scholarly journals Children's Memory for Painful Procedures: The Relationship of Pain Intensity, Anxiety, and Adult Behaviors to Subsequent Recall

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Noel ◽  
C. M. McMurtry ◽  
C. T. Chambers ◽  
P. J. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Subsequent Recall ◽  
Children's Memory ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Investigation of the Correlation between Postherpetic Itch and Neuropathic Pain over Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Ishikawa ◽  
Masako Iseki ◽  
Rie Koga ◽  
Eiichi Inada
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Paindetect Questionnaire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Postherpetic itch (PHI), or herpes zoster itch, is an intractable and poorly understood disease. We targeted 94 herpes zoster patients to investigate their pain and itch intensities at three separate stages of the condition (acute, subacute, and chronic). We used painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ) scores to investigate the correlation between PHI and neuropathic pain. Seventy-six patients were able to complete follow-up surveys. The prevalence of PHI was 47/76 (62%), 28/76 (37%), and 34/76 (45%) at the acute, subacute, and chronic stages, respectively. PHI manifestation times and patterns varied. We investigated the relationship of PHI with neuropathic pain using the visual analog scale (VAS), which is a measure of pain intensity, and the PDQ, which is a questionnaire used to evaluate the elements of neuropathic pain. The VAS and PDQ scores did not differ significantly between PHI-positive and PHI-negative patients. A large neuropathic component was not found for herpes zoster itch, suggesting that neuropathic pain treatments may not able to adequately control the itch. Accordingly, we suggest that a more PHI-focused therapy is required to address this condition.

scholarly journals What Is the Relationship of Fear Avoidance to Physical Function and Pain Intensity in Injured Athletes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 476 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan F. Fischerauer ◽  
Mojtaba Talaei-Khoei ◽  
Rens Bexkens ◽  
David C. Ring ◽  
Luke S. Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Fear Avoidance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Injured Athletes

scholarly journals The structure, nature and intensity of painin various forms of external genital endometriosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana O Efimenko
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Nociceptive Pain ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Pain ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Analogue Scale Pain ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The study of the relationship of severity of endometriosis, localization and intensity of pelvic pain is a significant scientific interest. Aim of the study was to determine the structure of pain in women with external genital endometriosis (EGE) varying forms of distribution. Materials and methods. 124 patients were examined. Degree exam proliferation was assessed by endoscopy. Recovered: superficial endometriosis; endometrioid ovarian cysts; infiltrative forms of endometriosis; combined forms of endometriosis. Pain intensity was determined in accordance with a 10-point visual-analogue scale. Pain Detect scale was used to determine the nature of the pain. Statistical analysis of the material was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2013 (Microsoft Corp., USA) applications and Stastistica 10.0 for Windows. Results. Light degree of pain intensity in patients with superficial forms EGE (92.11 %, 35 cases) is 21 times higher than that in patients with infiltrative forms (4.35 %, 1 case). Severe degree of pain intensity and with the same frequency is found at infiltrative (56.52 %, 13 cases), combined forms of endometriosis (57.14 %, 8 cases) and in patients with bilateral endometrioid cysts (47.37 %, 9 cases). Nociceptive pain is typical for patients with superficial forms EGE (73.68 %, 28 cases). Neuropathic pain occurs 4.5 times more frequently in patients with infiltrative (86.96 %, 20 cases) and combined forms of endometriosis (92.86 %, 13 cases). Conclusions. Light degree of pain intensity corresponds to the surface form of endometriosis, moderate and severe degree of pain equally common in infiltrative forms and endometrioid ovarian cysts, severe degree of intensity of the most common in infiltrative endometriosis and associated forms. By the nature of pain in superficial forms of endometriosis is dominated by complaints typical for nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain is more common in infiltrative endometriosis and associated forms.

scholarly journals The relationship of the brainstem ischemia and chronicity of lumboischialgia

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
D. G. Smolko ◽  
K. T. Aliev ◽  
E. V. Bondarenko ◽  
D. A. Lobatsevich ◽  
O. T. Makarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Intervertebral Disks ◽  
Prolonged Pain ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Herniated Discs

We analyzed 60 patients aged from 30 up to 75 years with any of low-lumbar herniated intervertebral disks. Pain intensity was compared with the concomitant presence of chronic circulatory failure in the vertebral-basilar basin as a result of clinically significant abnormalities of blood vessels in the form of hypoplasia of vertebral artery and its tortuosity. We investigated dynamics of patient's pain under the influence of low-dose treatment by Cortexin (neurocytoprotector). In patients with chronic brainstem ischemia the herniated discs cause more intense and prolonged pain (radicular and local). More effective in these patients is a treatment with inclusion of Cortexin 20 mg intramuscularly within 10 days.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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