◽  
Bogdan Cvjetković
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Fumonisin B2

Determination of Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Herbal Tea and Medicinal Plants in Turkey by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1782-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
GÜLDEN Z. OMURTAG ◽  
DUYGU YAZICIOĞILU
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Fumonisin B2

The purpose of this study was to measure the potential levels of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) contamination in several herbal teas and medicinal plants that are consumed regularly in Turkey. FB1 and FB2 were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde. A total of 115 commercially available herbal tea and medicinal plant samples were analyzed. The recoveries in black tea were 86.9 ± 8.42% for FB1 and 102 ± 6.80% for FB2 spiked with 1 μg/g of each analyte. Similarly, the mean recovery results in lime (linden) for FB1 and FB2 were 85.2 ± 9.76% and 78.6 ± 5.67%, respectively. The minimum detectable amounts for the o-phthaldialdehyde derivatives of FB1 and FB2 were 0.025 μg/g (1 ng injected) and 0.125 μg/g (5 ng), respectively. FB1 was detected in two samples (0.160 and 1.487 μg/g), and FB2 was detected in none of the samples.

scholarly journals Fumonisin B1 Accumulates in Chicken Tissues over Time and This Accumulation Was Reduced by Feeding Algo-Clay

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Julia Laurain ◽  
Didier Tardieu ◽  
Maria Matard-Mann ◽  
Maria Angeles Rodriguez ◽  
Philippe Guerre
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Chicken Tissues ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Fumonisin B2 ◽  
Over Time

The toxicokinetics of the food and feed contaminant Fumonisin B (FB) are characterized by low oral absorption and rapid plasma elimination. For these reasons, FB is not considered to accumulate in animals. However, recent studies in chicken and turkey showed that, in these species, the hepatic half-elimination time of fumonisin B1 (FB1) was several days, suggesting that FB1 may accumulate in the body. For the present study, 21-day-old chickens received a non-toxic dose of around 20 mg FB1 + FB2/kg of feed to investigate whether FB can accumulate in the body over time. Measurements taken after four and nine days of exposure revealed increased concentrations of sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So) over time in the liver, but no sign of toxicity and no effect on performances were observed at this level of FB in feed. Measurements of FB in tissues showed that FB1 accumulated in chicken livers from four to nine days, with concentrations of 20.3 and 32.1 ng FB1/g observed, respectively, at these two exposure periods. Fumonisin B2 (FB2) also accumulated in the liver, from 0.79 ng/g at four days to 1.38 ng/g at nine days. Although the concentrations of FB found in the muscles was very low, an accumulation of FB1 over time was observed in this tissue, with concentrations of 0.036 and 0.072 ng FB1/g being measured after four and nine days of exposure, respectively. Feeding algo-clay to the chickens reduced the accumulation of FB1 in the liver and muscle by , approximately 40 and 50% on day nine, respectively. By contrast, only a weak non-significant effect was observed on day four. The decrease in the concentration of FB observed in tissues of chickens fed FB plus algo-clay on day nine was accompanied by a decrease in Sa and So contents in the liver compared to the levels of Sa and So measured in chickens fed FB alone. FB1 in the liver and Sa or So contents were correlated in liver tissue, confirming that both FB1 and Sa are suitable biomarkers of FB exposure in chickens. Further studies are necessary to determine whether FB can accumulate at higher levels in chicken tissues with an increase in the time of exposure and in the age of the animals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Silica- and Sepharose-Based Immunoaffinity Sorbents for Sample Cleanup in Determination of Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Corn Products

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Lawrence ◽  
Cathie Menard ◽  
Jupiter Yeung ◽  
Samy Ben Rejeb
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Immobilized Antibodies ◽  
Corn Products ◽  
Strong Anion Exchange ◽  
Fumonisin B2

Abstract Anti-fumonisin B1 polyclonal antibodies were isolated from the serum of rabbits, immobilized onto the surface of glutaraldehyde-activated silica or Sepharose CL-4B particles, and placed into empty small plastic solid-phase extraction cartridges. The immobilized antibodies were evaluated for their ability to retain fumonisin B1 and fumonisin B2. Cartridge capacity and elution conditions were determined, and the results were compared to those obtained with a commercially available cartridge. The cartridges, which were tested for their effectiveness to isolate the fumonisins from extracts of corn flour and nacho chips, detected fumonisins down to levels of about 20 ng/g. However, additional cleanup was required for detection at lower concentrations. With the use of a strong anion-exchange cartridge as a preliminary cleanup before immunoaffinity chromatography, the detection limit reached 2–5 ng/g in the products tested. The silica sorbent material exhibited strong interactions with the fumonisins, requiring acidified ethanol–water mixtures for elution and resulting in an additional degree of selectivity in isolating fumonisins from sample extracts. The silicabased immunoaffinity cartridges were successfully reused more than 10 times; the Sepharosebased cartridges were less robust. Liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was used after prechromatographic derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde–mercaptoethanol.

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