scholarly journals PSV-41 Antibacterial activity of ferulic acid and sodium chlorate against Escherichia coli F18 and K88 during incubations with porcine fecal bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 296-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Arzola ◽  
Elizabeth Latham ◽  
Robin Anderson ◽  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Yamicela Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Fecal Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic Incubation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Porcine Feces ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

Abstract The influence of ferulic acid (FA) and sodium chlorate (SC) was evaluated in two trials on the growth of Escherichia coli F18 and K88 (F18 and K88) incubated with porcine fecal bacteria. Treatments were 2 levels of FA (0 and 5 mg/mL) and 2 levels of SC (0 and 10 mM/mL). In trial one, ½-strength Mueller Hinton broth mixed with porcine feces (0.5% w/v) was inoculated with a novobiocin and naladixic acid resistant F18-strain. This fecal suspension was transferred to tubes (3/treatment) and anaerobically incubated at 39 oC for enumeration at 0, 6 and 24 h using MacConkey agar supplemented with novobiocin and naladixic acid with aerobic incubation at 37 oC. An interaction (FA x SC) at 6 and 24 h was observed (P < 0.01). At 6 h of incubation, SC alone or combined with FA had the lowest counts (P < 0.05); FA alone was lower than control but higher than SC or SC+FA (P < 0.05). At 24 h, FA alone or combined with SC had the lowest counts (P < 0.05); SC was lower than control but higher than FA or SC+FA (P < 0.05). In trial 2 were used the same procedures of trial 1, except that K88 was used. There was an interaction at 6 h (P < 0.01) where the lowest counts were in FA+SC (P < 0.05). SC alone or FA alone were lower than control but higher than SC+FA (P < 0.05). There was no interaction at 24 h (P = 0.16), where FA reduced the K88 counts (P < 0.01), however it was not affected by SC (P = 0.12). In conclusion, SC reduced E. coli counts; however, at 24 h of incubation greater reductions were observed when FA alone or combined with SC was added into the incubation fluid with porcine feces.

scholarly journals PSV-40 Antibacterial activity of sodium chlorate and essential oils against Escherichia coli (F18 and K88) during incubations with porcine fecal bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Robin Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth Latham ◽  
Rafael Cabrera ◽  
Yamicela Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Fecal Bacteria ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Porcine Feces

Abstract In two trials was evaluated the influence of sodium chlorate (SC) and essential oils (EO) on the growth of Escherichia coli F18 and K88 (F18 and K88) incubated with porcine fecal bacteria. The treatments were 2 levels of SC (0 and 10 mM/mL) and 2 levels of Activo® (0 and 1.5%; vol/vol). Activo® (EW Nutrition, Des Moines, IA) is a blend of oregano oil and cinnamon oil (EO) with water and citric acid. In trial one, ½-strength Mueller Hinton broth mixed with porcine feces (0.5% w/vol) was inoculated with a novobiocin and naladixic acid resistant F18-strain. This fecal suspension was transferred to tubes (3/treatment) and anaerobically incubated at 39 oC for enumeration at 0, 6 and 24 h using MacConkey agar supplemented with novobiocin and naladixic acid with aerobic incubation at 37 oC. An interaction (EO x SC) at 6 and 24 was observed (P < 0.01). At 6 and 24 h, EO alone or combined with SC had the lowest counts of F18 (P < 0.05); SC alone had lower counts of F18 than control (P < 0.05). In trial 2 were used the same procedures of trial 1, except that K88 was inoculated in the porcine fecal suspension. There was an interaction at 6 h (P < 0.01) where EO had the lowest counts of K88. The control showed the highest counts of K88 (P < 0.05). There was no interaction at 24 h (P = 0.14). The counts of K88 were reduced by EO (P < 0.01), however the counts were not affected by SC (P = 0.14). It was concluded that SC reduced the counts of E. coli F18, but it had minimal effect on E. coli K88 in the challenged porcine feces; essential oils were effective to reduce the pathogenic bacteria in the porcine feces.

