Skin cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubeta Matin ◽  
Jane McGregor ◽  
Catherine Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cutaneous Metastasis ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Skin cancer is very common in the UK, and its incidence is rising rapidly. There are two broad classes of primary skin cancer: non-melanoma and melanoma. Non-melanoma skin cancer is the commonest form (100 000 cases diagnosed annually in the UK), accounting for nine out of ten skin cancers and includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cutaneous melanoma is less common (10 000 cases diagnosed in the UK annually) but confers a significantly worse prognosis and accounts for 75% of skin cancer related deaths. There are also a number of other, rarer, non-melanoma skin cancers (e.g. appendageal carcinomas, Merkel cell carcinoma, sarcomas, vascular malignancies, and cutaneous lymphomas); however, these account for less than 1% of all skin cancers in the UK and so will not be specifically discussed in this chapter. Cutaneous metastases can occur secondary to any internal cancer or, indeed, to skin cancer (e.g. melanoma). In most cases, cutaneous metastasis occurs after the diagnosis of a primary cancer and usually in late stages of the disease but, in some cases, it may be the first presentation, in which case it should prompt a thorough investigation for the primary malignancy.

Surgical Management of Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Wargo ◽  
Kenneth Tenabe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Skin

The prevalence of malignant skin cancers has increased significantly over the past several years. Approximately 1.2 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are diagnosed per year. More alarming, up to 80,000 cases of melanoma are diagnosed per year, an incidence that has been steadily increasing, with a lifetime risk of 1 in 50 for the development of melanoma. The disturbing increase in the incidence of both non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma can largely be attributed to the social attitude toward sun exposure. The clinical assessment and management of skin lesions can be challenging. This review describes the assessment process, including thorough history and examination; the need for possible biopsy; and excision criteria. Specific types of skin cancer are distinguished and include basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; and melanoma; and for each type the incidence; epidemiology; histologic subtypes; diagnosis; and both surgical and non-surgical treatments are provided. Stages I-IV of melanoma are detailed, with prognostic factors described. Surgical treatment for stages I and II include description of the margins of excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The surgical treatment of Stage III melanoma further includes therapeutic lymph node dissection and isolated limb perfusion. Adjuvant therapies are also presented and include radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The additional treatment of metastasectomy for Stage IV melanoma is described. For both Stage III and IV melanoma, the study of vaccines to host immune cells is reported. For Stage IV melanoma, the text also describes immunotherapy treatment. Operative procedures specific to superficial and deep groin dissections are outlined. This review contains 9 figures, 3 tables, and 96 references.

scholarly journals The incidence and clinical analysis of non-melanoma skin cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ciążyńska ◽  
Grażyna Kamińska-Winciorek ◽  
Dariusz Lange ◽  
Bogumił Lewandowski ◽  
Adam Reich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Tumour Site ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
The Face ◽  
Melanoma Skin

AbstractNon-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignancies diagnosed in Caucasian populations. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent skin cancer, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Unfortunately, most European cancer registries do not record individual types of NMSC. To evaluate the incidence of primary BCCs and SCCs regarding age, sex, tumour site and tumour subtype to determine trends in epidemiology of both cancers. Retrospective analysis of BCCs and SCCs diagnosed and treated across seven sites in Poland from 1999 to 2019. We recorded 13,913 NMSCs occurring in 10,083 patients. BCC represented 85.2% of all cases. SCC patients were older than BCC patients (77.1 ± 11.3 years vs. 70.1 ± 12.3 years, p < 0.01). The nodular subtype was the most common subtype of BCC, followed by the superficial and infiltrative subtypes. The superficial BCC subtype was more common on photoprotected areas (p < 0.01), whereas the nodular BCC subtype occurred on the face (p < 0.01). The high-risk SCC subtypes were more common on face compared to low-risk SCC subtypes (p < 0.01). BCC and SCC are common malignancies developing at various ages and anatomical sites. These data underline the need for better registration policies regarding NMSC in order to improve prevention and treatment strategies for these tumours.

scholarly journals Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers at Sites of Previous Frostbite: Case Report and Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalel Imanbayev ◽  
Abay Makishev ◽  
Murat Zhagiparov ◽  
Pauline McLoone
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure ◽  
A Site ◽  
Melanoma Skin

The association between ultraviolet radiation exposure and skin cancer is well established. Limited studies have reported an association between frostbite and the development of non-melanoma skin cancer but evidence for a proven link is insufficient and possible carcinogenic mechanisms have not been fully explored. In this report, 3 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer (1 case of basal cell carcinoma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin) which developed at a site of previous frostbite caused by exposure to extremely cold temperatures in Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan, are described.

Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 1268-1268
Author(s):  
Timothy G Call ◽  
Kari G Rabe ◽  
Brewer D Jerry ◽  
Neil E. Kay ◽  
Clive S. Zent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Abstract Abstract 1268 Poster Board I-290 Purpose There are reports of an increased risk of skin cancers in patients with B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). These skin cancers include basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. This analysis was performed to more completely define the prevalence of skin cancers in patients in the Mayo Clinic Rochester CLL database and to look for contributing factors. Methods The Mayo Clinic Rochester CLL Database includes all patients with a diagnosis of CLL since January 1995 seen in the Division of Hematology and who have signed institutional review board approved consents for research. For this study, 2240 patients were analyzed to compare differences in characteristics between CLL patients with and without skin cancer. Chi-square statistics were used to compare qualitative variables (age categories, gender, referral status, ALC categories, CD38, ZAP-70, IgVH gene mutation status, FISH categories, Rai stage), and t-tests were used for quantitative variables (age at diagnosis, ALC values). Overall survival (OS) and time to first treatment (TFT) analyses were performed with results being displayed using Kaplan-Meier curves and p-values calculated using a log-rank test. Prevalence of melanoma among CLL patients was compared to the age-adjusted prevalence of melanoma in individuals in the Iowa SEER registry. Results Median follow-up for the 2240 patients diagnosed between 1/1/1995 and 8/11/2009 was 4.6 years. In aggregate, 293 (13.1%) patients were found to have non-melanoma skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma) cancer. The diagnosis of non-melanoma skin cancer occurred before the CLL diagnosis in 39% and at or after the diagnosis of CLL in 61%. There were 57 (2.5%) cases of melanoma in association with CLL. The diagnosis of melanoma occurred before the CLL diagnosis in 38% and at or after the diagnosis of CLL in 62%.The prevalence of non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma skin cancer were both higher in non-referred (geographically regional) CLL patients than referred CLL patients (16.6% vs. 11.4%, p<0.001 for non melanoma; 2.0% vs. 3.6%, p=0.03 for melanoma). The prevalence of melanoma in CLL patients was higher than that of age-adjusted prevalence for individuals in the Iowa SEER registry (2.5% vs. 0.03%; p<0.001). We next evaluated the relationship between CLL patients with skin cancer and demographic characteristics, prognostic parameters, and CLL related treatment. The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in CLL was found to be associated with age (median age at diagnosis with skin cancer 67.6 vs. without skin cancer 63.3, p<0.001) and with sex (males 15.1% vs females 8.9%, p <0.001). There was no statistical significant difference in frequency of non-melanoma skin cancer associated with absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), Rai stage, CD 38, Zap 70, IgVH gene mutation status, FISH, or treatment history. The risk of melanoma in CLL was found to be associated with age at diagnosis (median age with melanoma 69.9 vs. without melanoma 63.8, p=0.002) and CD38 (positive 1.3% vs negative 3.1%, p=0.03). There was no statistically significant difference associated with gender, ALC, Rai stage, Zap 70, IgVH gene mutation status, FISH, or treatment history. Since the presence of skin cancer could be a marker of immune dysregulation we hypothesized skin cancer may be associated with clinical outcome of CLL. Accordingly, we evaluated the relationship between non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma skin cancer and TFT and OS. Contrary to our hypothesis, TFT (median 6.0 years vs. 4.9; p=0.04) and OS (median 10.8 years vs. 9.7; p=0.02) of patients with non-melanoma skin cancer were both longer than those without non-melanoma skin cancer. No differences in TFT (p=0.06) or OS (p=0.66) were observed among patients with melanoma compared to those without melanoma. Conclusions We find in our cohort of CLL patients a higher prevalence of melanoma than the general population. Risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer among patients with CLL does not appear to be related to CLL characteristics, with the exception of CD 38, or CLL outcome. The diagnosis of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with CLL does not appear to be a risk factor for either CLL specific outcomes (TFT) or shorter survival. Disclosures Kay: Biogenc-Idec, Celgene, Genentech, genmab: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech, Celgene, Hospira, Polyphenon Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis: Research Funding. Zent:Genentech, Bayer, Genzyme, Novartis: Research Funding. Shanafelt:Genentech: Research Funding; Hospira: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Polyphenon E International: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Cephalon: Research Funding; Bayer Health Care Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.

