scholarly journals 105 A comparison of long-acting growth-promoting implants and re-implant programs in finishing heifers fed for 184 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Grant Crawford ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Initial Processing ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Yearling beef heifers (n = 6,239) were used in a randomized complete block design experiment to evaluate the effects of long-acting implants on feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics when compared with re-implant programs. Heifers (initial BW = 324 kg, SEM = 0.85) were randomized to 1 of 4 implant treatments with 12 pens/treatment: 1) Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) 90 d later (IH/200); 2) Revalor-200 at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 90 d later (200/200); 3) Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (XH); and 4) Synovex One Feedlot (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (ONE). Revalor-XH and Synovex One are long-acting implants designed to extend hormone release, eliminating the need to re-implant cattle. After initial processing, XH and ONE heifers were not removed from their pens until harvest. Final BW (556 kg), DMI (7.95 kg/d), ADG (1.26 kg), and feed efficiency (0.158) did not differ (P > 0.23) among treatments. Hot carcass weight (HCW) was greater (P < 0.10) for 200/200 (364 kg) than XH (361 kg) and ONE (360 kg), with no other differences (P > 0.10) in HCW among treatments. Dressing percentage (DP) and longissimus muscle (LM) area were greater (P < 0.01) for 200/200 than all other treatments, and greater for IH/200 than XH and ONE. Marbling score was reduced and average yield grade (YG) was improved (P < 0.01) for 200/200 vs. all other treatments and for IH/200 vs. XH and ONE. Compared with re-implant programs, long-acting implants decreased DP and LM area, increased marbling score and YG, and did not differ in final BW. The Revalor-200/200 re-implant program resulted in improved HCW when compared with long-acting implants.

scholarly journals 101 Effects of traditional growth-promoting re-implant or long-acting implant programs on growth performance and carcass characteristics of heifers fed for 221 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
Grant Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Initial Processing ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Implant Treatment

Abstract Beef heifers (n=1478) were used in a randomized complete block design to compare the effects of a traditional re-implant (Revalor-IH/Revalor-200) or a long-acting implant program (Revalor-XH) on feed yard growth performance and carcass characteristics. Heifers (initial BW = 263 kg; SD = 3.44 kg) were randomized to 1 of 20 pens with pens randomly assigned to Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-IH/200) 103 days later or Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-XH) implant treatments. Heifers were on feed for an average of 221 d with Rev-XH heifers remaining in their pens for the duration of the study. Final BW (559 kg) and feed efficiency (0.175) did not differ (P > 0.11) between treatments. Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.10) for Rev-IH/200 (7.70 kg) compared with Rev-XH (7.60 kg) heifers causing greater (P < 0.10) ADG for Rev-IH/200 (1.35 kg) versus Rev-XH (1.33 kg). Heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (365 kg) had greater (P < 0.10) HCW than those implanted with Rev-XH (361 kg). However, differences in dressing percentage were not detected (P > 0.15). Longissimus muscle area was greater (P < 0.05) for heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (89.55 cm2) versus those implanted with Rev-XH (87.87 cm2). Back fat thickness (1.76 cm), calculated yield grade (3.28) and marbling score (487) did not differ (P > 0.42) due to implant treatment. Differences resulting from implant treatment in the percentage of carcasses within USDA Quality Grades (P > 0.34) and USDA Yield Grades (P > 0.18) were not observed. Heifers that were re-implanted had improved ADG, DMI and HCW compared with those receiving a long-acting implant with minimal effects on carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals PSIX-24 Comparison of serial real-time A-mode vs. B-mode ultrasound fat depth measures on prediction of final carcass value endpoints

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 332-332
Author(s):  
Chandler A Dockray ◽  
Tommy L Perkins ◽  
Flavio Riberio ◽  
Tylo J Kirkpatrick ◽  
Kaitlyn R Wesley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Ultrasound Scanning ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Charolais x Angus steers (n = 80) were evaluated across a 378-day feeding period in response to administration of a growth promoting implant containing trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol (E2) using A-mode and B-mode ultrasound. Steers were scanned at 42-d intervals (0, 42, 84, 126, 168, 210, 252, 294, 336) during 10 separate ultrasound scanning sessions 24-h prior to harvest. Ultrasound B-mode rump fat images (BRFU) were obtained by a certified Ultrasound Guidelines Council (UGC) technician using an ALOKA 500V console equipped with a 17.2 cm carcass probe. Ultrasound A-mode images (ARFU) were obtained by a non-UGC certified technician using a RENCO Lean Meater. Images of BRFU were analyzed by the CUP lab whereas ARFU image results were determined chute side by the scanning technician. Carcasses were dissected into total lean, fat and bone post-harvest. Rump fat thickness ultrasound measurements were compared to carcass traits used to determine carcass value. Carcass endpoints included 12th–rib fat thickness (FTC), 12th rib-eye area (REAC), marbling score (MARB), and total percentage of carcass fat (PCF). The correlation between BRFU and ARFU was 0.70 (P < 0.01). Positive correlations (P < 0.01) between ultrasound rump fat measures taken the day before harvest and carcass measurements indicated moderate relationships between BRFU and FTC (r=0.80); BRFU and REAC (r=0.66); BRFU and MARB (r=0.68); BRFU and PCF (r=0.75); ARFU and FTC (r=0.69); ARFU and REAC (r=0.76); ARFU and MARB (r=0.79); and ARFU and PCF (r=0.80). These results indicate A- and B-mode ultrasound measures of rump fat may be adequate measures for estimation of total percent carcass fat.