scholarly journals Influence of sodium chlorate, ferulic acid, and essential oils on Escherichia coli and porcine fecal microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Arzola-Alvarez ◽  
Michael E Hume ◽  
Robin C Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth A Latham ◽  
Oscar Ruiz-Barrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
E Coli

Abstract The influence of sodium chlorate (SC), ferulic acid (FA), and essential oils (EO) was examined on the survivability of two porcine diarrhetic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains (F18 and K88) and populations of porcine fecal bacteria. Fecal bacterial populations were examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and identification by 16S gene sequencing. The treatments were control (no additives), 10 mM SC, 2.5 mg FA /mL, a 1.5% vol/vol solution of an EO mixture as well as mixtures of EO + SC, EO + FA, and FA + SC at each of the aforementioned concentrations. EO were a commercial blend of oregano oil and cinnamon oil with water and citric acid. Freshly collected porcine feces in half-strength Mueller Hinton broth was inoculated with E. coli F18 (Trial 1) or E. coli K88 (Trial 2). The fecal-E. coli suspensions were transferred to crimp top tubes preloaded with the treatment compounds. Quantitative enumeration was at 0, 6, and 24 h. All treatments reduced (P < 0.05) the counts of E. coli F18 at 6 and 24 h. With the exception of similarity coefficient (%SC), all the other treatments reduced (P < 0.05) the K88 counts at 24 h. The most effective treatments to reduce the F18 and K88 CFU numbers were those containing EO. Results of DGGE revealed that Dice percentage similarity coefficients (%SC) of bacterial profiles among treatment groups varied from 81.3% to 100%SC. The results of gene sequencing showed that, except for SC at 24 h, all the other treatments reduced the counts of the family Enterobacteriaceae, while Lactobacillaceae and Ruminococcaceae increased and Clostridiaceae decreased in all treatments. In conclusion, all treatments were effective in reducing the ETEC, but EO mixture was the most effective. The porcine microbial communities may be influenced by the studied treatments.

scholarly journals Anti-Biofilm Effect of Octenidine and Polyhexanide on Uropathogenic Biofilm-Producing Bacteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Maria Loose ◽  
Kurt G. Naber ◽  
Larry Purcell ◽  
Manfred P. Wirth ◽  
Florian M.E. Wagenlehner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Artificial Urine ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

<b><i>Background:</i></b> A catheter allowing a release of antibacterial substances such as antiseptics into the bladder could be a new way of preventing biofilm formation and subsequent catheter-associated urinary tract infections. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) determinations in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth and artificial urine were performed for 4 antiseptics against 3 uropathogenic biofilm producers, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>. Furthermore, effects of octenidine and polyhexanide against catheter biofilm formation were determined by quantification of biofilm-producing bacteria. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sodium hypochlorite showed MIC/MBC values between 200 and 800 mg/L for all strains tested. Triclosan was efficient against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. mirabilis</i> (MIC ≤2.98 mg/L) but ineffective against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Octenidine and polyhexanide showed antibacterial activity against all 3 species tested (MIC 1.95–7.8 and 3.9–31.25 mg/L). Both octenidine and polyhexanide were able to prevent biofilm formation on catheter segments in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, adding 250 mg/L of each biocide disrupted biofilms formed by <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. mirabilis</i>, whereas even 500 mg/L was not sufficient to completely destroy <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilms. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Octenidine- and polyhexanide-containing antiseptics showed a broad effect against typical uropathogenic biofilm producers even in high dilutions. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the potential of octenidine and polyhexanide as prophylaxis or treatment of catheter biofilms.

