scholarly journals 212 Genomic prediction of carcass average daily gain, fat and loin depth in three-way crossbred pigs including information collected on purebreds

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Francesco Tiezzi ◽  
Clint Schwab ◽  
Justin Fix ◽  
Christian Maltecca
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The purpose of this study was to predict three-way crossbred performance for carcass traits using different crossbred/purebred reference populations. Carcass measures (average daily gain, back-fat and loin depths) were collected in 4,893 three-way-cross individuals (CB individuals, 1,252 being genotyped). Live measures of body weight and tissue deposition were collected on 3,050 purebred Duroc individuals (PB individuals, 941 being genotyped), paternal-half-sibs (PHS) of the CB individuals. Models’ predictive performance was tested via 4-fold cross-validation. The basic model included CB phenotypes from the training set without inclusion of genomic information (i.e. pedigree BLUP). We also sequentially included: 1) CB genotypes; 2) PB phenotypes and genotypes for the training families (PBt); 3) PB phenotypes and genotypes for the validation families (PBv). Variance components (heritabilities and genetic correlations between CB and PB traits) were not estimated but fixed at different values within a plausible interval, the combination of such parameters that gave the best predictive ability was considered for that model. Results reported pedigree prediction of CB traits to show about 0.25 accuracy (correlation between breeding value and adjusted phenotype) for the three traits. The inclusion of CB genotypes was beneficial, with an increase ranging from 25 to 50% (depending on the trait) compared to pedigree prediction. When PBt genotypes and phenotypes were included, prediction accuracy dropped to almost null accuracy. When PBv genotypes and phenotypes were included, predictive performance was better than models that included CB information only. Results suggest that PB information can improve selection accuracy for CB traits, with the condition PB are PHS of the CB in validation. Otherwise, inclusion of PB information from the training set can be detrimental. CB genotypes, on the other hand, always improve prediction accuracy. We can conclude that reference populations aimed at improving CB performance should include phenotypes and genotypes from these individuals.

An analysis of the variation in the lean tissue distribution of sheep

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe distribution of lean tissue between eight standard joints was examined in 956 crossbred lambs slaughtered at constant live weights of either 35 or 40 kg. The sire breeds used were the Dorset Down, Ile-de-France, Oldenburg, Oxford, Suffolk and Texel. Sire breed did not have a significant effect on the proportion of total carcass lean found in the higher-priced joints but did show significant differences in the proportion of total carcass lean found in individual joints, with a maximum difference of 7·7 g total lean per kg joint being recorded. Similarly, small but significant effects due to ewe age (1 to 3 years), rearing type (single, twin, triplet), sex (male castrate, female) and weight of total lean were reported for the proportion of total carcass lean found in different joints.Heritability estimates ranged from 0·07 (s.e. 008) to 0·65 (s.e. 0·16) for the proportion of total lean in the best-end neck and higher-priced joints respectively. Phenotypic standard deviations of 5·8g/kg and 17·9g/kg were reported for the proportion of total lean found in the best-end neck and the higher-priced joints respectively. The genetic correlations between the proportion of total lean in each of the higher-priced joints and the proportion of total lean in the higher-priced joints combined were positive. A genetic correlation of 017 (s.e. 0·20) was found for the relationship between average daily gain from birth to slaughter and the proportion of total lean in the higher-priced joints.

HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. JEFFRIES ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

scholarly journals 209 Genomic selection for multiple maternal and growth traits in large white pigs using Single-Step GBLUP