Multiple primary melanoma in association with other personal and family history of cancers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21559-e21559
Author(s):  
Xi Yang ◽  
Lilit Karapetyan ◽  
Na Bo ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Cindy Sander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Melanoma Skin

e21559 Background: Patients (PTs) with cutaneous melanoma are at increased risk of developing second primary melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The primary aim of this study was to define the association between MPM and personal history of non-melanoma skin cancers and other non-skin cancers. The secondary aim was to evaluate the association between MPM and the presence of other cancers among first-degree relatives (FDRs). Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study including cases with MPM and controls with single primary melanoma (SPM) from the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Melanoma Center Biological Sample and Nevus Bank. The proportions and percentages of non-melanoma skin cancer, other non-skin cancer, 1st degree family history of melanoma, and 1st degree family history of other non-melanoma cancers were calculated separately for MPM and SPM groups. Fisher’s exact tests were performed to test whether MPM was associated with these variables. For each significant variable, a multivariable logistic regression model was used to test its association with MPM after adjusting for age, gender, melanoma staging, and smoking status. Results: In total, 311 PTs (39.2% men; median age at initial diagnosis 51years) were enrolled, including 194 with SPM (38.6%; 51) and 117 with MPM (39.8%; 48). 28 (9%) of PTs had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 63 (20%) had basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The most common non-skin cancers in the whole cohort were prostate (4.8%), breast (3.8%), hematological (1.9%), colorectal (1.3%), and cervical cancers (1.3%). FDR history of melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and other cancers were positive in 15.4%, 7.1% and 46.3% PTs, respectively. The most common non-skin cancers in FDRs were breast, prostate, lung, colorectal and hematological malignancies. In comparison to PTs with SPM, PTs with MPM were more likely to have SCC (14.5% vs 5.7%, p=0.013) but not BCC and other non-skin cancers. FDRs of PTs with MPM had higher prevalence of melanoma (23.1% vs 10.8%, p=0.005), prostate cancer (31.9% vs 5.3%, p=0.0002) but not other non-melanoma skin and non-skin cancers. In multivariate analysis the association remained significant between MPM and SCC (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.6, p=0.032), FDR history of melanoma (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.03-4.1, p=0.042), and FDR history of prostate cancer (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.6-20.3, p=0.008). Conclusions: MPM is associated with higher prevalence of SCC and FDR history of melanoma and prostate cancer, but not BCC and other non-melanoma cancers in comparison to SPM.

Citrus Consumption and Risk of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in the UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Marley ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Victoria L. Champion ◽  
Yiqing Song ◽  
Jiali Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Variation in Skin Cancer Pattern in the Southwestern Region of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3402-3404
Author(s):  
Hina , Manzoor ◽  
Najeeb Ahmad ◽  
Zafar H Tanveer ◽  
Khush Naseed Ahmed ◽  
Munir , Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Field Workers ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Background: Skin cancer is a broad term that refers to a variety of different types of cancer. It is usually recognized as non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer. In many parts of the world, the prevalence is high, with significant ecological and ethical variation. Objectives: Objective was to determine demographic and histological features of skin cancer in Southwest region of Pakistan. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out on skin cancer 1169 cases of Centre for Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy (CENAR) in Quetta. The data from January 2000 to December 2009 (10Years) was retrieved from record. The aim was to determine the importance of skin cancer in this area, its gender wise distribution and its pathological types. Results: Record of total 9308 cancer patients was retrieved from patients presenting to CENAR Quetta. From 9308 case, 1169(12.5%) patients were of skin cancer which was second most prevalent category of cancer in this area. Prevalence was higher in males with 713(61%) cases as compared to females. Pathologically with 634(54%) cases, the most prevalent category was Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Conclusion: Skin cancer is wide-spread type of cancer in patients of south-west region of Pakistan. The findings of this study are not aligned with published data. The difference is because of high altitude of the study area, dry climate and long skin exposure particularly in low socio-economic field workers. Keywords: Skin cancer, gender, Melanoma skin cancer (MSC), Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), Basal cell carcinoma (BCC),