In vitro Time Kill of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia versus Escherichia coli using Cation Adjusted Muller Hinton Broth and ISO-Sensitest Broth

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell J. Lasko ◽  
Matthew L. Gethers ◽  
Jennifer L. Tabor-Rennie ◽  
David P. Nicolau ◽  
Joseph L. Kuti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Optimal Dosing ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) is considered the treatment of choice for infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia , but limited pharmacodynamic data are available to support current susceptibility breakpoints or guide optimal dosing. Time-kill studies using a TMP/SMZ concentration of 4/40 μg/mL were conducted to compare 4 S. maltophilia with 4 Escherichia coli having the same MICs (0.25/4.75-4/76 μg/mL) in cation adjusted Mueller Hinton Broth (CAMHB) and ISO-Sensitest™ broth (ISO). With the exception of the resistant isolates (4/76 μg/mL), which resulted in regrowth approaching control, TMP/SMZ displayed significantly greater killing for E. coli compared with S. maltophilia at each MIC. Against E. coli , mean changes at 24 hour were -4.49, -1.73, -1.59, and +1.83 log 10 colony forming units (CFU) for isolates with MICs of 0.25/4.75, 1/19, 2/39, and 4/74 μg/mL, respectively. The f AUC/MIC required for stasis, 1-log 10 , and 2-log 10 CFU reductions were 40.7, 59.5, and 86.3, respectively. In contrast, TMP/SMZ displayed no stasis or CFU reductions against any S. maltophilia regardless of MIC, and no pharmacodynamic thresholds were quantifiable. Observations were consistent in both CAMHB and ISO broth. These data add increasing evidence that current TMP/SMZ susceptibility breakpoints against S. maltophilia should be reassessed.

Effect of Ethanol/Trisodium Citrate Lock on Microorganisms Causing Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Takla ◽  
S.A. Zelenitsky ◽  
L.M. Vercaigne
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lock Solution ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth ◽  
Made In

Purpose This in vitro study tested the effectiveness of a novel 30% ethanol/4% trisodium citrate (TSC) lock solution against the most common pathogens causing hemodialysis catheter-related infections. Methods Clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n=4), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (n=8), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) (n=8), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=4) and Escherichia coli (n=4) were tested in duplicate. Bacterial suspensions of each isolate were made in a control solution of normal saline and Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB), and in a lock solution of ethanol 30%, TSC 4% and MHB. Suspensions were incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Colony counts were determined from samples collected at t=0 h (before exposure to the ethanol/TSC lock), t=1 h (one hour after exposure to the ethanol/TSC lock), t=24 h and t=48 h. To confirm the absence of viable organisms in the lock solution, the remaining volume at 48 h was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter. The filter was rinsed with 15 mL sterile water and plated on tryptic soy agar (TSA). Results All controls demonstrated significant growth over 48 h. In the lock solutions, initial inocula were reduced to 0 viable colonies by t=1 h (6-log kill), and there was no growth at t=24 and 48 h. Filtering of lock solutions also showed no growth. These results were consistent among duplicates of all isolates. Conclusions The 30% ethanol/4% TSC lock solution consistently eradicated MRSA, MSSA, MRSE, P. aeruginosa and E. coli within 1 h of exposure. Experiments are currently underway to test this novel lock solution on preventing biofilm production by these pathogens.

Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 as a Quality Control Isolate for Susceptibility Testing of Haemophilus influenzae with Haemophilus Test Medium

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Butler ◽  
C. J. Jakielaszek ◽  
L. A. Miller ◽  
J. A. Poupard
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Quality Control Testing ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor

