Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric cancer incidence in the Japanese population: a systematic evidence review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
Sayo Kawai ◽  
Tae Sasakabe ◽  
Chisato Nagata ◽  
Mariko Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Abstract Background In Japan, there are ongoing efforts to shift the gastric cancer prevention and control policy priorities from barium-based screening to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-oriented primary prevention. A comprehensive summary of the evidence regarding the effects of H. pylori eradication on the risk of gastric cancer could inform policy decisions. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies evaluating the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication for the prevention of gastric cancer in otherwise healthy individuals (primary prevention) and early gastric cancer patients (tertiary prevention). Results In total, 19 studies were included. Three moderate-quality observational cohort studies showed that H. pylori eradication may be associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic Japanese people. There is moderate certainty regarding the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcers. A meta-analysis of 10 observational studies with otherwise healthy individuals (mainly peptic ulcer patients) yielded an overall odds ratio of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.25–0.46). Regarding tertiary prevention, the overall odds ratio for developing metachronous gastric cancer was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.35–0.51) in the eradication group in a meta-analysis of nine studies involving early gastric cancer patients who underwent endoscopic resection. Conclusion H. pylori eradication is effective in preventing gastric cancer in the Japanese population, regardless of symptoms. Well-designed, large cohort studies are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication in the context of reducing the gastric cancer burden through population-based screening and treatment.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobin Azami ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Parisa Kohnepoushi ◽  
Lotfolah Saed ◽  
Asra Moradkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Methods To identify case-control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to quantify the effect of case-control studies and risk ratio with its 95%CI for the effect of cohort studies. Results 22 studies with 206911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case-control studies was 1.19 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case-control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. Conclusion A positive association was found between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance as well as metabolic syndrome, so planning to eliminate or eradicate H. pylori infection could be an effective solution to improve metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with the risk of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobin Azami ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Hojat Dehghanbanadaki ◽  
Parisa Kohnepoushi ◽  
Lotfolah Saed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Methods To identify case–control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval to quantify the effect of case–control studies and risk ratio with its 95% CI for the effect of cohort studies. Results 22 studies with 206,911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case–control studies was 1.19 (95% CI 1.05–1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95% CI 1.13–1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case–control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95% CI 1.19–1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. Conclusion In this meta-analysis, the results showed that there was a possibility of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in case of H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Gut ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2113-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Charles Ford ◽  
Yuhong Yuan ◽  
Paul Moayyedi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Gastric Neoplasia ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectivesGastric cancer is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). We conducted a previous systematic review and meta-analysis that suggested eradication therapy reduced future incidence of gastric cancer, but effect size was uncertain, and there was no reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality. We updated this meta-analysis, as more data has accumulated. We also evaluated impact of eradication therapy on future risk of gastric cancer in patients having endoscopic mucosal resection for gastric neoplasia.DesignWe searched the medical literature through February 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining effect of eradication therapy on subsequent occurrence of gastric cancer in healthy H. pylori-positive adults, and in H. pylori-positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection. The control arm received placebo or no treatment. Follow-up was for ≥2 years. We estimated the relative risk (RR) number needed to treat (NNT), and evaluated the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) gained from screening from the meta-analysis.ResultsWe identified 10 RCTs, seven recruited 8323 healthy individuals, and three randomised 1841 patients with gastric neoplasia. In healthy individuals, eradication therapy reduced incidence of gastric cancer (RR=0.54; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.72, NNT=72), and reduced mortality from gastric cancer (RR=0.61; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.92, NNT=135), but did not affect all-cause mortality. These data suggest that 8 743 815 DALYs (95% CI 5 646 173 to 11 847 456) would be gained if population screening and treatment was implemented globally. In patients with gastric neoplasia, eradication therapy also reduced incidence of future gastric cancer (RR=0.49; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.70, NNT=21). Adverse events were incompletely reported.ConclusionThere is moderate evidence to suggest that H. pylori eradication therapy reduces the incidence of gastric cancer in healthy individuals and patients with gastric neoplasia in East Asian countries. There also appears to be a reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality.

scholarly journals The relationship between the simultaneity present of cagA and hopQI genes in Helicobacter pylori and the risk of gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Baosheng Chen ◽  
Jishui Zhang ◽  
Qiutong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that causes infections in the gastrointestinal tract. This type of bacterium is very common and contagious at the same time. H. pylori enters the mouth and continues its course along the gastrointestinal tract. H. pylori infection induces an inflammatory response that leads to the activity of neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. In addition to the bacterial role in gastric mucosa, the host's inflammatory response may also play a role in disease outcome. In inflammation, the risk of carcinogenesis increases due to DNA damage increased proliferation and the creation of an environment rich in cytokines and growth factors. Genetic methods and diagnosis of H. pylori genes are used to identify healthy and healthy gastric cancer patients infected with H. pylori. In relation to the genes associated with H. pylori pathogenesis, the presence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, hopQII and so on is used, and PCR of a part of these genes amplified fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is the association of two or more pathogenic genes simultaneously with H. pylori. In this research, the frequency of disease and healthy individuals who are infected with H. pylori and have two genotypes cagA and hopQI at the same time, was examined. In order to diagnose H. pylori-infected individuals in healthy and gastric cancer patients, after PCR of glmM gene, PCR product electrophoresis on agarose gel was used. For this purpose, gastric tissue biopsy was used in patients and saliva was used in healthy individuals. For this purpose, 100 gastric biopsy samples were collected from patients with gastric cancer and 100 saliva samples from healthy individuals. According to the data, there is a significant relationship between the simultaneous presence of two genes cagA and hopQI and gastric cancer. In patients, 45.3% showed both genotypes, while in healthy individuals only 10.5% have this genotype and other healthy but infected with H. pylori (90.8%) do not have this genotype. To be. No report was observed on the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes. No report was observed regarding the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes.

