carcass performance
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Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3441
Author(s):  
Nelson Huerta-Leidenz ◽  
Nancy Jerez-Timaure ◽  
Jhones Onorino Sarturi ◽  
Mindy M. Brashears ◽  
Markus F. Miller ◽  
...  

Forty-seven Zebu calves were used to determine the effects of class (bull or steer), supplementation (SUPPL, a poultry litter-based supplement or mineral supplementation), and implant (20 mg estradiol combined with 120 mg of trenbolone acetate or no implant) on growth and carcass performance and beef eating quality. The average daily gain (ADG) of implanted cattle significantly increased for steers, but not for bulls. The SUPPL treatment increased ADG by 8.63% from day 0 to end, and shortened in 73.3 d the time to reach 480 kg BW (p < 0.01). Compared to bulls, the steer carcasses exhibited more desirable maturity and finish scores, thicker back fat (p < 0.05), and yielded greater (p < 0.01) percentages of high-value boneless subprimals (HVBLS) (+1.64%) and total cuts (1.35%). The SUPPL bulls dressed 2.63 and 1.63% greater than non-supplemented bulls and SUPPL steers, respectively (p < 0.05). Meat sensory quality was subtly affected (p < 0.05) by sex class or supplementation. The implant did not affect (p > 0.05) shear force or sensory ratings. The supplementation improved key growth performance traits while it adversely affected tenderness-related sensory traits. The implant enhanced the rate of gain of steers only, without improving cut-out yields or inducing adverse effects on palatability traits in both steers and bulls.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Veronica Marcela Calderon-Bedoya ◽  
Miguel Angel Castaño-Benitez ◽  
Raul Adolfo Velásquez-Vélez

Actualmente existe una alta demanda de alimentos balanceados destinados a la ceba de animales que resultan costosos, por lo tanto, los alimentos balanceados no convencionales son una alternativa para obtener buenos resultados a bajo costo; planteando como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la suplementación de diferentes forrajes en el desempeño productivo y rendimiento de la canal de 24 conejos machos raza Nueva Zelanda, distribuidos en 4 tratamientos con 6 individuos cada uno, determinando ganancia de peso, rendimiento de canal y costos de alimentación. Se realizó un análisis de medidas repetidas en el tiempo con el paquete estadístico SAS, encontrando que no hay diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) entre el Botón de oro y el alimento comercial, con respecto a peso final y rendimiento de la canal, identificando una disminución en costos, concluyendo que la suplementación con materias primas no convencionales es una alternativa para reducir los costos de producción, hasta un 59%. Currently there is a high demand for balanced feeds intended for fattening animals that are expensive, therefore, unconventional balanced feeds are an alternative to obtain good results at low cost, consequently, the objective was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of different forages in the productive and carcass performance of 24 male New Zealand breed rabbits, distributed in 4 treatments with 6 individuals each one, measuring weight gain, carcass weight and feeding costs. It performed a repeated measures analysis over time with the SAS statistical package, there are no significant differences (p≤0,05) between Mexican sunflower and commercial feed, with respect to carcass performance, identifying a decrease in costs, concluding that supplementation with unconventional raw materials is an alternative to reduce production costs, up to 21,3%.


Author(s):  
C. Chen ◽  
Y. Deng ◽  
H.B. Ren ◽  
J. Zhu ◽  
Q.M. Cui ◽  
...  

Background: The Chinese Shaziling pig is representative of good meat quality but has been scarcely utilized on commercial farms because of the unpleasing growth and carcass traits. Methods: The growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acids profile were analyzed among (Berkshire × Shaziling) × (Berkshire × Shaziling) (BS × BS), BS × S, Shaziling (S × S) and S × BS pigs. Result: BS × BS pigs exhibited higher growth rate and superior carcass performance. Each breed possessed desirable meat quality, as evidenced by moderate pH, color score, IMF content and shear force value, among which the performance of S × BS pigs was prominent. Take account of the contents of SFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs and PUFAs/SFAs value, the eating quality of S × BS pigs was favorable and the meat of BS × BS pigs, by contrast, was helpful for human health with advanced nutritional value. In summary, BS × BS pigs is more effective for commercial development of Shaziling pigs and providing healthy pork products.