ABSTRACT Current National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) susceptibility guidelines for quality control testing withHaemophilus influenzae do not include a β-lactamase-producing strain that could detect the deterioration of the β-lactamase inhibitor components of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam, and piperacillin-tazobactam. The objective of the study was to determine if comparable quality control results forEscherichia coli ATCC 35218, a β-lactamase-producing strain, would be produced for the three β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor agents with Haemophilus test medium and Mueller-Hinton medium. The criteria used in this study to determine if Haemophilus test medium was acceptable for quality control testing of E. coli ATCC 35218 was that 100% of the results obtained with an antimicrobial agent-methodology combination needed to be within the acceptable NCCLS ranges established with Mueller-Hinton medium. The MIC testing results obtained by the broth microdilution and E-test methods with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam were all within the NCCLS ranges; however, the results obtained with ampicillin-sulbactam by both methods were not within the NCCLS ranges. Acceptable results were obtained by the disk diffusion methodology with ampicillin-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam but not with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. When performing susceptibility testing with H. influenzae with the β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitors, in addition to quality control testing with H. influenzae ATCC 49247, testing of E. coli ATCC 35218 on Haemophilus test medium is an effective way to monitor the β-lactamase inhibitors in some antimicrobial agent-methodology combinations.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE Thimus vulgaris (TOMILHO), Syzygium aromaticum (CRAVO-DA-INDIA) E Rosmarinus officinalis (ALECRIM) E DOS CONSERVANTES BENZOATO DE SÓDIO E SORBATO DE POTÁSSIO EM Escherichia coli E Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Aparecida Da Silva ◽  
Márcia Maria Dos Anjos ◽  
Suelen Pereira Ruiz ◽  
Lucimara Bergamo Panice ◽  
Jane Martha Graton Mikcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a ação dos óleos essenciais de Thymus vulgaris (tomilho), Syzygium aromaticum (cravo-da-índia) e Rosmarinus officinalis (alecrim) e dos conservantes benzoato de sódio e sorbato de potássio como agentes antimicrobianos. As cepas de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) e Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) foram utilizadas no teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana usando-se a técnica de microdiluição em microplaca de 96 poços para avaliação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e, posteriormente, subcultivo em Mueller Hinton Agar para avaliaçãoda Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). As concentrações dos óleos e conservantes sintéticos testados variaram de 15,6 a 1000μg/mL. As microdiluições utilizando inóculos bacterianos nas concentrações de 104 UFC/mL foram incubadas a 37ºC/24h. As CIM para os óleos essenciais de cravo, tomilho e alecrim foram de 550, 650 e >1000μg/mL para E. coli e 550, 800 e 1000μg/mL para S. aureus, respectivamente. No entanto, a ação bactericida dos óleos essenciais do cravo-da-índia e do tomilho foi encontrada apenas em relação a E. coli, na concentração de 550 e 850μg/mL, respectivamente. Para os dois conservantes sintéticos testados, a CIM foi >1000μg/mL, portanto não apresentaram atividade antibacteriana contra os microrganismos testados. Trabalhos futuros deverão ser realizados para verifi car a efi ciência dos antimicrobianos naturais anteriormente citados e para avaliar a possibilidade de serem utilizados na indústria de alimentos.   

scholarly journals Construction of an Artificial Biosynthetic Pathway for the Styrylpyrone Compound 11-Methoxy-Bisnoryangonin Produced in Engineered Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Taek Heo ◽  
Byeongsan Lee ◽  
Jae-Hyuk Jang ◽  
Jung-Oh Ahn ◽  
Young-Soo Hong
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Glucose Medium ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Simple Sugar

