scholarly journals 389 Effects of energy source on performance and carcass characteristics in hair lambs finished in feedlot

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
Roman Castañeda-Serrano ◽  
Fabian Gutierrez-Oviedo ◽  
Marcela Diaz-Cristancho ◽  
Jairo Pardo-Guzman ◽  
Paula Lozano-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different energy sources on performance, and carcass characteristics in hair lambs finished in feedlots. Twenty-eight hair lambs with an initial body weight (BW) 20.8 ± 3.01, were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments included with seven lambs per treatment. The dietary treatments included an energy source included at 18% Dry matter: S. spectabilis flour (SF), palm kernel (PK), corn bran (CB) and rice bran (RB) in a diet based in corn silage, ground corn, soybean meal formulated to 13.0% PC and 2.6 Mcal/Kg of DM. The feeding trial was performed for 13 weeks. Water was allowed ad libitum. Animals were slaughtered after the feeding trial, and the carcasses were kept at 4°C for 24 h under Colombian standard guidelines. Data were analyzed by using the ANOVA procedure, SAS version 9.1 to perform a randomized complete experiment with four diets. For each studied variable, the mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) were calculated and differences between means were evaluated Using Tukey′s Test (P ≤ 0.05). Final body weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, hot dressing carcass (%), and cold dressing weight (%) were not different between the four treatments (P > 0.05). Dry matter intake was superior to the S. spectabilis flour (P < 0,001). Feed efficiency was higher in the CB and RB treatments (P < 0,05). These results indicate that the inclusion of S. spectabilis and palm kernel could improve the dry matter intake and corn bran and rice bran the feed efficiency without effects on carcass characteristics

scholarly journals PSXIV-36 Effect of corn variety and amylase enzyme on cattle performance and carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 434-434
Author(s):  
Renan Regatieri Casagrande ◽  
Terry Engle ◽  
John Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area

Abstract Four hundred and thirty-three Angus and Angus cross-bred steers (Body Weight 344 ± 13.3 kg) were utilized in this experiment to compare different varieties of grain corn and α-amylase enzyme on feedlot cattle performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were blocked by body weight and breed and randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments consisted of: 1) Commercial commodity corn (CON); 2) Experimental test corn (TEST;), 3) 50:50 blend of CON and TEST corn sources (BLEND), and 4) CON with 5g of α-amylase enzyme added/hd/d (AMZ; Amaize®, Alltech). Steers were slaughtered after 138 days on feed. Feedlot performance, net energy recovery, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, subcutaneous adipose tissue depth, longissimus muscle area, marbling score, and calculated yield grade data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using PROC MIXED of SAS. Dietary treatment had no effect (P > 0.20) on BW, average daily gain, feed efficiency, or net energy recoveries. There was a tendency for daily dry matter intake (DMI) to be influenced by treatment: d 0 – d 90 (P < 0.09), d 91 – slaughter (P = 0.11), and d 0 – slaughter (P < 0.08). Dry matter intake was consistently greater for steers receiving the AMZ treatment when compared to all other treatments. Daily DMI for the TEST treatment was consistently lower than DMI for all other treatments. Hot carcass weight (P = 0.56), dressing percentage (P = 0.10), 12th subcutaneous fat depth (P = 0.88), longissimus muscle area (P = 0.84), yield grade (P = 0.91), marbling score (P = 0.76), quality grade (P = 0.67), and the distribution of USDA yield and quality grades (P > 0.74) were similar across treatments. These results indicate the value of the TEST corn as an energy source in feedlot cattle diets is similar to the value of COM corn an energy source.

scholarly journals The use of "kaun" (Local Potash) as a mineral source in the diet of West African Dwarf sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
A. M. Adeleye ◽  
A. B. J. Aina ◽  
I. F. Adu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Dwarf Sheep

