The World Health Organization’s (WHO) role in suicide prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 757-760
Author(s):  
Danuta Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
Expert Meeting ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO)—a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN)—is a global organization that stimulates international action on global health issues, with the ultimate goal of having the highest possible level of health attained by all people. In 1993, the UN and WHO International Expert Meeting on Guidelines for the Formulation and Implementation of Comprehensive National Strategies for the Prevention of Suicidal Behaviour was held, which resulted in a set of guidelines that encourage national suicide prevention strategies. Moreover, suicide prevention became a global health priority and was integrated into the WHO Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2020. This text will discuss the WHO’s key roles in suicide prevention, such as: establishing international and interdisciplinary partnerships; collecting, compiling, and disseminating essential information; providing sound, clear, and reliable guidance; and establishing effective, cost-effective, and innovative services for suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Towards a National Policy on Suicide Prevention

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Mrinmay Das
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Policy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
Health Action Plan

Suicide is a global phenomenon and occurs throughout the life span. It is recognised as a critical public health issue by the World Health Organization (WHO) in its Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020.1 In the year 2016, it was estimated that globally 817000 population committed suicide. This means world wide one person commits suicide in every 40 seconds.

The All-in-One Heart Pill

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Eric G. Bing
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medically Underserved ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This chapter introduces the benefits, especially in medically underserved areas and developing countries, of a pill that combines medications shown to reduce heart attacks and strokes. Because this polypill is potentially more cost-effective and more likely to be taken regularly than current (insufficient) treatment regimens for treating cardiovascular disease among economically challenged communities, its development and distribution could significantly improve outcomes. The chapter provides examples of similar approaches to global health issues that have been successful. It concludes by encouraging the World Health Organization to approve the polypill, put advocates in place, and establish partnerships so that the pill can start saving lives.

scholarly journals Vaccination Coverage for Routine Vaccines and Herd Immunity Levels against Measles and Pertussis in the World in 2019

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Pedro Plans-Rubió
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
The World ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Global Vaccine Action Plan with the objective to promote essential vaccinations in all countries and achieve at least 90% vaccination coverage for all routine vaccines by 2020. The study assessed the mean percentages of vaccination coverage in 2019 for 13 routine vaccines, vaccination coverage variation from 2015 to 2019, and herd immunity levels against measles and pertussis in 2019 in countries and regions of WHO. In 2019, the mean percentages of vaccination coverage were lower than 90% for 10 (78.9%) routine vaccines. The mean percentages of vaccination coverage also decreased from 2015 to 2019 for six (46.2%) routine vaccines. The prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced measles immunity in the target measles vaccination population was 88.1%, and the prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced pertussis immunity in the target pertussis vaccination population was 81.1%. Herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro = 18 was established in 63 (32.5%) countries but not established in any region. Herd immunity against pertussis agents was not established in any country and in any region of WHO. National immunization programs must be improved to achieve ≥90% vaccination coverage in all countries and regions. Likewise, it is necessary to achieve ≥95% vaccination coverage with two doses of measles vaccines and three doses of pertussis vaccines in all countries and regions.

scholarly journals The Covid infodemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Hyland ◽  
Feng (Kevin) Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Highly Cited

Abstract Covid-19, the greatest global health crisis for a century, brought a new immediacy and urgency to international bio-medical research. The pandemic generated intense competition to produce a vaccine and contain the virus, creating what the World Health Organization referred to as an ‘infodemic’ of published output. In this frantic atmosphere, researchers were keen to get their research noticed. In this paper, we explore whether this enthusiasm influenced the rhetorical presentation of research and encouraged scientists to “sell” their studies. Examining a corpus of the most highly cited SCI articles on the virus published in the first seven months of 2020, we explore authors’ use of hyperbolic and promotional language to boost aspects of their research. Our results show a significant increase in hype to stress certainty, contribution, novelty and potential, especially regarding research methods, outcomes and primacy. Our study sheds light on scientific persuasion at a time of intense social anxiety.

scholarly journals Global Governance and the WHO’s Mandate Post-COVID-19 Crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Vilbert
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
World Health ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Democratic Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 has renovated the debate about global health governance. A number of scholars have proposed that the World Health Organization should assume the position of a central coordinator with hierarchical powers, demanding nation-states to “share their sovereignty”. This article presents four main objections to this project. First, when international institutions receive leverage, they use to impose “one-size-fits-all” policies, which conflicts with the characteristic heterogeny across countries. Second, geopolitical questions and the distribution of power in multilateral institutions put developing countries in a position of vulnerability within a hierarchical order. Third, the risk of crowding out parallel initiatives, especially from non-state actors. Fourth, decisions about health can have a major impact on countries, which may thwart the internal democratic principle. A Pareto improvement would be possible by strengthening the WHO’s operational capacity and its ability to issue technical guidance and coordinate with countries. To test this hypothesis, this study analyses the possible influence of the WHO’s guidance in the first year of the coronavirus health crisis, from January 2020 to January 2021, in 37 countries reported in the World Values Survey Wave 7 (2017-2020). The OLS regression performed shows a statistically significant negative relationship between the trust in the WHO, assumed as a proxy for the level of the organization's penetration, and the number of cases of COVID-19 (per million people) in the countries of the sample. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that there is a valid case for the countries to strengthen the WHO’s mandate post-COVID-19, but they should enhance the operations of provision of reliable information and support. Nation-states, in particular the developing ones, should eschew the temptation to create a hierarchical global health structure, which may not only fail due to countries’ asymmetries but is likely to create losers in the process.

