52 Ovarian Follicular Profiling of High- and Low-immunocrit Gilts on Postnatal Day 14

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Brianna M Lynnes ◽  
Robert A Cushman ◽  
Jeremy R Miles ◽  
William T Oliver ◽  
Frank F Bartol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Abstract Colostrum intake by neonatal piglets can be measured using the immunoglobulin immunocrit assay (iCrit). Lactocrine effects occur when maternally derived, milk-borne bioactive factors are transferred to the neonatal circulation with consumption of colostrum during nursing and affect development of somatic tissues, which can have long-term consequences in adulthood. Lactocrine deficiency, indicated by low neonatal iCrit, altered uterine gene expression and reduced fecundity in adult, neonatally lactocrine-deficient gilts. Litter size in pigs is dependent on both ovarian and uterine function. It was hypothesized that lactocrine deficiency affects development of ovarian follicles in gilts. The objective was to determine the number of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles in ovaries of gilts with high (12% ± 0.5; n = 10) or low (1.9% ± 0.4; n = 10) iCrit, determined on postnatal day (PND) 1 after birth. Paired high- and low-iCrit gilts were chosen from the same litters (birth weight; 3.1 ± 0.2 lbs). On PND 14, ovaries were collected and histological sections prepared (3 sections per animal; 30–150 µm apart). Ovarian follicles in each section were staged and the number of follicles in each category were quantified and subjected to ANOVA. Total number of ovarian follicles did not differ with iCrit (P = 0.55; 1,370.6 ± 147.8 follicles per section). The proportion of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles was 89.6 ± 1.15%, 7.7 ± 0.87%, 2.7 ± 0.51%, respectively. The number of primordial (P = 0.55), primary (P = 0.64), and secondary (P = 0.93) follicles did not differ with iCrit. Results indicate that ovarian follicular development of neonatal gilts is not sensitive to immunocrit status. Although lactocrine deficiency did not influence the ovarian follicular profile at PND 14, it remains unknown whether lactocrine programming alters ovarian follicular dynamics in neonatally lactocrine-deficient adults. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Gestational exposure to Δ9-THC impacts ovarian follicular dynamics and angiogenesis in adulthood in Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Annia A. Martínez-Peña ◽  
Kendrick Lee ◽  
James J. Petrik ◽  
Daniel B. Hardy ◽  
Alison C. Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Gestational Exposure ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Abstract With the legalization of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and increasing use during pregnancy, it is important to understand its impact on exposed offspring. Specifically, the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the major psychoactive component of cannabis, on fetal ovarian development and long-term reproductive health are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC on ovarian health in adult rat offspring. At 6 months of age, Δ9-THC-exposed offspring had accelerated folliculogenesis with apparent follicular development arrest, but no persistent effects on circulating steroid levels. Ovaries from Δ9-THC-exposed offspring had reduced blood vessel density in association with decreased expression of the pro-angiogenic factor VEGF and its receptor VEGFR-2, as well as an increase in the anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1). Collectively, these data suggest that exposure to Δ9-THC during pregnancy alters follicular dynamics during postnatal life, which may have long-lasting detrimental effects on female reproductive health.

Cardiovascular phenotype in extremely low birth weight infants: long-term consequences

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (sup2) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Bassareo ◽  
Vassilios Fanos ◽  
Antonio Crisafulli ◽  
Roberto Mura ◽  
Giuseppe Mercuro
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Long-term consequences of low birth weight

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. S107-S111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Reyes ◽  
Reynaldo Manalich
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals From egg to embryo: a peripatetic journey

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Effect Gene

The recent surge of interest in oocyte development has been spurred in large part by the increasing implementation of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to treat human infertility. What is becoming apparent is that ‘egg quality’ is a primary factor in the success of ART (Sauer 1998), and yet we know virtually nothing about the molecular signature of a ‘high quality’ oocyte, i.e., an oocyte that is capable of maturing, being fertilized and supporting development to term. We are gaining marked insights, however, into how sperm activate eggs and the changes in gene expression that accompany preimplantation development. Nevertheless, embryo culture is known to effect gene expression (Rinaudo & Schultz 2004), the long-term consequences of which are only recently being unmasked. This review will briefly highlight these topics that were presented during the Biennial Joint Meeting of the UK Fertility Societies at Warwick University in April 2005.