The study was conducted for 48 days to assess the use of kaun as a source of mineral for Hest African Dwarf sheep. The study was in two parts. Experiment l involved the use of milled kaun mixed with formulated concentrate consisting of wheat offal (50%), palm kernel cake (25%) and dried brewer's grains (25%). Experiment II was the use of dissolved kaun administered to the animals in form / drenching. Each group of animals in experiment 1 was allocated to experimental diet containing milled kaun (0.00, 0.14, 0.28, 0.45 and 0.56g/kg body weight/ram. day) and to kaun solution (0,2,4,6 and 8g: 10ml of water/ram/day) in experiment II. In Experiment I, significant (P<0.05) effects of the diets were observed on average daily gain, dry matter intake and water consumption. The rams on D3 significantly (P<0.05) performed better in daily gain, dry matter intake and feed efficiency than those on other dietary treatment. Water consumption increased with increasing level of kaun in the diets. Animals on D5 had the highest water consumption. No significant (P>0.05) effects of the diets were observed on faecal and urinary mineral outputs of the rams fed kaun supplemented diet. The concentration of these minerals was higher at the end of the experiment than at the beginning thereby giving positive balance. Significant (P<0.05) negative mineral balance was noticed between serum mineral before and after the experiment. This could suggest that mineral utilization was encouraged by kaun inclusion in the concentrate feed. In Experiment II, there were significant (P<0.05) effects of the test diets on average daily gain, dry matter intake and water consumption. Diet 4 (g/10ml of water/ram/day) and D5 (8g:10ml of water/ram/day) performed better with an average daily gain of 100g/d and 92.9g/d; dry matter intake, 70g W0.7kg and 66g/W0.75kg; feed efficiency 0.700 and 0.710, respectively. Water consumption also increased with increase in the concentration of kaun solution but water consumption in treatment groups was lower than in the control (0.10L/kg body weight). The results of this study suggest that 0.28g kaun kg body weight ram/d) promoted better performance in experiment / while 6g kaun/10ml of water, or 8g kaun 10ml of water/ram/d promoted better performance in experiment II. These levels of kaun as a source of mineral in sheep production are therefore recommended for optimum performance.

scholarly journals Influence of Feeding Peanut Skins on Performance of Gulf Coast Ewe Lambs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal M. Abdelrahim ◽  
J. Khatiwada ◽  
D. Rankins ◽  
N. Gurung ◽  
A. Gueye
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Peanut Skins ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The effects of varying levels of dietary peanut skins (PS) inclusion on dry matter intake (DMI), growth, and carcass characteristics of lambs was assessed in 135-d feeding trial. We hypothesized that supplementing lambs’ diet with increasing levels of PS would increase DMI, enhance body growth, and impact carcass characteristics. Thus, the overall objective of the study was to gain a thorough understanding of the feeding value of PS to lambs. Twelve Gulf Coast ewe lambs (27.75 ± 0.93 kg initial body weight (BW) and 7 to 8 months of age) were blocked by BW and were randomly assigned within block to 1 of the 3 dietary treatments. Lambs were grouped in 2 pens per treatment (2 lambs/pen; n = 4/dietary treatment) with pen serving as the experimental unit. Lambs were fed dietary treatments containing 0 (control), 20, or 40% PS (DM basis) as a replacement for corn and SBM. Control diet contained dry-rolled corn, SBM, and fescue/Bermuda grass hay at forage to concentrate ratio of 63:37. All diets were formulated to meet or exceed the NRC requirements of the finishing lambs. At the end of the feeding trial, lambs were slaughtered, and carcass data were collected after a 48-h chill. Dry matter intake and final BW were not different among treatments (P >0.05). Also, no differences were observed in hot carcass weight (HCW; P = 0.57), cold carcass weight (CCW; P = 0.24), body wall fat (P = 0.06), 12th rib fat (P = 0.10), and kidney and pelvic fat (K&P fat; P = 0.65) among treatments. However, rib eye area (REA) was greater (P < 0.01) in lambs fed 0% and 20% PS than in lambs fed 40% PS. These results suggest that PS can replace a portion of corn and SBM commonly fed to lambs without any adverse effects on carcass characteristics or lambs performance. Thus, PS needs to be seriously considered as a potential low-cost feedstuff for ruminants.

scholarly journals Effects of the association between whole cottonseed and calcium salts of fatty acids on nutrient intake, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Bos indicus animals offered a high-concentrate diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo R. Müller ◽  
Daniel I C. G. Gouvêa ◽  
André F. Francischinelli ◽  
Guiherme D. A. Alvarenga ◽  
Pablo C Castagnino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Whole Cottonseed

Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of feeding whole cottonseed (WC) and/or calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) on dry matter intake (DMI), performance, and carcass characteristics of Bos indicus animals receiving a high-concentrate diet during the finishing phase. On day 0, 96 Nellore bulls were blocked according to initial shrunk body weight (BW; 302 ± 26.7 kg) into group pens (4 animals/pen) and, within blocks, pens were randomly assigned to receive: 1) 15% of WC and 2% of CSFA [dry matter (DM) basis] of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (15WC; n = 6), 2) 10% of WC and 3% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (10WC; n = 6), 3) 5% of WC and 4% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (5WC; n = 6), and 4) 0% of WC and 5% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (0WC; n = 6). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric, isonitrogenous, and isolipidic. Experimental period lasted 108 days, whereas dry matter intake (DMI) was evaluated daily and blood samples and carcass measurements were obtained on days 0, 55, and 108 of the study. Upon slaughter on day 109, steaks were collected for determination of the chemical and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. No treatment effects (P ≥ 0.35) were observed on DMI, performance, average daily gain (ADG), carcass ultrasound measurements, and chemical variables of the steak. Nonetheless, including WC into the diets increased C12:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2 cis-9,cis-12, C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15, saturated, and unsaturated FA intake (P &lt; 0.01). Moreover, adding WC increased DMI fluctuation and feed efficiency (P = 0.03), but decreased marbling (P ≤ 0.03). A treatment × day interaction was observed (P &lt; 0.01) for serum leptin concentration, as 10WC animals had greater leptin concentration on d 103 vs. other treatments (P &lt; 0.01). Regarding steak FA profile, WC addition into the diet increased C18:2 cis-7,trans-9 and C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (P &lt; 0.001), whereas saturated FA was quadratically affected (P = 0.02) and unsaturated FA was reduced for 15WC (P &lt; 0.04). In summary, increasing levels of CSFA into isolipidic finishing diets containing WC did not negatively impact feedlot performance, but reduced feed efficiency and increased marbling scores of Bos indicus bulls, demonstrating its feasibility as a technology to improve carcass traits of low-marbling animals.

scholarly journals PSXIV-34 Encapsulated nitrate on performance of growing Nellore bulls under grazing system during the dry season

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 431-432
Author(s):  
Cibelle B Figueiredo ◽  
Mauricia B Silva ◽  
Juliano Fernandes ◽  
Alana M Calaça ◽  
Higor Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of encapsulated calcium ammonium nitrate as a partial substitute for soybean meals in the concentrate dry matter intake, average daily gain and feed efficiency of Nellore young bulls under grazing conditions, during the dry season. Sixty-four weaned Nellore (initial BW = 177.46±3.77 kg and 9 mo old) were used in a completely randomized assay. The study lasted 84 days on the dry season. Animals were allotted into 16 paddocks of 1.0 ha each of Urochloa brizantha, randomly assigned into one of two treatments: (CTL) supplement with 25% CP, without nitrate inclusion and; (ENP): supplement with 25% CP, with a inclusion of 50 g of encapsulated calcium ammonium nitrate to each 100 kg of body weight. Animals were fed with concentrate at 1.0% of body weight. Concentrate offered was monitored daily as well as his refusals were collected and weighed to determine daily concentrate dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efficiency (F:G). Animals were weighed every 28 d for calculating average daily gain (ADG). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design, using ANOVA (α = 0.05). No effects of treatments (P &gt; 0.3487) were observed for final BW (246.69 kg). The same for concentrate dry matter intake (P &gt; 0.0550). Animals consumed 2.34 kg of supplement per day. The average daily gain (0.832 kg, P &gt; 0.2649) and feed efficiency (0.356 kg, P &gt; 0.7315) were not affected by the inclusion of nitrate. The inclusion of encapsulated calcium ammonium nitrate in supplement to Nellore young bulls under grazing conditions during the growing phase did not affect the performance.

scholarly journals PSXIV-17 Effects of corn bran plus solubles and corn oil on growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
Arquimedes Lima Junior ◽  
Murillo A Meschiatti ◽  
Vinicius N Gouvêa ◽  
Victor Dantas ◽  
Daniel Silva Antonelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets containing 3% CO, increasing levels of WDBS quadraticaly affected the DMI (P = 0.002). No effects of CO, WDBSF levels or CO × WDBS levels were observed for final body weight, average daily gain, hot carcass weight and dressing percentage. Feed efficiency tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for bulls fed diets containing CO (0.154 vs. 0.144). Increasing levels of WDBS tended (P = 0.09) to increase the feed efficiency. In summary, increasing levels of WDBS in finishing diets linearly (in diets without CO) or quadratically (in diets with CO) reduces the dry matter intake. Adding CO and WDBS tend to increase feed efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Cow Nutrition in the Far-off Period on Colostrum Quality and Immune Response of Calves