scholarly journals Western-Type Helicobacter pylori CagA are the Most Frequent Type in Mongolian Patients

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegshee Tserentogtokh ◽  
Boldbaatar Gantuya ◽  
Phawinee Subsomwong ◽  
Khasag Oyuntsetseg ◽  
Dashdorj Bolor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Virulent Type ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Caga Status ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Helicobacter pylori infection possessing East-Asian-type CagA is associated with carcinogenesis. Mongolia has the highest mortality rate from gastric cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the CagA status in the Mongolian population. High risk and gastric cancer patients were determined using endoscopy and histological examination. H. pylori strains were isolated from different locations in Mongolia. The CagA subtypes (East-Asian-type or Western-type, based on sequencing of Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) segments) and vacA genotypes (s and m regions) were determined using PCR-based sequencing and PCR, respectively. In total, 368 patients were examined (341 gastritis, 10 peptic ulcer, and 17 gastric cancer). Sixty-two (16.8%) strains were cagA-negative and 306 (83.1%) were cagA-positive (293 Western-type, 12 East-Asian-type, and one hybrid type). All cagA-negative strains were isolated from gastritis patients. In the gastritis group, 78.6% (268/341) had Western-type CagA, 2.9% (10/341) had East-Asian-type, and 18.2% (61/341) were cagA-negative. However, all H. pylori from gastric cancer patients possessed Western-type CagA. Histological analyses showed that East-Asian-type CagA was the most virulent strains, followed by Western-type and cagA-negative strains. This finding agreed with the current consensus. CagA-positive strains were the most virulent type. However, the fact that different CagA types can explain the high incidence of gastric cancer might be inapplicable in Mongolia.

scholarly journals Effect of Helicobacter Pylori on Plasma Metabolic Phenotype in Patients With Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110418
Author(s):  
Yan-Ping Wang ◽  
Ting Wei ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Xiao-Liang Zhu ◽  
Long-Fei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Background Although  Helicobacter pylori (Hp) as high risk factor for gastric cancer have been investigated from human trial, present data is inadequate to explain the effect of Hp on the changes of metabolic phenotype of gastric cancer in different stages. Purpose Herein, plasma of human superficial gastritis (Hp negative and positive), early gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer analyzed by UPLC-HDMS metabolomics can not only reveal metabolic phenotype changes in patients with gastric cancer of different degrees (30 Hp negative, 30 Hp positive, 20 early gastric cancer patients, and 10 advanced gastric cancer patients), but also auxiliarily diagnose gastric cancer. Results Combined with multivariate statistical analysis, the results represented biomarkers different from Hp negative, Hp positive, and the alterations of metabolic phenotype of gastric cancer patients. Forty-three metabolites are involved in amino acid metabolism, and lipid and fatty acid metabolism pathways in the process of cancer occurrence, especially 2 biomarkers glycerophosphocholine and neopterin, were screened in this study. Neopterin was consistently increased with gastric cancer progression and glycerophosphocholine tended to consistently decrease from Hp negative to advanced gastric cancer. Conclusion This method could be used for the development of rapid targeted methods for biomarker identification and a potential diagnosis of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Positive Helicobacter pylori status is associated with better overall survival for gastric cancer patients: evidence from case-cohort studies

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (45) ◽  
pp. 79604-79617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqian Fang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Jialin Cai ◽  
Fangxiu Luo ◽  
Fei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Risk assessment of gastric cancer in the presence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and hopQII genes

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Binghua Yin ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Huazhi Huo ◽  
Zahra Aziziaram
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most common bacterial infections globally and is the leading cause of indigestion, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. This bacterium can escape the antibacterial effects of stomach acid by adapting to the inner layers of the stomach. It combines with the natural sugars in the gastric mucosa. The compound is so effective that it makes bacterium resistant. For genes related to the pathogenesis of H. pylori, using the existence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, and hopQII, PCR is performed on some of these genes to amplify fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is that two or more pathogenic genes are simultaneously associated with H. pylori. This study examined the frequency of diseases and healthy individuals infected with H. pylori and cagA and hopQII genotypes. To diagnose H. pylori infection in healthy and stomach cancer patients, the PCR products are electrophoresed on the agarose gel after glmM gene amplification by PCR. To this aim, stomach tissue biopsies were used for patients, and saliva was used for healthy individuals. For this purpose, 150 gastric biopsy samples from stomach cancer patients and 150 saliva samples from healthy people were collected. Data showed a significant relationship between the coexistence of two genes, cagA and hopQII, and stomach cancer. 34.2% of patients and 10.1% of healthy individuals showed two genotypes, while other healthy people (89.9%) infected with H. pylori did not have this genotype. Therefore, the simultaneous presence of these two bacterial genes in human societies can be an essential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

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