scholarly journals 101 Effects of traditional growth-promoting re-implant or long-acting implant programs on growth performance and carcass characteristics of heifers fed for 221 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
Grant Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Initial Processing ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Implant Treatment

Abstract Beef heifers (n=1478) were used in a randomized complete block design to compare the effects of a traditional re-implant (Revalor-IH/Revalor-200) or a long-acting implant program (Revalor-XH) on feed yard growth performance and carcass characteristics. Heifers (initial BW = 263 kg; SD = 3.44 kg) were randomized to 1 of 20 pens with pens randomly assigned to Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-IH/200) 103 days later or Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-XH) implant treatments. Heifers were on feed for an average of 221 d with Rev-XH heifers remaining in their pens for the duration of the study. Final BW (559 kg) and feed efficiency (0.175) did not differ (P > 0.11) between treatments. Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.10) for Rev-IH/200 (7.70 kg) compared with Rev-XH (7.60 kg) heifers causing greater (P < 0.10) ADG for Rev-IH/200 (1.35 kg) versus Rev-XH (1.33 kg). Heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (365 kg) had greater (P < 0.10) HCW than those implanted with Rev-XH (361 kg). However, differences in dressing percentage were not detected (P > 0.15). Longissimus muscle area was greater (P < 0.05) for heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (89.55 cm2) versus those implanted with Rev-XH (87.87 cm2). Back fat thickness (1.76 cm), calculated yield grade (3.28) and marbling score (487) did not differ (P > 0.42) due to implant treatment. Differences resulting from implant treatment in the percentage of carcasses within USDA Quality Grades (P > 0.34) and USDA Yield Grades (P > 0.18) were not observed. Heifers that were re-implanted had improved ADG, DMI and HCW compared with those receiving a long-acting implant with minimal effects on carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals 105 A comparison of long-acting growth-promoting implants and re-implant programs in finishing heifers fed for 184 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Grant Crawford ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Initial Processing ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Yearling beef heifers (n = 6,239) were used in a randomized complete block design experiment to evaluate the effects of long-acting implants on feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics when compared with re-implant programs. Heifers (initial BW = 324 kg, SEM = 0.85) were randomized to 1 of 4 implant treatments with 12 pens/treatment: 1) Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) 90 d later (IH/200); 2) Revalor-200 at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 90 d later (200/200); 3) Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (XH); and 4) Synovex One Feedlot (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (ONE). Revalor-XH and Synovex One are long-acting implants designed to extend hormone release, eliminating the need to re-implant cattle. After initial processing, XH and ONE heifers were not removed from their pens until harvest. Final BW (556 kg), DMI (7.95 kg/d), ADG (1.26 kg), and feed efficiency (0.158) did not differ (P > 0.23) among treatments. Hot carcass weight (HCW) was greater (P < 0.10) for 200/200 (364 kg) than XH (361 kg) and ONE (360 kg), with no other differences (P > 0.10) in HCW among treatments. Dressing percentage (DP) and longissimus muscle (LM) area were greater (P < 0.01) for 200/200 than all other treatments, and greater for IH/200 than XH and ONE. Marbling score was reduced and average yield grade (YG) was improved (P < 0.01) for 200/200 vs. all other treatments and for IH/200 vs. XH and ONE. Compared with re-implant programs, long-acting implants decreased DP and LM area, increased marbling score and YG, and did not differ in final BW. The Revalor-200/200 re-implant program resulted in improved HCW when compared with long-acting implants.

scholarly journals 108 Effect of Revalor-XH, Revalor-200, and combination Revalor-IH/Revalor-200 on Yearling Heifer Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 130-130
Author(s):  
Zachary Carlson ◽  
Caitlin Coulson ◽  
Galen E Erickson ◽  
D J Jordon ◽  
Rob Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Grade Distribution ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Carcass Performance

