scholarly journals Ultrastructure of the Antennae and Sensilla of Nyssomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae), Vector of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1722-1734
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Ana Beatriz F Barletta ◽  
Alessandra S Orfanó ◽  
Luciana C Pinto ◽  
Rafael Nacif-Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Olfactory Sensilla ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Single Sensillum ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Abstract The antennal sensilla and the antenna of females Nyssomyia intermedia, one of the main vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The main goal was to characterize the quantity, typology, and topography of the sensilla with particular attention to the olfactory types. The insects were captured in the city of Corte de Pedra, State of Bahia, Brazil, by CDC-type light traps and raised in a laboratory as a new colony. Fourteen well-differentiated sensilla were identified, among six cuticular types: trichoidea, campaniformia, squamiformia, basiconica, chaetica, and coeloconica. Of these, six sensilla were classified as olfactory sensilla due to their specific morphological features. Smaller noninnervated pilosities of microtrichiae type were also evidenced by covering all antennal segments. The antennal segments differ in shapes and sizes, and the amount and distribution of types and subtypes of sensilla. This study may foment future taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis for a better evolutionary understanding of the sand flies. Besides, it may assist the targeting of future electrophysiological studies by Single Sensillum Recording, and aim to develop alternative measures of monitoring and control of this vector.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of the Antennal Sensilla of the Afrotropical Sand Fly, Phlebotomus duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Bahia ◽  
Ana Beatriz F Barletta ◽  
Luciana Conceição Pinto ◽  
Alessandra S Orfanó ◽  
Rafael Nacif-Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Olfactory Sensilla ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Phlebotomus Duboscqi ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Function Number

Abstract We investigated by scanning electron microscopy the morphology, distribution, and abundance of antennal sensilla of females Phlebotomus duboscqi sand fly, an important vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis at Afrotropical region. Thirteen well-differentiated sensilla were identified, among six types of cuticular sensilla. The probable function of these sensillary types is discussed in relation to their external structure and distribution. Five sensillary types were classified as olfactory sensilla, as they have specific morphological characters of sensilla with this function. Number and distribution of sensilla significantly differed between antennal segments. The results of the present work, besides corroborating in the expansion of the morphological and ultrastructural knowledge of P. duboscqi, can foment future electrophysiological studies for the development of volatile semiochemicals, to be used as attractants in traps for monitoring and selective vector control of this sand fly.

scholarly journals A critical review of the behavioural, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies of co-activation of representations during word production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazbanou Nozari ◽  
Svetlana Pinet
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Spreading Activation ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Co Activation ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
And Control

A large body of behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies have investigated the consequences of co-activation of representations during word production. Despite such an amazing body of empirical data, it remains unclear how the production system handles co-activated items. In this paper, we review this evidence in a systematic way, and point out three common problems in the interpretations attached to these data. We then discuss alternative approaches which might be more fruitful in understanding the links between such data and the processes of spreading activation, selection, monitoring and control in language production.

scholarly journals Typology and distribution of antennal sensory organs of adults Haematobia irritans of the Midwest Region of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Paulo Filemon Paolucci Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: Considering the great economic and sanitarian importance of Haematobia irritans − the development of resistance of this species to the main chemical insecticides used in its control, in several other localities of the world; as well as that different strains of the same species frequently present different types and distribution patterns −, the present aim study was to investigate the typology and distribution of different types of sensillae of H. irritans adults, from populations of this fly present in Brazilian Midwest, with emphasis on olfactory sensillae. This study provides new data on the typology and sensillary distribution of antennal sensilla of this fly. In the antennal segments were found non-innervated spinules and ten subtypes of sensilla: long bristles sensillum, long basiconic sensillum, blunt coeloconic sensillum, clavate coeloconic sensilla − single-tip and double-tip subtypes −, grooved coeloconic sensillum, long grooved coeloconic sensillum, trichoid sensillum, coeloconic sensillum, and smaller basiconic sensillum. A slight sexual dimorphism was observed in the antennal sensillae of H. irritans. These results provide a morphological basis for future investigations on olfactory-mediated behavior of this species, and could assist future studies for the development of alternative measures to the monitoring and control of this fly populations, with less environmental impact.

scholarly journals Presence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis vectors surrounding the city of Medellín, Colombia

