Key Nutrients for Normal Brain Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashna K. Staid
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Balanced Approach ◽  
B Complex Vitamins

Over the past several decades, there has been a sharp increase in psychiatric diseases but relatively little attention to improving poor nutritional patterns that affect mental health conditions. Long-term nutrient deprivation results in neuroinflammation, which contributes to causing mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia. A growing body of research substantiates the benefits of supplementing many essential nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, the B complex vitamins, vitamin E, and the minerals magnesium, iron, zinc, choline, calcium, and selenium to help prevent and treat many mental illnesses. These nutrients are often limited in the standard Western diet. Importantly, it is not just one single nutrient that is important to optimizing brain health but all the nutrients working in concert in a healthy, well-balanced approach that helps to optimize brain function and prevent disease. This chapter reviews the various nutrients involved in maintaining optimal brain health.

Autophagy and proteostasis adjustment role in normal brain function and neurodegenerative disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Normal Brain Function ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Synaptic Changes ◽  
The Stability

Higher cognitive brain functions are based on neural network complexity and diversity of neuronal identities. Understanding how the brain works is still a major scientific topic, not only because it consists of tens of billions of neuronal and glial cells, but also because the flexibility of the nervous system involves altering synaptic linkages and their abundance. Individual synapses include an average composition of around 1,000–3,000 different proteins, with 100,000 protein units in total. This complexity is further amplified molecularly.De novo protein synthesis is recognized to be crucial for the stability of synaptic changes in converting short-term memories to long-term memories. Neurons have a distinct compartmentalization degree and can maintain and adjust their proteomas without relying on the cell body. Dendrites make up more than 75% of the total space of a neuron and can produce hundreds of synapses, requiring transport of membrane-bound cargo and organelles via intricate dendritic arborization and long axons.Neurons are exposed to a number of stressful situations that may compromise proteostasis during their lengthy lifespan. The accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates in the form of soluble oligomers, fibrils and large protein inclusions defines most neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing the significance of preserving the integrity of the proteome for health. As a result, the ability of synapses to keep their unique features for long periods of time or to change their composition in response to physiological indications poses a tight, ongoing challenge to the proteostasis network. This article explores the basic mechanisms that govern proteostasis adjustment and their involvement in normal brain function and neurodegenerative diseases. These discoveries are also assessed as to their implications for the future development of therapeutic strategies to alleviate disease conditions and extend brain health.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids in relation to long-term dementia risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E Devore ◽  
Francine Grodstein ◽  
Frank JA van Rooij ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dementia Risk

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores

JAMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 326 (23) ◽  
pp. 2385
Author(s):  
Olivia I. Okereke ◽  
Chirag M. Vyas ◽  
David Mischoulon ◽  
Grace Chang ◽  
Nancy R. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

Home cage behavior of rhesus monkeys with long-term deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids

1994 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Reisbick ◽  
M. Neuringer ◽  
R. Hasnain ◽  
W.E. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

Personalized medicine in lipid-modifying therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-203
Author(s):  
Brian Tomlinson ◽  
Chen-Hsiu Lin ◽  
Paul Chan ◽  
Christopher WK Lam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
First Line ◽  
Absolute Level ◽  
Interfering Rna

The choice of lipid-modifying treatment is largely based on the absolute level of cardiovascular risk and baseline lipid profile. Statins are the first-line treatment for most patients requiring reduction of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors can be added to reach LDL-C targets. Statins have some adverse effects that are somewhat predictable based on phenotypic and genetic factors. Fibrates or omega-3 fatty acids can be added if triglyceride levels remain elevated. The RNA-targeted therapeutics in development offer the possibility of selective liver targeting for specific lipoproteins such as lipoprotein(a) and long-term reduction of LDL-C with infrequent administration of a small-interfering RNA may help to overcome the problem of adherence to therapy.

Omega-3 fatty acids, energy substrates, and brain function during aging

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Freemantle ◽  
Milène Vandal ◽  
Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay ◽  
Jean-Christophe Blachère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Energy Substrates
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