Abstract A commercial feedlot trial utilizing 1,728 crossbred heifers (initial BW = 410; SD = 10 kg) examined three implant strategies on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Treatments included: 1) Revalor-200 (REV-200) on d 1; 2) Revalor-IH on d 1 and Revalor-200 on d 56 (REV-IH/200; range 54-58 d) to target approximately 80 d with terminal implant; and 3) Revalor-XH (REV-XH) on d 1. Heifers implanted with REV-IH/200 combination had greater carcass-adjusted final BW and G:F compared to REV-200 and REV-XH (637 vs. 630 and 630 kg; 0.146 vs. 0.140 and 0.140, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). There were no differences (P ≥ 0.24) observed for live performance including final BW, DMI, or ADG on a live basis among implant strategies. Hot carcass weights and LM area improved for REV-IH/200 implanted heifers relative to REV-200 and REV-XH implanted heifers (397 vs. 393 and 393 kg; 90.9 vs. 87.7 and 88.7 cm2, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). Dressing percent was greater for REV-IH/200 implanted heifers compared to REV-200 and REV-XH (62.7 vs. 62.1 and 62.2 %, respectively; P = 0.01). Marbling score and 12th-rib fat thickness were not different (P ≥ 0.12) among implant treatments. Calculated yield grades improved for REV-IH/200 compared to REV-200 (3.63 vs. 3.82, respectively; P = 0.05). Heifers implanted with REV-IH/200 had a significant (P < 0.01) shift to a lower calculated yield grade distribution compared to REV-200 and REV-XH implanted heifers. The REV-IH/200 combination provided 280 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 28 mg estradiol (E2), while total active ingredient doses for REV-200 and REV-XH are 200 mg TBA and 20 mg E2. Thus, the greater concentration of TBA and E2 provided by REV-IH/200 combination improved carcass adjusted growth and carcass performance compared to the non-coated REV-200 implant and partially coated REV-XH implant.

scholarly journals Effect of metabolizable protein intake on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior in finishing steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181
Author(s):  
Leonardo G Sitorski ◽  
Marc L Bauer ◽  
Kendall C Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Metabolizable Protein ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Time Eating

Abstract One-hundred thirty-two finishing steers (300 ± 2.7 kg body weight [BW]) predominately of Angus, Simmental, and Shorthorn breeding were used to study the effect of metabolizable protein (MP) intake on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior. Steers were stratified by initial BW across five pens and randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments to supply an average of 626, 906, 1,209, and 1,444 g MP/d (n = 33 per treatment). Feed intake and feeding behavior were measured using radio frequency identification tags and the Insentec feeding system. For feeding behavior, a visit was defined as each time the Insentec system detected a steer at the feed bunk. A meal was defined as eating periods by intervals no longer than 7 min. Steers were fed until they reached an average BW of 598 ± 3.1 kg. Average daily gain (ADG) responded quadratically (P < 0.01) with ADG increasing in steers fed 906 g MP/d and plateauing thereafter. Dry-matter intake (DMI; kg) responded quadratically (P = 0.009) with DMI increasing with MP intake up to 1,209 g/d MP and decreasing thereafter. Gain to feed ratio (G:F) increased linearly (P = 0.04) and tended (P = 0.10) to respond quadratically, as G:F increased up to 906 g MP/d and plateaued thereafter. A quadratic response (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02, respectively) was observed for marbling score and 12th rib subcutaneous fat thickness with steers fed 1,209 g MP/d having the greatest marbling score and back fat thickness. A quadratic effect for visits and meals per day was observed (P < 0.01) with steers fed the 1,209 g MP/d treatment having the least visits and meals per day. In addition, time eating per visit responded quadratically (P = 0.05) with time increasing from 626 to 906 g MP/d. There was a linear increase (P ≤ 0.02) in time eating per meal and per day with increasing MP intake. A quadratic effect (P < 0.03) was observed for DMI per visit, meal, and minute with steers fed 1,209 g MP/d having the greatest DMI. In summary, steers fed 626 g MP/d had increased visits and meals per day. However, DMI per visit, meal, and minute were greater in steers fed 1,209 g MP/d. A day × treatment interaction (P < 0.001) was observed for plasma urea N as concentrations increased to a greater extent over time in the higher MP treatments than in the lower MP treatments. These data indicate that MP supply (from deficient to excess) influences growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior of finishing steers.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding dry-rolled corn or whole shelled corn during the finishing phase on growth performance and carcass characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T B Freitas ◽  
T L Felix ◽  
C Clark ◽  
F L Fluharty ◽  
A E Relling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Quality Grade