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
Breno Fragomeni ◽  
Zulma Vitezica ◽  
Justine Liu ◽  
Yijian Huang ◽  
Kent Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Genomic Evaluation ◽  
Large White ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to implement a multi-trait genomic evaluation for maternal and growth traits in a swine population. Phenotypes for preweaning mortality, litter size, weaning weight, and average daily gain were available for 282K Large White pigs. The pedigree included 314k individuals, of which 35,731 were genotyped for 45K SNPs. Variance components were estimated in a multi-trait animal model without genomic information by AIREMLF90. Genomic breeding values were estimated using the genomic information by single-step GBLUP. The algorithm for proven and young (APY) was used to reduce computing time. Genetic correlation between proportion and the total number of preweaning deaths was 0.95. A strong, positive genetic correlation was also observed between weaning weight and average daily gain (r = 0.94). Conversely, the genetic correlations between mortality and growth traits were negative, with an average of -0.7. To avoid computations by expensive threshold models, preweaning mortality was transformed from a binary trait to two linear dam traits: proportion and a total number of piglets dead before weaning. Because of the high genetic correlations within groups of traits, inclusion of only one growth and one mortality trait in the model decreases computing time and allows for the inclusion of other traits. Reduction in computing time for the evaluation using APY was up to 20x, and no differences in EPD ranking were observed. The algorithm for proven and young improves the efficiency of genomic evaluation in swine without harming the quality of predictions. For this population, a binary trait of mortality can be replaced by a linear trait of the dam, resulting in a similar ranking for the selection candidates.

Additive and heterotic breed effects in the genetic evaluation of pig sire breeds

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wolf ◽  
D. Peškovičová ◽  
E. Žáková ◽  
E. Groeneveld
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Value Estimation ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Daily Gain

AbstractThe data sets consisted of field performance data from 54 848 purebred and 16 175 crossbred animals (Czech data set, CZ) and 16 610 purebred and 9 228 crossbred animals (Slovak data set, SK). Animals from the following breeds were included: Duroc, Hampshire, Piétrain, sire line of Large White (CZ) or Yorkshire (SK), Czech Meat pig (CZ) or Slovak Meat pig (SK), Belgian Landrace (SK). Two-trait animal models were calculated for average daily gain from birth to the end of the field test (ADG) and lean meat content (LM, only in CZ) or backfat thickness (BF, only in SK). The models included additive breed and breed heterotic effects. Piétrain was the breed with the highest LM and the lowest BF. The additive genetic breed effect was about 1·5% LM (CZ) in comparison with Large White or −0·4 mm BF (SK) in comparison to Yorkshire. The sire line of Large White (CZ) or the Yorkshire breed (SK) clearly exceeded all the remaining sire breeds in ADG (on average by 30 to 50 g/day). There was a clear tendency to negative heterosis in LM in all crossbred combinations (CZ). In BF, heterotic effects between −0·2 mm and +0·3 mm were estimated, mostly not being significant (SK). The estimates of the heterotic effects for ADG were positive throughout. Higher values up to 40 g/day (7%) were observed in the Czech data set. Though heterotic breed effects are of some importance especially for ADG, their inclusion in the equations for breeding value estimation will have only a minor impact on the predicted breeding values.

Genetic parameters for growth rate and Kleiber ratios of Nellore sheep

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Satish Kumar ◽  
G. Gangaraju ◽  
C. Vijaya Kumar ◽  
Sapna Nath
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Kleiber Ratio ◽  
Nellore Sheep ◽  
Daily Gain

Data on growth traits of Nellore sheep were extracted from the records maintained at Livestock Research Station, Palamaner, Andhra Pradesh, India for a period of five years. The genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for growth traits i.e., average daily gain (ADG) from birth to 3 months (ADGa), 3 months to 6 months (ADGb), 6 to 12 months (ADGc) and the corresponding Kleiber ratio (KR) at respective stages of growth. The non genetic factors included in the model were having significance on most of the traits studied. The heritability estimates for ADG and corresponding KR ranged from 0.17 to 0.25. The estimates of genetic correlations among the traits ranged between -0.28 (Ka-Kb) and 0.99 (ADGb-Kb). The moderate estimates of heritability, high and positive genetic correlations among the traits in the study were suggestive of moderate genetic progress in the Nellore breed of sheep through selection.

The genetic foundation of fitness and reproduction traits in Australian pig populations. 2. Relationships between weaning to conception interval, farrowing interval, stayability, and other common reproduction and production traits.

