scholarly journals The relationship between the simultaneity present of cagA and hopQI genes in Helicobacter pylori and the risk of gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Baosheng Chen ◽  
Jishui Zhang ◽  
Qiutong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that causes infections in the gastrointestinal tract. This type of bacterium is very common and contagious at the same time. H. pylori enters the mouth and continues its course along the gastrointestinal tract. H. pylori infection induces an inflammatory response that leads to the activity of neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. In addition to the bacterial role in gastric mucosa, the host's inflammatory response may also play a role in disease outcome. In inflammation, the risk of carcinogenesis increases due to DNA damage increased proliferation and the creation of an environment rich in cytokines and growth factors. Genetic methods and diagnosis of H. pylori genes are used to identify healthy and healthy gastric cancer patients infected with H. pylori. In relation to the genes associated with H. pylori pathogenesis, the presence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, hopQII and so on is used, and PCR of a part of these genes amplified fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is the association of two or more pathogenic genes simultaneously with H. pylori. In this research, the frequency of disease and healthy individuals who are infected with H. pylori and have two genotypes cagA and hopQI at the same time, was examined. In order to diagnose H. pylori-infected individuals in healthy and gastric cancer patients, after PCR of glmM gene, PCR product electrophoresis on agarose gel was used. For this purpose, gastric tissue biopsy was used in patients and saliva was used in healthy individuals. For this purpose, 100 gastric biopsy samples were collected from patients with gastric cancer and 100 saliva samples from healthy individuals. According to the data, there is a significant relationship between the simultaneous presence of two genes cagA and hopQI and gastric cancer. In patients, 45.3% showed both genotypes, while in healthy individuals only 10.5% have this genotype and other healthy but infected with H. pylori (90.8%) do not have this genotype. To be. No report was observed on the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes. No report was observed regarding the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes.

scholarly journals Western-Type Helicobacter pylori CagA are the Most Frequent Type in Mongolian Patients

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegshee Tserentogtokh ◽  
Boldbaatar Gantuya ◽  
Phawinee Subsomwong ◽  
Khasag Oyuntsetseg ◽  
Dashdorj Bolor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Virulent Type ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Caga Status ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Helicobacter pylori infection possessing East-Asian-type CagA is associated with carcinogenesis. Mongolia has the highest mortality rate from gastric cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the CagA status in the Mongolian population. High risk and gastric cancer patients were determined using endoscopy and histological examination. H. pylori strains were isolated from different locations in Mongolia. The CagA subtypes (East-Asian-type or Western-type, based on sequencing of Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) segments) and vacA genotypes (s and m regions) were determined using PCR-based sequencing and PCR, respectively. In total, 368 patients were examined (341 gastritis, 10 peptic ulcer, and 17 gastric cancer). Sixty-two (16.8%) strains were cagA-negative and 306 (83.1%) were cagA-positive (293 Western-type, 12 East-Asian-type, and one hybrid type). All cagA-negative strains were isolated from gastritis patients. In the gastritis group, 78.6% (268/341) had Western-type CagA, 2.9% (10/341) had East-Asian-type, and 18.2% (61/341) were cagA-negative. However, all H. pylori from gastric cancer patients possessed Western-type CagA. Histological analyses showed that East-Asian-type CagA was the most virulent strains, followed by Western-type and cagA-negative strains. This finding agreed with the current consensus. CagA-positive strains were the most virulent type. However, the fact that different CagA types can explain the high incidence of gastric cancer might be inapplicable in Mongolia.

Risk assessment of gastric cancer in the presence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and hopQII genes

