A Behavioral Model of Public Organizations: Bounded Rationality, Performance Feedback, and Negativity Bias

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sounman Hong
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Negativity Bias

From One Empirical Study to 150

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-105
Author(s):  
Henrich R. Greve
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Aspiration Level ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Organizational Search ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
Research Stream ◽  
New Research

Performance feedback research examines how performance relative to the aspiration level on one or more organizational goals influences organizational search and change. It views the organization as solving problems presented by performance shortfalls, consistent with bounded rationality. This chapter examines the start of my research on performance feedback, the growth of this research stream, and how I and other participants in this research stream have sought to stimulate its growth and direct it toward interesting new research questions. In a series of notes on the steps this research stream has taken to advance our knowledge, I outline more general ideas on how research streams can become influential through recruitment of participants and setting of research agendas.

scholarly journals Economic Decisions and Simon’s Notion of Bounded Rationality

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Schilirò
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Herbert Simon ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Procedural Rationality ◽  
Neoclassical Theory ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Satisficing Behavior

Decision making in economics has been always intertwined with the concept of rationality. However, neoclassical economic literature has been dominated by a specific notion of rationality, namely, perfect rationality, characterized by the assumption of consistency and by the maximization hypothesis. Herbert Simon, in his long research activity, questioned this concept of perfect or global rationality, suggesting a different vision, based on empirical evidence and regarding an individual’s choices. He challenged the neoclassical theory of global rationality, suggesting his notion of bounded rationality, a satisficing (instead of optimizing) behavior, and the relevance of procedural rationality to understand the process of thought of decision makers.Thus, this paper focuses on Simon’s notion of bounded rationality, since bounded rationality remains the hallmark of his theoretical contribution. First, the paper examines the economic decision process in the neoclassical theory and Simon’s notion of bounded rationality. Then, it analyzes in depth Simon’s behavioral model of rational choice, underlining the relevance of satisficing behavior and procedural rationality. Finally, it suggests an assessment of the concept of bounded rationality.

scholarly journals Problems of formation of environmental consciousness: Educational aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
Alla В. Komissar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Environmental Consciousness ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Educational Aspect

The formation of mass environmental awareness among the younger generation is one of the most pressing problems of environmental education that also needs support from state and public organizations, designed to ensure the continuity, accessibility and methodological content of its implementation in educational institutions of all levels. The article provides a brief overview of the historical and political preconditions for the established attitude to the environment in our country, and specifies the features of the manifestation of intrasystemic connections “nature-human-society”. In the course of the study the author tried to identify the most significant objectives of continuing environmental education in the face of the problem formation of Russian environmental consciousness. There were also drawn conclusions about the advisability of introducing a nature-oriented behavioral model and a functional philosophical paradigm into the educational and upbringing processes – both in order to achieve popularization of ecocentric and noospheric types of thinking. The enlightenment activation, development of empathy in all age groups of students (the whole population in the nearest future) and preservation of the environmental education continuum, regardless of the socio-political and economic situation are presented as the only possible options for a society wishing to embark on the path of preventing local and global ecological disasters.

scholarly journals Internal Management and Perceived Managerial Trustworthiness: Evidence From a Survey Experiment

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mogens Jin Pedersen ◽  
Justin M. Stritch
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Credible Commitment ◽  
Credible Commitments ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Public Manager ◽  
And Performance

What is the effect of internal public management on individuals’ perceptions of managerial trustworthiness (MTW)? MTW is associated with a range of positive organizational outcomes, but research examining how a public manager might affect employees’ perception of MTW is sparse. This article complements extant research on MTW in public organizations with causal evidence from a randomized survey experiment among 1,829 U.S. residents. We examine how five aspects of internal public management affect individuals’ perception of MTW: (a) setting challenging but feasible goals, (b) making credible commitments, (c) encouraging employee participation, (d) providing frequent performance feedback, and (e) rewarding employees who perform well. We find positive effects of the “credible commitment” and “performance feedback” treatments on overall MTW perception. In addition, we find significant effects for four of the treatments (a-d) when looking separately at the three sub-dimensions that together comprise the multidimensional MTW construct (ability, benevolence, and integrity).

Feel Thine Own Self – Mood Congruency Evaluation of Emotional State Adjectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Jan Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Mood Induction ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Negativity Bias ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Semantic Access ◽  
Current Mood ◽  
Component Time

Abstract. The goal of the study was to explore event-related potential (ERP) differences during the processing of emotional adjectives that were evaluated as congruent or incongruent with the current mood. We hypothesized that the first effects of congruence evaluation would be evidenced during the earliest stages of semantic analysis. Sixty mood adjectives were presented separately for 1,000 ms each during two sessions of mood induction. After each presentation, participants evaluated to what extent the word described their mood. The results pointed to incongruence marking of adjective’s meaning with current mood during early attention orientation and semantic access stages (the P150 component time window). This was followed by enhanced processing of congruent words at later stages. As a secondary goal the study also explored word valence effects and their relation to congruence evaluation. In this regard, no significant effects were observed on the ERPs; however, a negativity bias (enhanced responses to negative adjectives) was noted on the behavioral data (RTs), which could correspond to the small differences traced on the late positive potential.

I Like Myself, I Really Do (at Least Right Now)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almut Rudolph ◽  
Michela Schröder-Abé ◽  
Astrid Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract. In five studies, we evaluated the psychometric properties of a revised German version of the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES; Heatherton & Polivy, 1991 ). In Study 1, the results of a confirmatory factor analysis on the original scale revealed poor model fit and poor construct validity in a student sample that resembled those in the literature; thus, a revised 15-item version was developed (i.e., the SSES-R) and thoroughly validated. Study 2 showed a valid three-factor structure (Performance, Social, and Appearance) and good internal consistency of the SSES-R. Correlations between subscales of trait and state SE empirically supported the scale’s construct validity. Temporal stability and intrapersonal sensitivity of the scale to naturally occurring events were investigated in Study 3. Intrapersonal sensitivity of the scale to experimentally induced changes in state SE was uncovered in Study 4 via social feedback (acceptance vs. rejection) and performance feedback (positive vs. negative). In Study 5, the scale’s interpersonal sensitivity was confirmed by comparing depressed and healthy individuals. Finally, the usefulness of the SSES-R was demonstrated by assessing SE instability as calculated from repeated measures of state SE.

The Influence of Cognitive and Affective Reactions to Feedback on Subsequent Goals

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Ilies ◽  
Timothy A. Judge ◽  
David T. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Business School ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dispositional Measure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reactions To Feedback

This paper focuses on explaining how individuals set goals on multiple performance episodes, in the context of performance feedback comparing their performance on each episode with their respective goal. The proposed model was tested through a longitudinal study of 493 university students’ actual goals and performance on business school exams. Results of a structural equation model supported the proposed conceptual model in which self-efficacy and emotional reactions to feedback mediate the relationship between feedback and subsequent goals. In addition, as expected, participants’ standing on a dispositional measure of behavioral inhibition influenced the strength of their emotional reactions to negative feedback.

(Un)Bounded Rationality

1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-265
Author(s):  
Donald E. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality
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