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Tholen ◽  
KL Bunter ◽  
S Hermesch ◽  
HU Graser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Daily Gain

Data sets from 2 large Australian piggeries were used to estimate genetic parameters for the traits weaning to conception interval (WCIi-l,i) and farrowing interval (FIi-l,i), number born alive (NBAI), average piglet birthweight (BWi), 21-day litter weight (W21i), and sow stayability (STAYli) recorded for each ith parity, as well as sow average daily gain (ADG) and backfat (BF) recorded at the end of performance test. Over parities and herds, heritabilities for each trait were in the ranges: WCI/FI, 0.0-0.10; NBA, 0.09-0.16; BW, 0.11-0.35; W21, 0.12-0.23; STAYli, 0.02-0.09; ADG, 0.35-0.37; BF, 0.36-0.45. Genetic correlations between NBAl and NBA from later parities were significantly different from 1. In addition, in 1 herd negative genetic correlations (rg = -0.04 to -0.25) were found between sow stayability traits and NBA1, but not NBA recorded in later parities. Stayability was Unfavourably correlated with ADG and BF, and favourably correlated with WCI12. However, WCI12 was unfavourably correlated genetically with BF (rg = -0.24) but uncorrelated with ADG. Antagonistic relationships also existed between NBA and BW, NBA and W21, and BW and STAY. In addition to the traditional traits currently included in pig-breeding programs (e.g. ADG, BF, and NBA), traits such as WCI, BW, and STAY should also be considered as selection criteria to minimise the detrimental effects of antagonistic genetic relationships between traits.

EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B12 ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS OF PIGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PROPIONIC ACID OR CALCIUM PROPIONATE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. THACKER ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Calcium Propionate ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

Effects of vitamin B12 supplementation of diets containing propionic acid (PA) or calcium propionate (CP) on average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), backfat measurements and fatty acid (FA) composition, were studied utilizing 80 crossbred pigs averaging 22.5 kg. Diets based on barley-soybean meal, containing 0, 3.5 or 7% PA or CP were fed with and without the addition of 4.95 mg of vitamin B12 per kg of diet. The addition of PA depressed average daily feed(ADF) intake, while CP had no effect. ADG was reduced when either 7% PA or CP was fed, but ADG was slightly improved when 3.5% PA or CP was fed. FCE was improved when 3.5 or 7% PA or 3.5% CP was fed, but 7% CP depressed FCE. Vitamin B12 supplementation slightly improved the ADG and FCE of pigs fed CP, but had no effect on pigs fed PA. None of these differences was significant at the 5% level. Addition of CP significantly reduced the thickness of carcass backfat in treated pigs. Supplementation with vitamin B12 eliminated this reduction. A similar, though non-significant, trend was observed with PA. Pigs fed 7% PA or CP had significantly higher levels of odd-chain FA 17:0 and 17:1 in carcass back fat. Addition of vitamin B12 mollified this effect. In addition, vitamin B12 supplementation of PA-treated pigs significantly increased the levels of the unsaturated FA 18:2 and 18:3.

scholarly journals METHODS OF EVALUATION OF BREEDING VALUE OF LARGE WHITE BREED PIGS OF THE BREEDING PLANT OF SE “PASICHNA” DEPARTMENT OF KHMELNYTSK REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
I. V. Verbuch ◽  
H. V. Bratkovska
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Daily Gain