2021 ◽  
pp. 104777
Author(s):  
Ariane Horst ◽  
Marvin Gertz ◽  
Barbara Voß ◽  
Eckhard Stamer ◽  
Joachim Krieter

Author(s):  
P E Smith ◽  
S M Waters ◽  
D A Kenny ◽  
S F Kirwan ◽  
S Conroy ◽  
...  

Abstract Residual expressions of enteric emissions favour a more equitable identification of an animals methanogenic potential compared to traditional measures of enteric emissions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of divergently ranking beef cattle for residual methane emissions (RME) on animal productivity, enteric emissions and rumen fermentation. Dry matter intake (DMI), growth, feed efficiency, carcass output and enteric emissions (Greenfeed emissions monitoring system) was recorded on 294 crossbred beef cattle ((steers = 135 and heifers = 159; mean age 441 days (SD = 49); initial body weight (BW) of 476 kg (SD = 67)) at the Irish national beef cattle performance test centre. Animals were offered a total mixed ration (77% concentrate and 23% forage; 12.6 MJ ME/kg of DM and 12% CP) ad libitum with emissions estimated for 21 days over a mean feed intake measurement period of 91 days. Animals had a mean daily methane emissions (DME) of 229.18 g/d (SD = 45.96), methane yield (MY) of 22.07 g/kg of DMI (SD = 4.06), methane intensity (MI) 0.70g/kg of carcass weight (SD = 0.15) and RME 0.00 g/d (SD = 0.34). RME was computed as the residuals from a multiple regression model regressing DME on DMI and BW (R 2=0.45%). Animals were ranked into three groups viz. high RME (&gt;0.5 SD above the mean), medium RME (±0.5 SD above/below the mean) and low RME (&gt;0.5 SD below the mean). Low RME animals produced 17.6 and 30.4% less (P&lt;0.05) DME compared to medium and high RME animals, respectively. A ~30% reduction in MY and MI was detected in low vs. high RME animals. Positive correlations were apparent amongst all methane traits with RME most highly associated with (r=0.86) DME. MY and MI were correlated (P&lt;0.05) with DMI, growth, feed efficiency and carcass output. High RME had lower (P&lt;0.05) ruminal propionate compared to low RME animals and increased (P&lt;0.05) butyrate compared to medium and low RME animals. Propionate was negatively associated (P&lt;0.05) with all methane traits. Greater acetate:propionate ratio was associated with higher RME (r=0.18; P&lt;0.05). Under the ad libitum feeding regime deployed here, RME was the best predictor of DME and only methane trait independent of animal productivity. Ranking animals on RME presents the opportunity to exploit inter animal variation in enteric emissions as well as providing a more equitable index of the methanogenic potential of an animal on which to investigate the underlying biological regulatory mechanisms.


Author(s):  
M.K. Singh ◽  
Ravindra Kumar ◽  
Ravi Ranjan ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
...  