The degradability by sheep of fruits of Acacias and leaves of Sesbania sesban and the effects of supplementation with mixtures of browses and oilseed cake on the utilization of teff (Eragrostis tef) straw

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Nsahlai ◽  
P. O. Osuji ◽  
N. N. Umunna
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Acacia Albida ◽  
Oilseed Cake ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

AbstractThis study was aimed at evaluating (1) the dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) degradabilities (by sheep) of Sesbania sesban leaves, Acacia albida (Faidhabia albida), A. siberiana and A. tortiris frazfs and (2) the effect of feeding a mixture of oilseed cake and tanniferous browses on the degradability of teff (Eragrostis tef) straw and oilseed cake and on particulate and liquid passage rates. Thirteen rumen cannulated sheep in a randomized complete-block design experiment were given teff straw ad libitum supplemented (DM per day) with 155 g oilseed cake (50: 50 mixture of noug (Guizotia abyssinica) and groundnut cake; oilseed cake diet) or with 92 g oilseed cake plus either 118 g S. sesban (sesbania diet) or 179 g A. albida fruits (albida diet). Diets were formulated to supply 10·5 g supplementary N per day.Sesbania had the highest DM washing loss, potential degradability and fastest DM degradation rate compared with the acacias. The N washing loss (g/kg) was highest for A. siberiana (500) followed by A. albida (431), A. tortilis (431) and sesbania (241). The potential N degradability (g/kg) was greater (P < 0·05) for sesbania (978) than for A. albida (848), A. tortilis (865) or A. siberiana (785). The degradation rates of oilseed cake-N and teff straw-DM, particulate and liquid passage rates, basal intake and DM digestibilities were similar among diets, but organic matter intake was highest for the albida diet. At the present levels of offer, supplementation with mixtures of oilseed cake and browses does not significantly reduce rumen degradation rates of oilseed cake-N or teff straw DM.

scholarly journals PSX-25 Narasin inclusion and levels of forage on performance of feedlot lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Lairana A Sardinha ◽  
Daniel M Polizel ◽  
Alexandre A Miszura ◽  
Arnaldo C Limede ◽  
José P R Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to determinate the effects of forage levels and narasin inclusion on the performance of feedlot lambs. Forty-four lambs were allotted in a randomized complete block design, defined by initial body weight (BW), in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was forage (coastcross hay) inclusion (10 or 20%, DM basis) and the second factor was narasin (0 or 13 ppm). The experimental diets were isonitrogenous (17.4%, DM basis). The experiment lasted 112 days, divided into two periods of 56 d each. The lambs were weighed after a fasting period of 14 hours on days 0, 56, and 112. Average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efficiency (FE) were determined in each period. Data were analyzed as repeated measures over time using the MIXED procedure of SAS and the LSMEANS option was used to obtain the means. The effects were considered significant when P &lt; 0.05. There was no interaction between forage levels and narasin inclusion. Narasin did not affect the DMI, ADG, and FE. There was hay levels and period interaction for DMI and ADG. Increase levels of hay did not affect the DMI during the first period; however, 20% of hay inclusion increased DMI in the second period (1.16 vs 1.30 kg/d; P = 0.01). The inclusion of 10% of hay increased the ADG in the first period (0.28 vs 0.24 kg/d; P &lt; 0.01), however, there was no effect in the second period. Consequently, 10% of forage inclusion increased the FE (0.23 vs 0.21; P = 0.01). In summary, diets containing 10% of forage improves the FE, and narasin inclusion did not affect the lamb’s performance.