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Nowak ◽  
Robert Mikuła ◽  
Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka ◽  
Marta Ignatowicz ◽  
Andrzej Zachwieja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the limitation of energy intake by restrictive dry matter intake in the faroff part (from -56 d to -22 d) of dry period on the colostrum quality and the calf immunological status. Thirty-eight Polish Holstein- Friesian Black and White multiparous cows and their calves were randomly allotted to one of the two dietary treatments in the far-off period. In group ADLIB, diet was offered ad libitum (2.0% body weight), while in group REST, dry matter intake was restricted to 1.5% of body weight. Lowered feed intake in the far-off period did not have a statistically significant influence on the quality of colostrum. On the 3rd d of calves’ life, serum concentrations of immunoglobulins, albumins, globulins, total protein, and IGF-1 were not affected by treatments of dam in the far-off period. The concentrations of total Ig and G and A immunoglobulins of 21-day-old calves from cows fed ad libitum during the far-off period was found to be significantly lower compared to REST group. No significant differences in birth weight and growth rate during the first 21 d of life were found. Limiting maternal diet in far-off period did not affect negatively colostrum quality and calves` immune response during early stages of their life.

scholarly journals Effect of breed type and ionophore supplementation on growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot hair lambs

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Alfredo Lara-Juarez ◽  
Abraham Gil-González ◽  
Jorge Jimenez-Castro ◽  
Ramón Garcia-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Daily Gain

The effects of supplementing feedlot diets with ionophores and breed type were assessed on growth rate and carcass characteristics in hair lambs. Twenty four intact males, 12 Pelibuey × Dorper (PDo) and 12 Pelibuey × Damara (PDa) lambs, 17.9 ± 3.7 kg initial weight, were housed in individual pens for a 60-d feeding trial. The lambs were assigned randomly into four diets: control without additives (C); 25 µg/g monensin (M); 28 µg/g salinomycin (S); 28 µg/g S for 20 d, and 25 µg/g M for the next 40 d (SM). Each diet was supplied to six lambs. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four diets and two breed types of hair lambs (PDo and PDa). All diets were formulated to contain 14% CP and 2.6 Mcal ME/kg dry matter. At the end of the feeding trial carcass images were recorded in the last intercostal space (12th and 13th ribs) using ultrasound equipment to measure the Longissimus dorsi muscle area and subcutaneous fat (SF). The average daily gain (ADG), daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus dorsi area were not affected by ionophore supplementation.. The Pelibuey × Dorper group tended to show better average daily gain than Pelibuey × Damara (262 g/d and 235 g/d, respectively). Daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio and subcutaneous fat were not affected by breed type. The Pelibuey × Dorper lambs had greater Longissimus dorsi area (16.74 cm²) than the Pelibuey × Damara (14.29 cm²) lambs. The growth rate was not influenced by the inclusion of ionophores. Pelibuey × Dorper lambs showed better average daily gain and carcass characteristics than Pelibuey × Damara lambs.

Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and meat characteristics of lambs grown under silvopastoral systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
F.O.S. van Cleef ◽  
E.H.C.B. van Cleef ◽  
V.Z. Longhini ◽  
T.S. Nascimento ◽  
J.M.B. Ezequiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Silvopastoral System ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Final Color

Crossbred lambs were grown under different production systems (unshaded, moderate shading, intense shading) and were submitted to a feedlot finishing period where the performance, efficiency, carcass characteristics, and meat characteristics were evaluated. The dry matter intake was similar among treatments as well as the daily gain and feed efficiency. Hot and cold carcass weights, their dressing percentages, initial and final carcass temperature and pH, as well as initial and final color of meat were unaffected by treatments. In conclusion, the silvopastoral system used during the growing phase neither improved feedlot performance, feed efficiency, nor carcass and meat characteristics of crossbred lambs.

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