Background: Large variation for body size and weight exist among indigenous goat breeds. Many livestock development agencies recommending crossbreeding of large size goats with small and medium sizes to increase the body size, growth rate, dressing weight and dressing percentage of progeny without being systemic data and combining ability among breeds used. In view of above crossbreeding experiment was conducted by crossing Jamunapari male with Barbari female. Methods: Ten Barbari females were crossed with medium size two Jamunapari male. The crossbred males (07) were kept under stall feeding on high input diet along with Barbari and Jamunapari pure-bred males at weaning. The growth (body weight and average daily weight gains) were studied up to 9 months of age. The animals were slaughtered at 9 months and carcass traits (dressing weight and percentage) were studied. Result: Pre-weaning growth (0-3m) was statistically similar (P greater than 0.05) in all the group of goats. However different trend was obtained in post weaning growth stage, ADG being significantly (P less than 0.05) more in Jamunapari breed (94.10g) as compared to Barbari (73.43g) and crossbred goats (74.24g). The dressing (%) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in Jamunapari goats (47.28) as compared to Barbari (40.47) and crossbred (40.44). The carcass results revealed that growth and carcass performance was highest in Jamunapari kids and significantly different from pure bred Barbari and crossbred kids. However, Carcass traits (Carcass weight and Dressing percent) performances were not significantly different in between Barbari and Jamunapari x Barbari crossbred kids. Thus, crossing of Jamunapari with Barbari breed is not being suggested to increase body weight and carcass attributes of crossbreed progeny.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Marshall N Streeter ◽  
Josh Szasz ◽  
Tony C Bryant

Abstract Crossbred beef steers (n = 8160; 294 + 10.4 kg) were used in a randomized complete block designed study to determine the effects of post-metaphylactic interval (PMI) on health, live and carcass performance. Steers were administered tildipirosin for the control of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) before being randomly allocated to PMI treatments (4-, 7-, 10-, or 13-day PMI). Treatments were replicated in forty - 204 head pens with each treatment represented within 10 arrival blocks. Blocks ranged from 4 to 15 unique sources of cattle representing five states (AR, FL, GA, LA, TX). Steers were observed daily (217 + 14 d) by trained pen riders with steers suffering from BRD receiving a common antibiotic therapy across PMI treatment. Data were evaluated using linear, quadratic and cubic contrasts. First pull BRD morbidity decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) and tended to decrease quadratically (P = 0.08) as PMI increased with the greatest BRD morbidity at 7 days (12.9%) and the least at 13 days (9.5%). First pull BRD relapses tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.10) with increasing PMI. Total first pull morbidity, for all causes, decreased quadratically (P = 0.02) as PMI increased with the greatest morbidly occurring with a 7-day PMI (15.8%) and the least with a 13-day PMI (11.5%). Mortality caused by BRD (0.73%; P &gt; 0.70) and all causes (1.41%; P &gt; 0.20) or chronicity (1.60%; P &gt; 0.15), resulting from failure to respond to therapy, were not affected by PMI. Final body weight, ADG, DMI, Gain:Feed, and HCW were not affected (P &gt; 0.20) by PMI. Total and BRD morbidity can be reduced by increasing PMI up to 13 days in cattle at moderate risk of developing BRD (15% morbidity, 1% mortality, 1% chronicity) without adversely affecting mortality, chronicity or live and carcass performance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
Jessica L Sperber ◽  
Braden Troyer ◽  
Mitch Norman ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
...  

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of feeding biochar in a finishing diet on cattle performance, carcass quality, methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Biochar was sourced from ponderosa pine wood waste (High Plains Biochar, Laramie, WY) and was 83% C with 426 m2/g surface area. Crossbred steers (n = 128; initial BW = 480 kg ± 82 kg) were utilized in a randomized block design (blocked by BW), steers assigned randomly to pen (n = 16), and pen was assigned randomly to treatment. Two treatments were evaluated, a finisher control (CON) without biochar and the same finisher with biochar included at 1.0% of diet dry matter replacing corn (CHAR). Four pen replications per treatment were paired within BW block and rotated randomly through an emissions barn with two chambers (each treatment evaluated simultaneously) to capture average weekly emissions of CH4 and CO2. Pen was experimental unit and chamber was included as a fixed effect for emissions data. Dry matter intake (DMI; P &lt; 0.01) and average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.02) were 2.4 and 5.9% lower for CHAR steers, respectively. Feed efficiency (P = 0.22) and production of CO2 and CH4 (P ≥ 0.60) did not differ between treatments. Methane production was numerically lower for CHAR steers when reported as g per day (1.8% lower) or g per kg of DMI (4.8% lower). Hot carcass weight tended to be lighter (P = 0.10) and calculated USDA yield grade was decreased (P = 0.02) for CHAR steers. There was no difference between treatments for LM area, USDA quality grade, or 12th rib fat (P ≥ 0.12). In conclusion, biochar supplementation at 1.0% of diet DM reduced DMI and ADG and had no effect on CH4 and CO2 emissions in finishing steers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Tomas Riera Sigala ◽  
Nelson O. Huerta Leidenz ◽  
Nancy C Jerez Timaure ◽  
Argenis Rodas Gonzalez ◽  
Jorge A. Ordonez Vela ◽  
...  