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity and feed and water restriction at reimplanting time on feed intake patterns, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Helmuth ◽  
D R Woerner ◽  
M A Ballou ◽  
J L Manahan ◽  
C M Coppin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract In the feedlot, there can be a decrease in dry matter intake (DMI) associated with reimplanting cattle that negatively affects growth performance. This study was conducted to determine the mechanisms causing a decrease in DMI after reimplanting and identify a strategy to mitigate the decrease. Crossbred steers [n = 200; 10 pens/treatment; initial bodyweight (BW) = 386 ± 4.9 kg] were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. Cattle were implanted with Revalor-IS on day 0. Treatments included a Revalor-200 implant on day 90 before feeding with the following management practices imposed: 1) steers were returned to their home pen immediately after reimplant (PCON); 2) steers were placed in pens and restricted from feed and water for 4 hours (RES); 3) steers were walked an additional 805 m after reimplant and then returned home (LOC); 4) steers were restricted from feed and water for 4 hours and walked an additional 805 m (RES+LOC); 5) steers were given an oral bolus of Megasphaera elsdenii (Lactipro; MS Biotec, Wamego, KS) and were restricted from feed and water for 4 hours, then walked an additional 805 m (LACT). One-hundred steers were given an ear tag to record minutes of activity (ESense Flex Tags, Allflex Livestock Intelligence, Madison, WI). As a percentage of BW, DMI was 5% greater (P = 0.01) from reimplant to end for PCON vs. RES, LOC, and RES+LOC treatments. Likewise, as a percentage of BW, DMI was 6.6% greater (P = 0.03) from reimplant to end and 4.0% greater (P = 0.05) overall for the PCON treatment vs. the LOC treatment. Overall, DMI as a percentage of BW, was 3.3% greater (P = 0.02) for PCON vs. RES, LOC, and RES+LOC treatments. There was an increase in G:F from reimplant to end (P = 0.05) for RES+LOC vs. the LACT treatment. From these data, we conclude that restricting cattle from feed and water for 4 hours after reimplanting did not alter subsequent DMI. Increasing locomotion had the greatest negative effect on DMI and growth performance. Management strategies to decrease locomotion associated with reimplanting would be beneficial to DMI and overall growth performance of finishing beef steers.

scholarly journals 107 Effects of increasing doses of trenbolone acetate and estradiol on finishing phase growth performance and carcass trait responses in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Carcass Trait ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Quadratic Effect

Abstract Continental × English beef steers (n = 240; allotment BW = 365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design feedlot study to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol-17β (E2) on finishing phase growth performance and carcass trait responses. Steers were allotted to 30 concrete surface pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center (RNC) in Brookings, SD 36 d prior to being implanted. Pens were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) No implant (NI), 2) Synovex Choice [100 mg TBA + 10 mg E2; CH], or 3) Synovex Plus [200 mg TBA + 20 mg E2; PL] on d 1. Cattle were fed for 124 d post-implantation. This experiment was part of a factorial experiment that included bedding application. No interactions between implant and bedding were detected (P ≥ 0.09). A common diet was fed that contained 2.09 Mcal/kg of NEm and 1.39 Mcal/kg of NEg and provided 30 g/ton of monensin sodium to diet DM. The first 6 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior to the last 4 pen replicates. Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. There was a linear increase for both ADG (P = 0.01) and DMI (P = 0.02) with increasing doses of TBA and E2. There was a quadratic effect (P = 0.01) on carcass adjusted final BW. A quadratic effect on G:F was observed, increasing by 21.1%% and 19.5% for CH and PL respectively, compared to NI. No linear (P ≥ 0.14) or quadratic (P ≥ 0.40) effects were observed for dressing percentage, backfat, calculated yield grade, or marbling. A quadratic increase (P = 0.01) in HCW and a linear increase (P = 0.01) in REA was detected with increasing doses of TBA and E2. Combination TBA + E2 implants increased final BW, ADG, DMI, gain efficiency, HCW, and REA at equal BF accumulation without detriment to marbling score.

scholarly journals Consortium of eucalyptus with forage sorghum in semiarid of Minas Gerais State

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Juliano Brant Albuquerque ◽  
Sérgio Macedo Silva ◽  
José Magno Queiroz Luz ◽  
César Henrique Zandonadi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

ABSTRACT: The objective was to estimate the wood yield and essential oil content in three clones of eucalyptus that were planted in four contrasting arrangements and intercropped with sorghum. Eucalyptus clones MA2001 (Eucalyptus camaldulensis x E. tereticornis), A144 (Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis), and GG100 (Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis), were planted in single rows (10x2m), double rows (2x3+15m and 2x3+20m); and, triple rows (2x3x2+10m) in a randomized, complete block design experiment with four replicates. Our results demonstrated that planting spacing did not influence the essential oil yield or diameter at breast height in the clones. However, higher density plantings were shown to result in higher fresh weight of branches and leaves per plant. MA2001 grew taller, produced higher quantity of fresh biomass of branches and leaves per plant and volume of wood per hectare, and yielded more essential oil yield than the other clones. We concluded that MA2001 is the most suitable of the clones tested here for cultivation in water deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Erik R Loe
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.

