Sleep and Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Tubbs ◽  
Michael A. Grandner
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Drowsy Driving ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Common Problems

Sleep is a core component of human physiology, supporting physical, mental, and emotional health. Unfortunately, insufficient sleep and insomnia are increasingly common problems both in the United States and around the world. Poor sleep is strongly associated with diabetes, obesity, and other cardiometabolic diseases. Pro-inflammatory states associated with disrupted sleep schedules and insufficient sleep are hypothesized as risk factors for cancer. Sleep disturbance impairs cognition and memory, increasing the likelihood of accidents and drowsy driving. Poor sleep is a common and exacerbating feature of many mental illnesses and may impair treatment response. Finally, the burden of insufficient sleep is calculated both in financial costs and increased mortality. Given this evidence, clinicians should recognize and treat disturbed sleep to decrease the risk of disease and improve overall quality of life.

scholarly journals 694 Insufficient sleep linked with higher COVID-19 infection cases and deaths in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A271-A271
Author(s):  
Azizi Seixas ◽  
Nicholas Pantaleo ◽  
Samrachana Adhikari ◽  
Michael Grandner ◽  
Giardin Jean-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
County Level ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Rural Counties ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Causes of COVID-19 burden in urban, suburban, and rural counties are unclear, as early studies provide mixed results implicating high prevalence of pre-existing health risks and chronic diseases. However, poor sleep health that has been linked to infection-based pandemics may provide additional insight for place-based burden. To address this gap, we investigated the relationship between habitual insufficient sleep (sleep <7 hrs./24 hr. period) and COVID-19 cases and deaths across urban, suburban, and rural counties in the US. Methods County-level variables were obtained from the 2014–2018 American community survey five-year estimates and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. These included percent with insufficient sleep, percent uninsured, percent obese, and social vulnerability index. County level COVID-19 infection and death data through September 12, 2020 were obtained from USA Facts. Cumulative COVID-19 infections and deaths for urban (n=68), suburban (n=740), and rural (n=2331) counties were modeled using separate negative binomial mixed effects regression models with logarithmic link and random state-level intercepts. Zero-inflated models were considered for deaths among suburban and rural counties to account for excess zeros. Results Multivariate regression models indicated positive associations between cumulative COVID-19 infection rates and insufficient sleep in urban, suburban and rural counties. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for urban counties was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01 – 1.05), 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02 – 1.05) for suburban, and 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00 – 1.03) rural counties.. Similar positive associations were observed with county-level COVID-19 death rates, IRR = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07 – 1.16) for urban counties, IRR = 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01 – 1.06) for suburban counties, and IRR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01 – 1.05) for rural counties. Level of urbanicity moderated the association between insufficient sleep and COVID deaths, but not for the association between insufficient sleep and COVID infection rates. Conclusion Insufficient sleep was associated with COVID-19 infection cases and mortality rates in urban, suburban and rural counties. Level of urbanicity only moderated the relationship between insufficient sleep and COVID death rates. Future studies should investigate individual-level analysis to understand the role of sleep mitigating COVID-19 infection and death rates. Support (if any) NIH (K07AG052685, R01MD007716, R01HL142066, K01HL135452, R01HL152453

Sleep in chronic renal insufficiency

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgos K. Sakkas ◽  
Christoforos D. Giannaki
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Nocturnal Hemodialysis

Chronic kidney disease is a significant and growing medical and public health problem, responsible for a substantial burden of illness and premature mortality. Renal disease has a dramatic impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL), with sleep disorders contributing significantly and 80% of the renal population reporting symptoms of disturbed sleep, including insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue. Many patients with sleep disorders remain underdiagnosed, since many of the signs and symptoms related to poor sleep are thought to be an unavoidable consequence of renal failure or inadequate dialysis. Effective management of sleep disorders could improve patients’ QoL and mortality. A growing body of evidence suggests significant advantages of nocturnal hemodialysis for control of uremia and therefore for improving sleep quality and daytime sleepiness.

The Fontan outcomes network: first steps towards building a lifespan registry for individuals with Fontan circulation in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Alsaied ◽  
Kiona Y. Allen ◽  
Jeffrey B. Anderson ◽  
Julia S. Anixt ◽  
David W. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fontan Circulation ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Outcomes For Children

AbstractThe Fontan Outcomes Network was created to improve outcomes for children and adults with single ventricle CHD living with Fontan circulation. The network mission is to optimise longevity and quality of life by improving physical health, neurodevelopmental outcomes, resilience, and emotional health for these individuals and their families. This manuscript describes the systematic design of this new learning health network, including the initial steps in development of a national, lifespan registry, and pilot testing of data collection forms at 10 congenital heart centres.

scholarly journals College Students’ Sleep Habits and Their Perceptions Regarding Its Effects on Quality of Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Herrmann ◽  
Anthena K. Palmer ◽  
Morgan F. Sechrist ◽  
Sam Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
College Students ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Spring Semester