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Binghua Yin ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Huazhi Huo ◽  
Zahra Aziziaram
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most common bacterial infections globally and is the leading cause of indigestion, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. This bacterium can escape the antibacterial effects of stomach acid by adapting to the inner layers of the stomach. It combines with the natural sugars in the gastric mucosa. The compound is so effective that it makes bacterium resistant. For genes related to the pathogenesis of H. pylori, using the existence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, and hopQII, PCR is performed on some of these genes to amplify fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is that two or more pathogenic genes are simultaneously associated with H. pylori. This study examined the frequency of diseases and healthy individuals infected with H. pylori and cagA and hopQII genotypes. To diagnose H. pylori infection in healthy and stomach cancer patients, the PCR products are electrophoresed on the agarose gel after glmM gene amplification by PCR. To this aim, stomach tissue biopsies were used for patients, and saliva was used for healthy individuals. For this purpose, 150 gastric biopsy samples from stomach cancer patients and 150 saliva samples from healthy people were collected. Data showed a significant relationship between the coexistence of two genes, cagA and hopQII, and stomach cancer. 34.2% of patients and 10.1% of healthy individuals showed two genotypes, while other healthy people (89.9%) infected with H. pylori did not have this genotype. Therefore, the simultaneous presence of these two bacterial genes in human societies can be an essential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Relation between Seroreactivity to Low-Molecular-Weight Helicobacter pylori-Specific Antigens and Disease Presentation

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratha-Korn Vilaichone ◽  
Varocha Mahachai ◽  
Chomsri Kositchaiwat ◽  
David Y. Graham ◽  
Yoshio Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Disease Associations ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

ABSTRACT The identification of Helicobacter pylori-strain specific factors that correlate with clinical outcome has remained elusive. We investigated possible relationships between a group of H. pylori antigens and clinical outcome and compared an immunoblot assay kit (HelicoBlot, version 2.1 [HB 2.1]; Genelabs Diagnostics) with an established serological test, the high-molecular-weight cell-associated protein test (HM-CAP). We used sera from 156 Thai patients with different disease presentations, including 43 patients with gastric cancer, 64 patients with gastric ulcer, and 49 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). HB 2.1 was compared to HM-CAP as a diagnostic test for H. pylori infection. The seroprevalence of H. pylori was significantly higher among gastric cancer patients than among patients with NUD (93 and 67%, respectively; P < 0.01). Among the H. pylori-seropositive patients, the presence of the antibody to the 37,000-molecular-weight antigen (37K antigen) was inversely related to the presence of gastric cancer (e.g., for gastric cancer patients compared with NUD patients, odds ratio [OR] = 0.28 and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.1 to 0.8). The presence of antibody to the 35K antigen was higher in gastric ulcer patients than in NUD patients (OR = 11.5; 95% CI = 2.4 to 54.3). The disease associations of antibodies to the 35K and 37K antigens are consistent with the possibility that these antigens are either indirect markers for H. pylori-related diseases or have specific active or protective roles in H. pylori-related diseases.

Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric cancer incidence in the Japanese population: a systematic evidence review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
Sayo Kawai ◽  
Tae Sasakabe ◽  
Chisato Nagata ◽  
Mariko Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Abstract Background In Japan, there are ongoing efforts to shift the gastric cancer prevention and control policy priorities from barium-based screening to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-oriented primary prevention. A comprehensive summary of the evidence regarding the effects of H. pylori eradication on the risk of gastric cancer could inform policy decisions. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies evaluating the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication for the prevention of gastric cancer in otherwise healthy individuals (primary prevention) and early gastric cancer patients (tertiary prevention). Results In total, 19 studies were included. Three moderate-quality observational cohort studies showed that H. pylori eradication may be associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic Japanese people. There is moderate certainty regarding the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcers. A meta-analysis of 10 observational studies with otherwise healthy individuals (mainly peptic ulcer patients) yielded an overall odds ratio of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.25–0.46). Regarding tertiary prevention, the overall odds ratio for developing metachronous gastric cancer was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.35–0.51) in the eradication group in a meta-analysis of nine studies involving early gastric cancer patients who underwent endoscopic resection. Conclusion H. pylori eradication is effective in preventing gastric cancer in the Japanese population, regardless of symptoms. Well-designed, large cohort studies are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication in the context of reducing the gastric cancer burden through population-based screening and treatment.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Infection–Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signatures Predict the Prognostic Status for Gastric Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoyuan Xin ◽  
Luping Zhang ◽  
Mingqing Liu ◽  
Yachen Wang ◽  
Yingli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Type I ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Tissues