scholarly journals Growth, performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot Holstein steers fed ractopamine hydrochloride1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Cathy L Lockard ◽  
Chris J Richards ◽  
Caleb G Lockard ◽  
Maggie Youngers ◽  
Mariah A Woolsoncroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Growth-promoting technologies such as implants, ionophores, and β-agonists improve feedlot performance, efficiency, and carcass characteristics of cattle. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of dose and duration of ractopamine hydrochloride (RH) on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics when fed to Holstein steers. A randomized complete block design was used with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 3 RH doses (0, 300, or 400 mg∙steer−1∙d−1) fed for 3 durations (28, 35, or 42 d). Holstein steers (n = 855; initial body weight [BW] = 448 ± 37 kg) were blocked by BW and randomly allocated to 1 of 9 pens (15 blocks; 9 dose × duration treatment combinations) approximately 72 d before harvest. Weekly pen weights, chute temperament scores, and animal mobility were determined during the RH feeding period. At harvest, carcass data were collected on all steers, and tenderness was measured on steaks from 3 or 4 randomly selected steers from each pen and slice shear force (SSF) was determined on one steak selected from each side of the carcass after aging for 14 or 21 d. For feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and SSF, no dose × duration interactions were observed (P ≥ 0.11). With increasing RH dose, average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01), whereas BW gain increased linearly with RH dose and duration (P ≤ 0.01). Hot carcass weight (P = 0.02) and longissimus muscle (LM) area (P ≤ 0.01) increased linearly with increasing RH dose. The percentage of carcasses in the USDA Yield Grade 2 category increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01) and percentage of carcasses in the USDA Yield Grade 4 category tended (P = 0.08) to decrease linearly as RH dose increased. In the 14-d aged steaks, the percentage of steaks with SSF ≤ 15.3 kg decreased linearly (P ≤ 0.01), whereas the percentage of steaks with ≥20.0 kg SSF increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01) with increasing RH dose. After 21-d aging, there was a tendency (P = 0.06) for a greater percentage of steaks from steers fed RH to have SSF ≥ 20.0 kg (2% of total steaks), but no difference (P ≥ 0.12) in the percentage of steaks with SSF ≤ 19.9 kg. Final chute temperament (P ≥ 0.45) and animal mobility (P ≥ 0.67) scores were not affected by feeding RH. Increasing the dose of RH (300 or 400 mg∙steer−1∙d−1) fed for 28 to 42 d before harvest increased ADG, G:F, hot carcass weight, and LM area when fed to Holstein steers with no negative effects on behavior or mobility. The percentage of steaks classified as not tender improved when steaks were aged for 21 d from steers treated with RH.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN DAUN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta) DENGAN PENGOLAHAN BERBEDA TERHADAP PERFORMA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA JANTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Okni Winda Artanti ◽  
Muhammad Ridla ◽  
Lilis Khotijah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trial Duration ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Efficiency Data ◽  
Range Test

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of fresh, dried or silage cassava leaf to the performances of male Etawa Crossbreed (EC) goats. Fourteen male EC goats (grouping based on body weight with a weight range K1: 19-20 kg; K2: 20-21 kg; K3: 21-22 kg; K4: 22 kg) were allocated in housed individually throughout 90-day trial duration (14 days for animal's adaptation to the experimental diets and 7 days of faeces collection). Experimental design was randomized complete block design consisted of 3 treatments and 4 replications: concentrate + fresh cassava leaf (T0); concentrate + dried cassava leaf (T1); and concentrate + silage cassava leaf (T2). Concentrat was given at level of 50% (3% BW) and forage was given ad libitum respectively for each treatments. Variables observed were feed intake, digestibility, body weight gain, and feed efficiency. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significant effect of treatments were continued using Duncan multiple range test. The results of this experiment showed that the processing of cassava leaf increased on dry matter intake, crude protein, total digestible nutrient (TDN), digestibility, body weight gain, and feed efficiency. The conclusions were processing of cassava leaves improved the consumption and digestibility of male EC goats and the treatment of cassava leaf silage had the best feed efficiency. Keywords: Cassava Leaf, Performance, Digestibility, Male Etawa Crossbreed Goat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document