Abstract The objectives of this trial were to evaluate the effect of corn processing during the finishing phase on feedlot cattle performance and carcass characteristics. We hypothesized that steers fed dry-rolled corn would have better feed efficiency (less feed necessary to the same amount of gain) than steers fed whole shelled corn. Ninety-five backgrounded Angus-cross cattle, (initial body weight (BW) = 263 ± 9.8 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design in a feedlot setting. Cattle were divided in to 3 blocks: heifers (n = 31, 4 pens; initial BW = 267 ± 1.3 kg), light steers (n = 32, 4 pens; initial BW = 253 ± 1.3 kg), and heavy steers (n = 32, 4 pens; initial BW = 279 ± 1.4 kg). Diets contained 70% corn (experimental treatment), 15% dried distiller’s grains with solubles, 7% grass hay, and 8% supplement, on a dry matter basis. Cattle were fed for 217, 224, and 231 ± 8 d for the heifer, heavy steer, and light steer blocks, respectively. Two pens within each block were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: 1) dry-rolled corn (DRC) or 2) whole shelled corn (WSC). Animal growth performance and carcass characteristics were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, including the fixed effect of treatment. Pen and block were included as random effects. Carcass characteristics USDA Yield Grade and Quality Grade distributions were compared using the GLIMMIX procedure of using the same model than the growth performance data. Data are presented as LSMeans. Cattle fed DRC had greater average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.02) and final BW (P < 0.01) when compared with cattle fed WSC. Even though ADG was greater for the DRC treatment, feed efficiency was similar (P = 0.45) because dry matter intake (DMI) was also greater (P = 0.04) for DRC when compared with the WSC treatment. Cattle fed DRC also had greater hot carcass weight (P < 0.01), dressing percentage (P < 0.01), and Longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA; P < 0.01) than cattle fed WSC. No differences (P ≥ 0.18) were observed for marbling score, USDA Yield Grade or USDA Quality Grade. In conclusion, feeding DRC to feedlot cattle improved ADG, hot carcass weight, and LMA, without affecting feed efficiency or meat quality.

scholarly journals 107 Effects of increasing doses of trenbolone acetate and estradiol on finishing phase growth performance and carcass trait responses in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Carcass Trait ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Quadratic Effect

Abstract Continental × English beef steers (n = 240; allotment BW = 365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design feedlot study to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol-17β (E2) on finishing phase growth performance and carcass trait responses. Steers were allotted to 30 concrete surface pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center (RNC) in Brookings, SD 36 d prior to being implanted. Pens were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) No implant (NI), 2) Synovex Choice [100 mg TBA + 10 mg E2; CH], or 3) Synovex Plus [200 mg TBA + 20 mg E2; PL] on d 1. Cattle were fed for 124 d post-implantation. This experiment was part of a factorial experiment that included bedding application. No interactions between implant and bedding were detected (P ≥ 0.09). A common diet was fed that contained 2.09 Mcal/kg of NEm and 1.39 Mcal/kg of NEg and provided 30 g/ton of monensin sodium to diet DM. The first 6 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior to the last 4 pen replicates. Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. There was a linear increase for both ADG (P = 0.01) and DMI (P = 0.02) with increasing doses of TBA and E2. There was a quadratic effect (P = 0.01) on carcass adjusted final BW. A quadratic effect on G:F was observed, increasing by 21.1%% and 19.5% for CH and PL respectively, compared to NI. No linear (P ≥ 0.14) or quadratic (P ≥ 0.40) effects were observed for dressing percentage, backfat, calculated yield grade, or marbling. A quadratic increase (P = 0.01) in HCW and a linear increase (P = 0.01) in REA was detected with increasing doses of TBA and E2. Combination TBA + E2 implants increased final BW, ADG, DMI, gain efficiency, HCW, and REA at equal BF accumulation without detriment to marbling score.

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Mongolian lambs fed native grass or hay with or without concentrate on the Inner Mongolian Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-478
Author(s):  
Shuai Du ◽  
Sihan You ◽  
Jian Bao ◽  
Gentu Ge ◽  
Yushan Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Similar Body

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of native grass on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Mongolian lambs fed Inner Mongolia native grass in three forms: grass, hay, and hay with concentrate (HC). Sixty Mongolian noncastrated male lambs, in good health and with the same age (6 mo) and similar body weights (mean, 28.63 ± 0.19 kg), were randomly divided into three treatments. There were four replicates in each treatment, with five lambs in one pen as a replicate. Compared with the HC group, the intake of the grass group was higher (P < 0.05) and that of the hay group was lower (P < 0.05). The hay group had a gain of −58.67 g d−1, compared with 42.33 g d−1 for the HC group and 80.00 g d−1 for the grass group. The carcass weight, net meat mass, loin muscle area, and fat thickness (a measure of fat tissue thickness) were greater in the grass and HC groups than in the hay group (P < 0.05). Compared with the hay group, the protein and calcium contents, marbling score, and water loss rate were greater in the grass and HC groups (P < 0.05), whereas the fat, phosphorus, cholesterol contents, and b* score were lower for the latter groups (P < 0.05). These results suggest that feeding of native grass hay with concentrate could improve the growth performance and meat quality of Mongolian lambs and achieve results similar to those observed in grass-fed lambs.