Goal. To accelerate the selection process and create populations of pigs with high level of productivity to assess the most effective modern methods breeding value of large white pigs in the SE "DG" Pasichna "Institute of Feed and Agriculture Podillya NAAS" Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region on the basis of a combined assessment of repair young for their own productivity and assessment meat qualities by MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler and the most promising method BLUP. Methods. Comparison, zootechnical and biometric analyzes. Results. The breeding value of pigs of large white breed of the breeding farm of SE "Pasichna" ICSGP NAAS "Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region by modern effective methods, namely: BLUP. According to the average indicators of the combined assessment of own productivity of animals at control fattening, taking into account their live weight on the date of birth and weaning, average daily gain, live weight and age of 100 kg, body length and fat thickness, boars significantly outweighed pigs. Compared with pigs, their live weight at the date of birth and weaning (at the age of 30 days) was higher by 0.1 and 0.81 kg. The age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg exceeded by 5.43 days, the average daily gain of 0.016 kg. Live weight and body length of pigs on the date of fat thickness measurement was greater by 4.04 kg and 1.03 cm. Lifetime fat thickness at three measurement points at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae, on the buttocks and in the midpoint of the back between withers and buttocks was thinner by 0.92; 0.94 and 1.06 mm. Evaluation indices of fattening and meat qualities by growth energy and fat thickness (Ia) and average daily gain and fat thickness (Iv) in boars indicate their higher level by 2.07 and 7.67 points compared to pigs and are equal to, respectively, 95.12 ± 1.95 and 152.96 ± 2.38 points. The coefficient of variability (Cv, %) of indicators of own productivity and estimated indices of fattening and meat qualities of repair boars ranged from 1.92% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 15.12% (age of live weight 100 kg, days), repair pigs – from 4.63% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 28.19% (index of assessment for growth energy and fat thickness, (Ia), points). The best average values of indicators of breeding value of animals are found on the basis of modern, most promising method BLUP, because it is considered in terms of mathematics, statistics and selection is the most accurate, well-founded, has the best theoretical basis and the lowest error variance. The average value of the BLUP index (parent lines) for boars of large white breed is 101.71 ± 1.681, pigs – 96.94 ± 0.724 points. At the same time, boars outweighed pigs by 4.77 points. The most positive correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning with their body length (r = 0.16), average daily gain (r = 0.19) and fat thickness (r = 0.24), the average correlation between the indices of fattening and meat qualities according to MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler (r = 0.56) P > 0.99 and the weak correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning and the BLUR index (r = 0,21) P > 0.99. It should be noted that there are almost no correlations between the fattening and meat quality indices of pigs and the BLUP index. Conclusions. In the conditions of breeding and specialized farms for the production of commercial pork in the region, to determine the breeding value of animals for further reproduction of their own herd and sale to other breeding farms of Ukraine, to systematically assess repair young animals for their own productivity and clear qualities of pigs and the most perfect BLUP index.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters for direct and maternal effects on growth traits of sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ghafouri-Kesbi ◽  
H. Baneh
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to estimate (co)variance components and corresponding genetic parameters for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), 6-month weight (W6), 9-month weight (W9), average daily gain from birth to weaning (WWDG), average daily gain from weaning to 6 months (W6DG) and average daily gain from 6 months to 9 months (W9DG) for a nucleus flock of Iranian Makooei sheep. Genetic parameters were estimated by REML procedure fitting six animal models including various combinations of maternal effects. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to determine the most appropriate model. Estimates of direct heritability (h2) ranged from 0.13 (W6DG) to 0.32 (BW). Maternal effects were found to be important in the growth performance of the Makooei sheep, indicating the necessity of including maternal effects in the model to obtain accurate estimates of direct heritability. Estimates of maternal heritability (m2) ranged from 0.05 (W6) to 0.16 (WWDG) and the estimates of proportion of maternal permanent environmental variance to phenotypic variance (c2) were in the range between 0.05 (BW) and 0.10 (W6). Direct additive genetic correlations were positive in all cases and ranged from 0.00 (BW/W9DG) to 0.99 (WW/WWDG). Phenotypic correlations showed a broad range from −0.27 (WW/W9DG) to 0.99 (WW/WWDG). Estimates of genetic parameters showed that genetic improvement through selection programs is possible. WW would be a suitable selection criterion since it has acceptable direct heritability and relatively high genetic correlation with other traits.

scholarly journals Amino acid requirements of pigs. 1. Requirements for methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan of fast-growing boars and gilts, fed ad libitum.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3B) ◽  
pp. 577-595
Author(s):  
N.P. Lenis ◽  
J.T.M. van Diepen ◽  
P.W. Goedhart
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feeding Experiment ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

In 3 experiments each of 4 treatments, crossbred pigs about 35 kg were given basal diets with a low concentration of 1 amino acid and DL methionine 0, 0.41 or 0.82 and 1.23, L-threonine 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 and DL-tryptophan 0, 0.31, 0.62 and 0.93 g/kg. Apparent faecal digestibility of organic matter, protein and amino acids of 1 or 2 diets from each feeding experiment was estimated with 4 pigs each. Average daily gain of the optimally supplemented groups was 875 g and feed conversion ratio 2.84. For maximum growth performance of pigs between 35 and 105 kg, the requirement for total methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan, relative to total lysine supply, was about 60, 66 and 19%, respectively. On a faecal digestible basis, requirements were about 58, 63 and 19%, relative to faecal digestible lysine, respectively. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document