A cDNA clone (named pnpks), which shows high homology to the known chalcone synthase (CHS)-like type III PKS, was obtained from the leaves of Piper nigrum. The PnPKS protein with ferulic acid catalyzed lactonization instead of chalcone or stilbene formation. The new product was characterized as a styrylpyrone, 11-methoxy-bisnoryangonin, which is the lactonization compound of a linear triketide formed as the reaction product of PnPKS protein with ferulic acid. These results show that pnpks encodes a styrylpyrone synthase (SPS)-like PKS that catalyzes two-chain elongation with feruloyl CoA-linked starter substrates. Although these styrylpyrone compounds are promising for use in human healthcare, they are mainly obtained by extraction from raw plant or mushroom sources. For de novo synthesis of 11-methoxy-bisnoryangonin in the heterologous host Escherichia coli from a simple sugar as a starter, the artificial biosynthetic pathway contained five genes: optal, sam5, com, and 4cl2nt, along with the pnpks gene. The engineered L-tyrosine overproducing E. coli ∆COS1 strain, in which five biosynthetic genes were cloned into two vectors, pET-opT5M and pET22-4P, was cultured for 24 h in a minimal glucose medium containing ampicillin and kanamycin. As a result, 11-methoxy-bisnoryangonin production of up to 52.8 mg/L was achieved, which is approximately 8.5-fold higher than that in the parental E. coli strain harboring a plasmid for 11-methoxy-bisnoryangonin biosynthesis. As a potential styrylpyrone compound, 11-methoxy-bisnoryangonin, was successfully produced in E. coli from a simple glucose medium, and its production titer was also increased using engineered strains. This study provides a useful reference for establishing the biological manufacture of styrylpyrone compounds.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRSAK (Annonae muricata L.) DENGAN METODE DIFUSI AGAR CAKRAM TERHADAP Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
I Made Agus Sunadi Putra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Diare biasanya disebabkan oleh bakteri Eschericia coli yang terkontaminasi melalui makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi bakteri tersebut melalui lalat. Beberapa masyarakat menggunakan daun sirsak sebagai antidiare. Banyak kandungan yang terdapat dalam daun sirsak ini saponin, tanin, alkaloid, dan flavonoid, yang mana senyawa ini dapat berfungsi sebagai desinfektan-antiseptik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annonae muricatae L.) terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini menggunakan isolat bakteri E. coli ATCC 25922 yang diperoleh dari Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana. Hasil perasan daun sirsak berasal dari 100 gram daun sirsak yang dihaluskan kemudian ditambah dengan etanol, maserasi kemudian diperas. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 95%. Konsentrasi ekstrak kental daun sirsak yang digunakan adalah 50%, 80%, 100% dan kontrol positif tetrasiklin. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar (difusi Kirby dan Bauer yang dimodifikasi) dengan cara cakram. Media yang digunakan adalah Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasilnya pada konsentrasi 50%, 80% dan 100% tidak menunjukkan zona hambat terhadap bakteri Eschericia coli.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA DE DETERGENTES NA REMOÇÃO DE BIOFILMES DE CEPA DE ESCHERICHIA COLI EM SUPERFÍCIE DE AÇO INOXIDÁVEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Giovana Garcia Fabiano ◽  
◽  
Raul Gomes Aguera ◽  
Daniela Biral Do Prado ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton

Escherichia coli é um patógeno associado a doenças transmitidas por alimentos. E. coli pode estar presente na indústria de alimentos através de biofilmes em condições higiênicas inadequadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de detergentes na remoção de biofilmes de E. coli em superfície de aço inoxidável. Os cupons de aço inoxidável AISI 304, acabamento número 4 (dimensões de 8 mm x 8 mm x 1 mm) foram imersos assepticamente em microtubos contendo 1mL de caldo Mueller Hinton (MH) contaminado com 105 UFC/mL de E.coli e incubados a 35 °C por 24h para formação do biofilme. Após, cada cupom foi submetido a procedimentos de higienização: limpeza com detergente enzimático por 5 min a temperatura de 40 °C e limpeza com detergente alcalino a 1% por 5 min a temperatura ambiente. Após as etapas de limpeza, cada cupom foi transferido para microtubo contendo 1 mL de solução salina a 0,85% e submetidos a agitação por 2 min para desprendimento do biofilme. Após, foram realizadas as diluições seriadas e o plaqueamento em ágar (MH) para a quantificação das células. Os cupons do controle não receberam agentes de limpeza e suas contagens foram utilizadas para o cálculo do número de reduções decimais devido aos processos de higienização. O tratamento com o detergente enzimático apresentou uma redução de 1,31 log UFC/cm2 . O detergente alcalino reduziu (3,70 log UFC/cm2 ) as contagens de E.coli da superfície de aço inoxidável. Nenhum método de higienização testado removeu totalmente o biofilme microbiano da superfície de aço inoxidável.

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