273 Effect of Feedlot Implant Dose and Terminal Window Timing on Heifer Performance and Carcass Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
Nathan Pyatt ◽  
Gary Vogel ◽  
Mike Brown ◽  
Frank White ◽  
William Kayser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Feedlot heifers (n = 3,778; initial BW = 310 kg; SD = 28 kg) were utilized in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement (9 pens/treatment) to investigate increasing implant dose and terminal window (TW) timing on growth and carcass merit. Component with Tylan® implant dose treatments were 1. Initial TE-IH [80 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA), 8 mg estradiol (E2)] and terminal TE-H (140 mg TBA, 14 mg E2; IH/H), 2. Initial TE-IH and terminal TE-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E2; IH/200), or 3. Initial TE-200 and terminal TE-200 (200/200). Heifers were fed 171 d with terminal implant administered 100 or 60 d prior to slaughter; initial implant window was inverse (71 or 111 d) to TW. Data were analyzed as a mixed model with block included as a random effect. No significant dose x TW interactions occurred for growth or carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.06) therefore, main effects are presented. Terminal window treatments resulted in similar (P &gt; 0.25) live performance. Heifers reimplanted 60 d prior to slaughter had improved (P &lt; 0.05) marbling score and lower YG2 carcasses. Final weight, gain, HCW, yield, and LM area increased (linear; P &lt; 0.05), while marbling score and fat thickness decreased (linear; P &lt; 0.05) with increasing heifer implant dose. Heifers implanted with IH/200 had lower (P &lt; 0.05) DMI compared to IH/H. IH/200 and 200/200 had improved (+2.1%; P &lt; 0.05) efficiency compared to IH/H. HCW for 200/200 was +3.2 and 5.5 kg greater than IH/200 and IH/H, respectively. 200/200 were leaner with +7.4% YG 1&2 and -5.4% YG 4&5, but -8.5% Prime & Choice carcass compared to IH/H. Shortening TW from 100 to 60 d prior to slaughter did not alter growth performance. Increased implant dose in heifers improved gain, efficiency, HCW and yield with some quality grade considerations.

PSVIII-15 Effect of Endovac-Beef vaccination on performance, dietary energetics, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing calf-fed Holstein steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 429-430
Author(s):  
Brooke C Latack ◽  
Pedro H Carvalho ◽  
Richard A Zinn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Infection

Abstract Objectives were to evaluate the influence of ENDOVAC-Beef® (Endovac Animal Health, Columbia, MO) vaccination on calf-fed Holstein steer growth performance, dietary energetics, and carcass characteristics. Fifty Holstein steer calves were utilized in a 322 d trial. Calves were blocked by initial shrunk body weight (134 ±5 kg) and randomly assigned to treatments within weight groups to 10 pens (5 steers per pen, 5 pens per treatment). Five pen groups received the ENDOVAC-Beef vaccination on d 28 and d 56, and the remaining 5 pens did not receive the ENDOVAC-Beef vaccination. All steers were fed the same steam-flaked corn-based growing-finishing diet. Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.10) live weight, average daily gain, and dry matter intake during the 322 d feeding period. However, vaccination increased (P ≤ 0.04) gain efficiency and estimated dietary net energy values (NE) during the first 112 d on feed. Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.14) gain efficiency or estimated dietary NE during the final 112 to 322 d, or over the entire feeding period (1 to 322 d). Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.31) hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and marbling score. However, vaccinating calf-fed Holstein steers with ENDOVAC-Beef increased (P ≤ 0.01) longissimus muscle area (LMA; 86.5 vs 76.8 cm2) and retail yield (51.3 vs 50.4); but, tended to increase (P = 0.07) carcass fat thickness. Morbidity and pink eye infection were low and not affect by treatment (P ≥ 0.18). We conclude that while vaccinating calf-fed Holstein steers with ENDOVAC-Beef did not have an overall effect on growth-performance, it increased (13%) LMA and retail carcass yield (1.8%).