Objective: Poor sleep in college students can attribute to poor academic performance. Poor sleep is detrimental to health; however, adequate sleep is not often seen as a priority. The objective of the study was to better understand college students’ sleep habits and determine their perceptions regarding the effects of these sleep habits on quality of life.Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional approach with a descriptive design was appropriate for this study. Participants were 122 students, in a Christian college with a population of about 2000 in the mid-western region of the United States. The survey instrument was developed with 6 demographic items and 19 statements using a 4-point Likert-type scale. Data collection occurred in the hallway of the library on two days in the spring semester of 2016.Results: Regarding sleep habits, the average college student keeps their sleep and study spaces separate, they wake up at a regular time every day, they do use technology, such as a cell phone, TV/radio, computer, or iPad before going to sleep, and they have a sleep environment that is quiet and calming. A significant finding was that students did not think extracurricular activities (anything outside of class) negatively affected their sleep. Conclusions: A large percentage of students use technology before bed, which places them at a higher risk for negative quality of life. Students admit to experiencing irregularity in their sleep patterns (M=3.59, on a 4-point scale); however, most participants did not agree that caffeine consumption (M=2.15), extracurricular activities (M=2.25), or daytime naps (M=2.16) contributed to sleep problems.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life for adults living with hepatitis B in the United States: a qualitative assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Freeland ◽  
Rhea Racho ◽  
Maureen Kamischke ◽  
Kate Moraras ◽  
Evangeline Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Background In 2019, an estimated 296 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) globally with approximately 2.4 million living within the United States. Those living with HBV require years if not decades of regular monitoring to prevent liver complications from occurring. The aim of this study was to explore the working conceptual framework of health related quality of life (HRQL) for those living with chronic HBV through qualitative analysis. Methods Data were collected by in-depth telephone interviews conducted in 2019 using purposeful sampling as part of a disease understanding assessment on the HBV patient experience within the United States. A directed content analysis approach was utilized by creation of a codebook to guide the organization of data, codes were developed by review of the literature (a priori) and through line-by-line reading of a subsample of queries. All transcripts were analyzed by at least two members of the study team and intercoder reliability was assessed using Dedoose software. Findings A sample of 19 individuals living with chronic HBV were included within this study. Themes identified from transcripts noted the significant overlap between the reported experience of HBV and constructs within the HRQL model. The psychological impact of chronic HBV on study participants’ HRQL overall was considerable and contributed to depression, anxiety, homelessness, drug use, and incarceration. Conclusion Our analysis supports the hypothesis that HBV impacts HRQL and often negatively affects emotional health. Our findings suggest that it would be beneficial to include HRQL assessment in the medical management of HBV, so that interventions can focus on reducing the burden of disease and improving quality of life for those living with HBV.

A Survey of Community Pharmacists and Final-Year Student Pharmacists and their Perception of Psychotherapeutic Agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. McKee ◽  
Margareth Larose-Pierre ◽  
Leonard R. Rappa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Student Participant ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: The World Health Organization has estimated that as many as 450 million people worldwide have mental disorders. More than 44 million people in the United States have a mental disorder annually, estimating the annual direct costs of mental illness to exceed US$69 billion. Psychotherapeutic agents are used to treat mental illnesses and improve quality of life. The purpose of the study is to assess the knowledge and knowledge perception of community pharmacists and final-year student pharmacists regarding psychotherapeutic agents dispensed to their community of patients with mental illness. Methods: A survey was distributed to pharmacists and final-year student pharmacists regarding psychotherapeutic agents. Results: In all, 100 pharmacists and 40 final-year student pharmacists completed the survey. Upon analysis of surveys returned by pharmacists, knowledge deficiency was assessed regarding anxiolytics and mood stabilizers. The analysis of student participant surveys demonstrated knowledge deficiency regarding antidepressants and anxiolytics. Conclusions: Final-year student pharmacists would benefit from the curricular incorporation of courses and advanced pharmacy practice experiences in Psychiatry. Community pharmacists caring for customers with psychiatric disorders should take advantage of continuing education series that highlight updates and new developments regarding psychotherapeutic agents in order to improve clinical outcomes of patients.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kecemasan, Depresi Dan Stres Dengan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Selama Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Nida Faradisa Fauziyah ◽  
Khatifah Nur Aretha
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Observational Study Design ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Sustainable Health ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a sustainable health problem in 200 countries around the world. Public health emergency condition during pandemics such as SARS, MERS and Ebola are associated with increased psychological distress in the affected population. Negative impacts such as anxiety, depression and stress on students may become a burden on the mental and emotional health of students which in turn will affect the quality of student sleep. The author was interested in knowing about the relationship between anxiety, depression and stress with the quality of sleep of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used an analytic observational study design with a cross sectional approach. This study was conducted in December with 81 students as respondents. This study used the DASS-42 questionnaire to measure anxiety, depression, stress and the PSQI to measure sleep quality. The results showed that 32.1%, 27.2%, 42% and 48.1% of students experienced anxiety, depression, stress and poor sleep quality. Statistical data measurement was done by using logistic regression, the results obtained p value = 0.030 (OR 3.967, 95% CI [1.143-13.722]), p = 0.004 (OR 11.456, 95% CI [2,217-59,196]), p = 0.043 (OR 0.314, 95 % CI [0.102-0.962]). From this study it can be concluded that anxiety, depression and stress had correlation with the sleep quality of students at the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals EXPLORING PHARMACY STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF EATING DISORDERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON MENTAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
AQSA MAHMOOD ◽  
PATRICK BALL ◽  
HANA MORRISSEY
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Life Threatening