Benefitingfrominterventionsof thesavannaecosystem, breedersinLosLlanosof ApureState(Venezuela) are exploring the opportunity to improve cattle genetics by implementing crossbreeding programs.Fifty bulls (23 months of age) of five types of Brahman influence [Brahman (n =10), F1 Angus x Brahman (F1­Angus; n = 10), F1 Chianina x Brahman (F1­Chianina; n = 10), F1 Romosinuano x Brahman (F1­Romosinuano; n =10), and F1 Simmental x Brahman (F1­Simmental; n = 10)] were selected to be compared in carcass performance(linear measurements, quality and quantity indicators, Venezuelan and U.S. grades, and cutability) at a desirableconformation endpoint with a suitable market weight of 480 kg. An ANOVA­covariance was performed using thegeneralized linear model and frequency distribution of Venezuelan and U.S. grades by breed type were comparedusing theχ2test (P < 0.05). Shorter Brahman carcasses exhibited the most abundant finish, significantly differentfromthe longer F1­Simmental and F1­Romosinuano counterparts. All carcasses fell into the Ayoungest maturityand were eligible for the USDA"Bullock" class designation; 62%reached the top Venezuelan quality grade, 96%graded U.S. Standard and 64%reached the U.S. yield grade 1, indicating superior cutability. Significant differences(P<0.05)in yieldof individual cuts (ribeye +striploin, andcuts fromthe round) were detectedbetween F1­Romosinuano and Brahman, F1­Angus, and F1­Chianina counterparts. F1­Chianina bulls had slight but significant(P<0.05) advantages inyieldof high­valuedboneless cuts as comparedtothose of F1­RomosinuanoandF1­Simmental counterparts. Conversely, F1­RomosinuanooutperformedF1­Chianina in1.73 %of medium­valuedboneless cuts (P<0.05).Under the sample selectioncriteria andharvest endpoint, slight changes incarcassperformance can be expected fromcrossbreeding.


2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
A. KÖSEMAN ◽  
F. AKDEMIR ◽  
N. ÜREMIŞ ◽  
I. ŞEKER ◽  
Y. TÜRKÖZ

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Alchemilla vulgaris (A. vulgaris) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and biochemical parameters in broilers exposed to high environmental temperature conditions. A total of 45 broilers of 21 days of age (Ross 308) were used and grouped as the control group (C), and the groups with the addition of 1% (G1), or 3% (G2) A. vulgaris to chicken diet, respectively. In this study, the body weights of heat stressed broilers were significantly different on the 35th day and onwards. Feed intake was higher in the control group. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was better in groups G1 and G2 compared to control on the 36th and 42nd day, the FCR was better on the 21st- 42nd days. The highest hot and cold carcass performance were observed in group G2 (79.72±0.93% and 78.02±0.99, respectively), and the lowest values were observed in group C (76.26±1.13% and 75.70±1.20%, respectively). A. vulgaris, reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as numerically, and suppressed lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. It had significant effects on monocytes (MON %, MON count), platelets (PLT), and plateletcrit (PCT) parameters only. In conclusion, the deleterious effects of high environmental temperature in broilers could be partially reversed by A. vulgaris addition to the diets between days 21 and 42.


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