scholarly journals O suicídio: uma reflexão sobre medidas preventivas

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Mazza da Silva ◽  
Victor Colucci Neto
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
World Health ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Action Plan

No presente artigo serão trazidos à baila algumas questões relacionadas ao suicídio, sobretudo com relação aos métodos preventivos. Nesse contexto, será abordado o disposto pela OMS, que reconheceu o suicídio como sendo uma prioridade de saúde pública. Em decorrência, publicou em 2014 o primeiro Relatório Mundial de Suicídio da OMS “Prevenção do suicídio: um imperativo global”, cujo objetivo seria aumentar a conscientização sobre a importância da saúde pública para as tentativas de suicídio e suicídio, fazendo da prevenção ao suicídio uma alta prioridade na agenda global em termos de saúde pública. No mais, além do disposto pela OMS, será discorrido a respeito da prevenção ao suicídio sob a perspectiva da importância da família, salientando-se para o uso e influência das tecnologias, a busca pelo sentido da vida e a valorização da autoestima em crianças e adolescentes. Para tanto, será realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, revistas, textos e artigos científicos.Descritores: Suicídio; Prevenção Controle; Saúde Pública.RferênciasGuia Intersetorial de Prevenção do Comportamento Suicida em Crianças E Adolescentes; 2019.Kovacs MJ. Morte e desenvolvimento humano. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo; 1992.Rocha GMA. Condutas autolesivas: uma leitura pela Teoria do Apego. Rev Bras Psicologia. 2015;2(01):62-70.OMS. Organização Mundial de Saúde. Prevenção do suicídio um recurso para conselheiros. Departamento de Saúde Mental e de Abuso de Substâncias. Gestão de Perturbações Mentais e de Doenças do Sistema Nervoso. Genebra; 2006.p.9-11.Durkheim E. O Suicídio. estudo de Sociologia. São Paulo: Martins Fontes; 2000.Franco M. Após experiências familiares, psicóloga vira 'suicidologista' para prevenir casos. Folha de S. Paulo, São Paulo, 29 out. 2018. Disponível em: https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/equilibrioesaude/2018/10/apos-experiencias-familiares-psicologa-vira-suicidologista-para-prevenir-casos.shtml.  Acesso em: 02 fev. 2020.WHO. World Health Organization. Suicide. Geneva; 2019. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide. Acesso em: 13 jan. 2020.WHO. World Health Organization. Comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2020. Geneva; 2013. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/mental_health/action_plan_2013/en/. Acesso em: 13 jan. 2020.Botega NJ. Comportamento suicida: epidemiologia. Psicologia USP. 2014;25(3):231-36.Brasil. Ministério da Mulher, da Família e dos Direitos Humanos. O suicídio e a automutilação tratados sob a perspectiva da família e do sentido da vida. 2019. p. 1-42.Moraes, FT. Depressão em adolescentes cresce impulsionada por uso de redes sociais. Folha de S. Paulo, São Paulo, 5 nov. 2018. Disponível em: https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/equilibrioesaude/2018/11/depressao-em- adolescentes-cresce-impulsionada-por-uso-de-redes-sociais.shtml. Acesso em: 01 fev. 2020.University of Michigan Health System. Pediatricians update digital media recommendations for kids. ScienceDaily. 2016. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/10/161021093834.htm. Acesso em: 20 jan. 2020.

The Work of Patient Advocacy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duana Fullwiley
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Patient Advocacy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Multilateral Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Patient Advocates ◽  
Umbrella Organization ◽  
Health Organization

This chapter further explores issues of patients' tenacity to shape science, through advocacy on an international level, and investigates the ways that making a disease public in Africa often entails locating it within discourses of humanitarian “crisis,” emergency, and global health prioritization. In this way, tireless patient advocates of African origin living in France created the sickle cell disease umbrella organization of the International Organization for the Fight against Sickle Cell (OILD), which succeeded in getting sickle cell anemia the attention of the World Health Organization and the United Nations in 2008. The OILD's strategy of making sickle cell visible to these multilateral institutions consisted of linking the disease to other pressing global health problems for development through means that often deployed uncertainty as “data.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document