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type I biological carcinogen, which may cause about 75% of the total incidence of gastric cancer worldwide. H. pylori infection can induce and activate the cancer-promoting signaling pathway and affect the occurrence and outcome of gastric cancer through controlling the regulatory functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, we have no understanding of the prognostic worth of lncRNAs for gastric cancer patients infected with H. pylori.MethodWe screened differentially expressed lncRNAs using DESeq2 method among TCGA database. And we built the H. pylori infection-related lncRNAs regulatory patterns. Then, we constructed H. pylori infection-based lncRNAs prognostic signatures for gastric cancer patients together with H. pylori infection, via uni-variable and multi-variable COX regression analyses. Based on receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, we evaluated the prediction effectiveness for this model.ResultsWe identified 115 H. pylori infection–related genes were differentially expressed among H. pylori–infected gastric cancer tissues versus gastric cancer tissues. Functional enrichment analysis implies that H. pylori infection might interfere with the immune-related pathways among gastric cancer tissues. Then, we built H. pylori infection–related dys-regulated lncRNA regulatory networks. We also identified 13 differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with prognosis for gastric cancer patients together with H. pylori infection. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the lncRNA signatures were correlated with the poor prognosis. What is more, the AUC of the lncRNA signatures was 0.712. Also, this prognostic prediction model was superior to the traditional clinical characters.ConclusionWe successfully constructed a H. pylori–related lncRNA risk signature and nomogram associated with H. pylori–infected gastric cancer patients prognosis, and the signature and nomogram can predict the prognosis of these patients.

scholarly journals A bacterial small RNA regulates the adaptation of Helicobacter pylori to the host environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kinoshita-Daitoku ◽  
Kotaro Kiga ◽  
Masatoshi Miyakoshi ◽  
Ryota Otsubo ◽  
Yoshitoshi Ogura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Host Environment ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

AbstractLong-term infection of the stomach with Helicobacter pylori can cause gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms by which the bacteria adapt to the stomach environment are poorly understood. Here, we show that a small non-coding RNA of H. pylori (HPnc4160, also known as IsoB or NikS) regulates the pathogen’s adaptation to the host environment as well as bacterial oncoprotein production. In a rodent model of H. pylori infection, the genomes of bacteria isolated from the stomach possess an increased number of T-repeats upstream of the HPnc4160-coding region, and this leads to reduced HPnc4160 expression. We use RNA-seq and iTRAQ analyses to identify eight targets of HPnc4160, including genes encoding outer membrane proteins and oncoprotein CagA. Mutant strains with HPnc4160 deficiency display increased colonization ability of the mouse stomach, in comparison with the wild-type strain. Furthermore, HPnc4160 expression is lower in clinical isolates from gastric cancer patients than in isolates derived from non-cancer patients, while the expression of HPnc4160’s targets is higher in the isolates from gastric cancer patients. Therefore, the small RNA HPnc4160 regulates H. pylori adaptation to the host environment and, potentially, gastric carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Improved survival by Helicobacter pylori-modulated immunity in gastric cancer patients with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Koizumi ◽  
Sheny Ahmad ◽  
Miyuki Ikeda ◽  
Akiko Yashima-Abo ◽  
Ginny Espina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Background: Paradoxically, Helicobacter pylori-positive (HP+) advanced gastric cancer patients have a better prognosis than those who are HP-negative (HP-). Immunologic and statistical analyses can be used to verify whether systematic mechanisms modulated by HP are involved in this more favorable outcome. Methods: A total of 658 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled. HP infection, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and CD4/CD8 proteins, and microsatellite instability were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) rates were analyzed after stratifying clinicopathological factors. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Results: Among 491 cases that were analyzed, 175 (36%) and 316 (64%) cases were HP+ and HP⁻, respectively. Analysis of RFS indicated an interaction of HP status among the subgroups for S-1 Dose (P=0.0487) and PD-L1 (P=0.016). HP+ patients in the PD-L1- group had significantly higher five-year OS and RFS than HP- patients (81% vs. 68%; P=0.0011; HR 0.477; and 76% vs. 63%; P=0.0011; HR 0.508, respectively). The five-year OS and RFS was also significantly higher for HP⁺ compared to HP- patients in the PD-L1-/S-1-reduced group (86% vs. 46%; p=0.0014; HR 0.205; 83% vs. 34%; p=0.001; HR 0.190, respectively). Thus, HP status was identified as one of the most potentially important independent factors to predict prolonged survival. Conclusion: Modulation of host immune system function by HP may contribute to prolonged survival in the absence of immune escape mechanisms of gastric cancer.

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