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A Agudelo ◽  
Jaime Uribe ◽  
Diana Sierra ◽  
Fredy Ruíz ◽  
Iván D Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Integrated Tools for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control: Intervention in an Endemic Area in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Gouveia ◽  
Rosely Magalhães de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Zwetsch ◽  
Daniel Motta-Silva ◽  
Bruno Moreira Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
And Control

American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a focal disease whose surveillance and control require complex actions. The present study aimed to apply integrated tools related to entomological surveillance, environmental management, and health education practices in an ACL-endemic area in Rio de Janeiro city, RJ, Brazil. The distribution of the disease, the particular characteristics of the localities, and entomological data were used as additional information about ACL determinants. Environmental management actions were evaluated after health education practices. The frequency of ACL vectorsLutzomyia (N.) intermediaandL. migoneiinside and outside houses varied according to environment characteristics, probably influenced by the way of life of the popular groups. In this kind of situation environmental management and community mobilization become essential, as they help both specialists and residents create strategies that can interfere in the dynamics of vector’s population and the contact between man and vectors.

scholarly journals An outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) in a periurban area of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil: clinical and epidemiological studies

1988 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel P. Oliveira-Neto ◽  
Claude Pirmez ◽  
Elizabeth Rangel ◽  
Armando Schubach ◽  
Gabriel Grimaldi Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
The City

From July 1984 to September 1986, 105 cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied in a locality closely situated to an urbanized area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Settement in this area was established at least 20 years ago but the first cases were noted six months prior to the beginning of this study. Cases were almost exlusively cutaneous and ulcerated, with one to six months of evolution. Montenegro's skin tests were positive in all cases and anti-Leishmania antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test in 74.3% of the patients. Parasites were demonstrated in 69.5% of cases. Domestic animals were easily found infected; 32% of the examined dogs and 30.8% of the examined equines were positive to the presence of Leishmania in cutaneous ulcerated lesions. Parasite isolates from human, dog andequines were immunologically characterized and identified as L. b. braziliensis. 73,0% of the sandfly population were Lutzomyia intermedia mainly caught on human baits and on domestic animals. Our observations suggest that this is an area of recent established L. b. braziliensis infection and that transmission probably occurs indoors or outdoors close to the houses.

Successful Dewatering Experience at Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bennett K. Horenstein ◽  
Gerald L. Hernandez ◽  
Gary Rasberry ◽  
John Crosse
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

The City of Los Angeles has developed a diversified sludge management program since cessation of the ocean disposal of sludge in November 1987. At the heart of this program is the centrifugal dewatering of digested sludge at the Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant. The experience gained from the dewatering process includes: centrifuge startup problem solving, optimization of the dewatering process, polymer testing, struvite monitoring and control, and waste activated sludge dewatering parameter development.

scholarly journals Monitoring and Control the Supply of Fuel in Baghdad using RFID

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Mohannad Hasan ◽  
Fawzi Al-Naima
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
System Database ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
And Control ◽  
Online Statistics ◽  
The City ◽  
Conventional Fuel

Nowadays, there are no accurate records of the various quantities of fuel being dispensed at the Iraqi fuel stations. All such reports are usually paper-based and are missing the required precision to control this valuable commodity, which could lead to misuse or illegal sale of fuel. This paper presents a control system based on RFID technology to monitor the supply and dispensing of vehicle fuel in Baghdad. The system consists of RFID readers attached to fuel dispensers and pumps, and RFID tags assigned to the vehicles and the trucks used for delivering fuel to the fuel stations. A hardware part is connected to conventional fuel dispensers and machines, located at both the stations and the fuel refineries or depots, which makes them work under the control of the RFID system, without the need to rebuild new dispensers. The designed system database is a centralized one located on a cloud server, in order to allow fuel stations to communicate with it and do the required transactions. Throughout this system, different reports can be generated, which can give important online statistics about the movement of fuel supplies over the city.

Computers for data, control and simulation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 920-921
Author(s):  
David C. Joy
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computers ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Data Control ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Control

Personal computers (PCs) are a powerful resource in the EM Laboratory, both as a means of automating the monitoring and control of microscopes, and as a tool for quantifying the interpretation of data. Not only is a PC more versatile than a piece of dedicated data logging equipment, but it is also substantially cheaper. In this tutorial the practical principles of using a PC for these types of activities will be discussed.The PC can form the basis of a system to measure, display, record and store the many parameters which characterize the operational conditions of the EM. In this mode it is operating as a data logger. The necessary first step is to find a suitable source from which to measure each of the items of interest. It is usually possible to do this without having to make permanent corrections or modifications to the EM.

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