Objective: Eating disorders are a group of mental illnesses that are long-term and potentially life-threatening, affecting individuals’ physical and emotional health and wellbeing. They commonly exist alongside other mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety and are associated with a significant reduction in an individual's quality of life and life expectancy. They are poorly understood, and cases may be undiagnosed and thus untreated. This can result in damage to multiple organs, including the brain, heart, and kidneys. Methods: This was an online questionnaire-based study, which consisted of 21 open and closed-ended questions. Participants were from years 1 to 4 of the MPharm course at the University of Wolverhampton. Results: Fourty two completed surveys were returned. The results of the study revealed that pharmacy students lacked knowledge of eating disorders, which was also illustrated in previously conducted studies amongst other healthcare professions students. Therefore, it is evident that the current education about eating disorders is insufficient in many undergraduate healthcare courses and there is room for improvement. Conclusion: Improving future pharmacist’s knowledge about eating disorders would assist better and earlier identification of patients with such conditions, allowing timely support.

scholarly journals Tingkat Kecemasan Berhubungan dengan Kualitas Tidur Ibu Hamil Trimester III

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Eline Charla Sabatina Bingan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
The Third

Pregnancy is a biological and psychological condition which certainly requires adaptation for women who are experiencing it. In the United States there are 40 million people experiencing anxiety disorders before childbirth. Third trimester pregnant women often feel afraid and anxious about the child who will be born later, so that pregnant women experience sleep quality disturbances. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety level and sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women at Ketapang Health Center. This type of quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The population was 130 respondents in the third trimester of pregnant women at the Ketapang Health Center. The number of samples was 45 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Sleep quality variables used the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire and the anxiety level variables used the HARS (Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety) questionnaire with data analysis tests using the Spearman Rho correlation test with a 95% confidence level. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that respondents who experienced mild anxiety with good sleep quality were 3 people (60%) and respondents who experienced severe anxiety with poor sleep quality were 15 people (83.3%). The correlation test between Anxiety Level and Sleep Quality for Third Trimester Pregnant Women obtained p value = 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality for third trimester pregnant women at the Ketapang Health Center. Future research is expected to use other factors that can affect the quality of sleep of pregnant women, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy.

QIM19-141: SOAR (Survivors Overcoming and Achieving Resilience)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3.5) ◽  
pp. QIM19-141
Author(s):  
Bianshly Rivera Rivero ◽  
Sonya Pflanzer ◽  
Diane Riccardi ◽  
Smitha R. Pabbathi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
The Impact

Background: There are 4 components of survivorship care: prevention, surveillance, interventions, and coordination between oncology and primary care/specialists. As part of the initial visit in Moffitt’s survivorship program, we provide a comprehensive and personalized care plan to our patients with a focus on wellness. We understand the transition from active treatment into the extended phase of survivorship can be fraught with many unexpected physical, emotional, psychological, and social challenges, yet this could also be a critical period where survivors are uniquely positioned to adopt healthy and resilient behaviors. We want to help patients be empowered through knowledge from interactive and multidisciplinary classes and we aim at improving their quality of life. Methods: We created an 8-week curriculum customized and designed for breast cancer survivors by experts in nutrition, social work, physical therapy, yoga, arts in medicine, and survivorship medicine with utilization technique–driven live food demonstrations. The core message of the series is further echoed and instilled by use of weekly journaling and guidance on how to practice the techniques following each class. Results: We completed one 8-week course. 15 patients were enrolled in the program; of these 9–12 participants consistently presented to the sessions. Sessions consisted in education regarding nutrition, emotional health, exercise, mindfulness, and medical management after completing cancer treatment. To further determine the impact of sessions, we are measuring change in health-related quality of life through the RAND-36 questionnaire with a precourse survey and a postcourse survey. As we continue our sessions and our patient population increases, we expect to have substantial data to report on the impact of this curriculum. Conclusions: It is estimated that there are more than 3.1 million women in the United States with history of breast cancer. Development of a multidisciplinary program focused in comprehensive care for breast cancer survivors may improve quality of life. These techniques can positively impact the transition from active treatment and position survivors to be better managers of their wellness.

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