297 The Effects of Chromium Propionate Supplementation to Yearling Steers in a Commercial Feedyard on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 165-166
Author(s):  
Sara J Trojan ◽  
Jerilyn Hergenreder ◽  
Landon Canterbury ◽  
Tyler Leonhard ◽  
John M Long
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Chromium Propionate ◽  
Respiratory Treatment ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract British crossbred steers [n = 3074; initial body weight (BW) = 358 ± 37 kg] were used to evaluate the effects of chromium propionate supplementation to yearling steers in a commercial feedyard on growth performance, carcass characteristics and health. Steers were blocked by initial BW; pens were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments within block. Treatments, replicated in 15 pens/treatment with 75 to 135 head per pen, included: 1) control, 0 mg supplemental Cr/kg dietary dry matter (DM) (CTL); 2) 0.50 mg supplemental Cr/kg diet DM (chromium propionate; KemTRACE® Chromium 0.04%, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA) (CR). Final BW (638 vs. 641 kg.), average daily gain, (1.81 vs. 1.82 kg), DM intake (11.02 vs. 11.02 kg) and gain efficiency (0.164 vs 0.165) did not differ between CTL and CR, respectively (P ≥ 0.75). No differences among treatments for hot carcass weight (407 vs. 408 kg., CTL and CR, respectively), dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, or yield grade were observed (P ≥ 0.15). Twelfth-rib fat thickness tended (P = 0.10) to be greater for CR vs. CTL (1.55 vs 1.29 cm, respectively). A trend (P = 0.10) for marbling score to be higher for CR vs. CTL was detected (452 vs. 440, respectively). Distribution of quality grade was similar between CR and CTL; 1.52% of carcasses graded prime (P =0.68), and 87.2% of carcasses graded choice (P = 0.68). Respiratory morbidity was low (1.93%) and not different among treatments (P = 0.20); likewise, there was no difference in respiratory treatment rates between treatments (P ≥ 0.18). Supplementing Cr to high-performing yearling steers did not alter growth performance, carcass characteristics or health outcomes.

scholarly journals 348 Effects of supplemental copper, zinc, and manganese source on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
Jeff S Heldt ◽  
Shane Davis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine if different sources and levels of supplemental copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) affect growth performance, health and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers. A large pen, commercial feedlot in OK utilized 1,707 crossbred steers (297 ± 5 kg) randomized across 8 pens/treatment. Supplemental trace mineral treatments consisted of: Control (CON) = CuSO4 plus Availa® Cu (10.6 ppm), ZnSO4 plus Availa Zn (37.8 ppm), and MnSO4 plus Availa Mn (25.5 ppm); Combination (COMBO) = basic Cu chloride (IntelliBond® C; 10 ppm), ZnSO4 plus Zn methionine (ZINPRO® 120; 90 ppm), and MnSO4 plus Mn hydroxychloride (IntelliBond M; 20 ppm); or Hydroxy (HYD) = basic Cu chloride (IntelliBond C; 10 ppm), Zn hydroxychloride (IntelliBond Z; 90 ppm), and MnSO4 plus Mn hydroxychloride (IntelliBond M; 20 ppm). Statistical analysis was performed using SAS with pen as the experimental unit and pre-planned orthogonal contrasts to separate means. Contrasts were: CON vs. COMBO and HYD (level) and COMBO vs. HYD (source). Supplemental trace mineral source or level did not affect final BW (P ≥ 0.34), ADG (P ≥ 0.36), DMI (P ≥ 0.36), feed efficiency (P ≥ 0.30), morbidity (P ≥ 0.28), total treatment days (P ≥ 0.43), or mortality (P ≥ 0.33) (Table 1). Additionally, trace mineral source or level did not affect HCW (P ≥ 0.78), DP (P ≥ 0.85), or backfat thickness (P ≥ 0.32) (Table 2). Increased level of trace mineral tended (P = 0.13) to increase marbling score. There was tendency for COMBO to have a larger loin muscle area (P = 0.14) and lower yield grade (P = 0.10) than HYD. Feeding a lower level of sulfates and amino acid complexes resulted in similar performance to higher trace mineral levels. Providing 100% Zn from Zn hydroxychloride resulted in an economic benefit while maintaining similar performance and carcass characteristics as feeding a combination of ZnSO4 and Zn methionine.

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