scholarly journals 209 NORGESTOMET IMPLANTS REDUCE LH RELEASE PATTERN IN ZEBU COWS UNDERGOING REPEATED OOCYTE PICK-UP

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Viana ◽  
L.S.A. Camargo ◽  
A.M. Ferreira ◽  
W.F. Sa ◽  
C.A.C. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Release Pattern ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Follicular Puncture ◽  
And Control ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Ultrasound-guided follicular puncture (OPU) has become the most used technique to recover cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from valuable donors for in vitro embryo production, because of the low risk and the possibility of collecting COCs at intervals as short as twice-a-week. However, repeated aspiration of ovarian follicles may induce endocrine abnormalities due to partial luteinization of punctured follicles and interference with follicular development. The use of exogenous progestagens is an alternative used to control these side effects, and is under evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of norgestomet treatment on intra-follicular and systemic steroid concentrations and on ovarian follicular dynamics is related to changes in LH releasing pattern. Pluriparous non-lactating Gir breed (Bos indicus) cows (n = 10) were randomly distributed between treatment (norgestomet ear implants, replaced weekly) and control (no hormone used) groups, and had their ovarian follicles larger than 3 mm in diameter aspirated twice a week, during the next two consecutive weeks. Follicular dynamics were evaluated every 12 h between OPU sessions, and the largest follicles present were used to recover samples of follicular fluid. Blood samples were collected daily for progesterone evaluation in all cows, and 3 times within a 4-h window interval, at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after follicle puncture for LH evaluation, in 6 cows (3 from treated and 3 from control groups). LH was measured by a standardized RIA procedure. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, and means were compared by Tukey's test. Results are presented as means ± SEM. Treatment with norgestomet reduced mean progesterone plasma concentration during the evaluated period (36.3 ± 14.0 vs. 250.3 ± 49.3 pg/mL; P < 0.0001), the incidence of follicles growing above 9 mm (30% vs. 65%; P < 0.05) in the intervals between OPU sessions, and intrafollicular estradiol and progesterone concentrations in the largest follicles (n = 27) present (265.5 ± 47.4 and 34.9 ± 5.4 ng/mL vs. 765.2 ± 169.1 and 173.3 ± 43.4 ng/mL, respectively; P < 0.05). Plasma LH concentrations were consistently lower during the 3 session intervals in cows treated with norgestomet (0.16 ± 0.04, 0.22 ± 0.03, 0.22 ± 0.09 and 0.17 ± 0.01 vs. 0.44 ± 0.15, 0.53 ± 0.04, 0.42 ± 0.05 and 0.39 ± 0.11 for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after OPU, respectively; P < 0.05). These results confirm the theory that norgestomet treatment is associated with a reduction in the LH-release pattern, as expected due to the reduction in both luteinization of punctured follicles and in the steroidogenic activity of growing follicles observed during the experiment. The use of norgestomet ear implants can be an alternative in the management of donor cows undergoing oocyte pickup. This work was sponsored by FAPEMIG and CNPq. The authors thank Dr. Robert Douglas for aiding with LH RIA.

scholarly journals Sex-Specificity of Mineralocorticoid Target Gene Expression during Renal Development, and Long-Term Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Dumeige ◽  
Caroline Storey ◽  
Lyvianne Decourtye ◽  
Melanie Nehlich ◽  
Christophe Lhadj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Renal Development ◽  
Target Gene Expression ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Sex Specificity

scholarly journals Long-term consequences of chronic fluoxetine exposure on the expression of myelination-related genes in the rat hippocampus

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e642-e642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kroeze ◽  
D Peeters ◽  
F Boulle ◽  
D L A van den Hove ◽  
H van Bokhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Chronic Fluoxetine ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine is widely prescribed for the treatment of symptoms related to a variety of psychiatric disorders. After chronic SSRI treatment, some symptoms remediate on the long term, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet well understood. Here we studied the long-term consequences (40 days after treatment) of chronic fluoxetine exposure on genome-wide gene expression. During the treatment period, we measured body weight; and 1 week after treatment, cessation behavior in an SSRI-sensitive anxiety test was assessed. Gene expression was assessed in hippocampal tissue of adult rats using transcriptome analysis and several differentially expressed genes were validated in independent samples. Gene ontology analysis showed that upregulated genes induced by chronic fluoxetine exposure were significantly enriched for genes involved in myelination. We also investigated the expression of myelination-related genes in adult rats exposed to fluoxetine at early life and found two myelination-related genes (Transferrin (Tf) and Ciliary neurotrophic factor (Cntf)) that were downregulated by chronic fluoxetine exposure. Cntf, a neurotrophic factor involved in myelination, showed regulation in opposite direction in the adult versus neonatally fluoxetine-exposed groups. Expression of myelination-related genes correlated negatively with anxiety-like behavior in both adult and neonatally fluoxetine-exposed rats. In conclusion, our data reveal that chronic fluoxetine exposure causes on the long-term changes in expression of genes involved in myelination, a process that shapes brain connectivity and contributes to symptoms of psychiatric disorders.

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