scholarly journals Current and Future Trends in Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Purposes in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taxiarchis Konstantinos Nikolouzakis ◽  
Luca Falzone ◽  
Konstantinos Lasithiotakis ◽  
Sabine Krüger-Krasagakis ◽  
Alexandra Kalogeraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Molecular Biomarkers ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Cpg Island Methylation ◽  
Bowen Disease ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Skin cancer represents the most common type of cancer among Caucasians and presents in two main forms: melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC is an umbrella term, under which basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) are found along with the pre-neoplastic lesions, Bowen disease (BD) and actinic keratosis (AK). Due to the mild nature of the majority of NMSC cases, research regarding their biology has attracted much less attention. Nonetheless, NMSC can bear unfavorable characteristics for the patient, such as invasiveness, local recurrence and distant metastases. In addition, late diagnosis is relatively common for a number of cases of NMSC due to the inability to recognize such cases. Recognizing the need for clinically and economically efficient modes of diagnosis, staging, and prognosis, the present review discusses the main etiological and pathological features of NMSC as well as the new and promising molecular biomarkers available including telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA), CpG island methylation (CIM), histone methylation and acetylation, microRNAs (miRNAs), and micronuclei frequency (MNf). The evaluation of all these aspects is important for the correct management of NMSC; therefore, the current review aims to assist future studies interested in exploring the diagnostic and prognostic potential of molecular biomarkers for these entities.

scholarly journals Treatment of Multiple Actinic Keratosis and Field of Cancerization with Topical Piroxicam 0.8% and Sunscreen 50+ in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Series of 10 Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Garofalo ◽  
Alessandra Ventura ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Laura Diluvio ◽  
Luca Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Actinic Keratosis ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipient ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Organ transplant recipient (OTR) subjects are at high risk of skin cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis (AK) is considered the precursor of these non-melanoma skin cancers. Sun protection is mandatory in subjects with AK and this preventive strategy is very important in OTR. Treatment of the field of cancerization is also crucial to reduce the risk of recurrence of skin lesions in AK and non-melanoma skin cancer patients. Activation of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 enzymes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. Topical application of cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as diclofenac and, more recently, piroxicam has shown to reduce AK lesions in immunocompetent subjects. A medical device containing piroxicam and SPF 50+ sunscreen filters (P+SS) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing AK lesions and improving the field of cancerization. We report the effect of P+SS, applied for 16 weeks, in a case series of 10 OTR subjects with multiple AK lesions. P+SS treatment was associated with a relevant AK lesion reduction (>75%) in 7 patients (with a complete clearance in 3 subjects) with an improvement in the field of cancerization. This medical device could be considered a promising long-term curative and preventive treatment in OTR patients at high risk of non-melanoma skin cancers.

Pharmacologic Immunomodulation and Cutaneous Malignancy in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriasis, and Psoriatic Arthritis

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2205-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL S. KRATHEN ◽  
ALICE B. GOTTLIEB ◽  
PHILIP J. MEASE
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
English Language ◽  
Immunomodulatory Therapy ◽  
Cutaneous Malignancy ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Objective.It is unclear if skin cancer risk is affected by the use of immunomodulatory medications in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate and summarize the available data pertinent to this question.Methods.The English language literature on PubMed was searched with a combination of phrases, including “malignancy,” “skin cancer,” “squamous cell carcinoma,” “basal cell carcinoma,” “melanoma,” “psoriasis,” “psoriatic arthritis,” and “rheumatoid arthritis” in addition to the generic names of a variety of common immunomodulatory drugs. Relevant articles were identified and data were extracted.Results.In total, 2218 potentially relevant articles were identified through the search process. After further screening, 20 articles relevant to RA were included. An additional 19 articles relevant to either psoriasis or PsA were included as well. RA may be a risk factor for the development of cutaneous malignancy. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors increases the rates of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in RA and psoriasis. This risk doubles when combination methotrexate therapy is used in RA. Methotrexate may increase the risk of malignant melanoma in patients with RA and the risk of NMSC in psoriasis. Cyclosporine and prior phototherapy significantly increase the risk of NMSC.Conclusion.RA may potentiate the risk of cutaneous malignancy and therefore dermatologic screening in this population should be considered. The use of immunomodulatory therapy in RA, psoriasis, and PsA may further increase the risk of cutaneous malignancy and therefore dermatologic screening examinations are warranted in these groups. More careful recording of skin cancer development during clinical trials and cohort studies is necessary to further delineate the risks of immunomodulatory therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document