Infection in the Patient with Sickle Cell Anemia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Young
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Lineage

This chapter provides a brief overview of the clinical manifestations of and management strategies for infectious complications in the immunocompromised sickle cell disease patient. The chapter discusses infections in various organ systems, including the respiratory tract, central nervous system, bone, hematopoietic cell lineage, and blood-borne infections. Differentiating infections from noninfectious processes that often have similar presentations in the sickle cell patient may at times be difficult, and clinicians managing sickle cell patients should be keenly aware of this fact. This chapter discusses the common bacterial pathogens associated with infection and a notable viral agent known to profoundly worsen anemia in the sickle cell host, parvovirus B19. Additionally, fundamental antimicrobial regimens and primary and secondary prophylactic strategies are included in this concise summary prepared for clinicians involved in the acute care management of the sickle cell patient.

Sheehan's syndrome in a sickle cell disease patient

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayanbola Adepoju ◽  
Temitope Adeolu ◽  
Ayotunde Ale ◽  
Olatunde Odusan ◽  
Laura Imarhiagbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease Patient ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Sheehan’S Syndrome ◽  
Sheehan's Syndrome

PRECLINICAL STUDY OF THE VETERINARY DRUGS TOXICITY

1970 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
E. K. Rakhmatullin ◽  
O. D. Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Veterinary Drugs ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Organ Systems

Preclinical study of the drugs toxicity was analysed it allows predicting the safety of veterinary drugs in laboratory animals. The fundamental normative instruments in the field of preclinical study of drugs for veterinary medicine and animal husbandry are Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated 06.03.2018 N 101 and GOST 33044-2014 Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. An important indicator of the preclinical study of the veterinary drugs is the determination (calculation) of median lethal dose value (lethal dose for half of the animals tested) or concentration (LD50 or LC50). Existing methods for determining this indicator make it possible at the initial study stage to determine the degree and class the drug of toxicity. Studying the symptoms of intoxication in the analysis of pharmacological substances one obtains significant information about the nature of the action of the future drug. The clinical manifestations of intoxication with damage to various organ systems are presented. As criteria for assessing the toxic effects of veterinary drugs it is recommended to determine LD50, cumulation coefficient, latitude index of therapeutic effects, dose level of toxic effects in the experiment which allows predicting the nature and degree of toxic effects of the drug even at the stage of preclinical veterinary drugs study.

THE CLINICAL, LABORATORY MANIFESTATIONS AND HISTOPATHOLOGY IN NEPHROTIC PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Le Thuan Nguyen ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Lesions

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organ systems. The kidney appears to be the most commonly affected organ, especially nephrotic is a serious kidney injury. The clinical, laboratory manifestations and histopathology are very useful for diagnosis, provide the means of predicting prognosis and guiding therapy in nephrotic patients with lupus nephritis. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of nephrotic patients with lupus treated in the Department of Nephrology Trung Vuong Hospital and Cho Ray Hospital between May/2014 and May/2017. Renal histopathological lesions were classified according to International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society - ISN/RPS ’s 2003. The clinical, laboratory manifestations and histopathological features were described. Results: Of 32 LN with nephritic range proteinuria cases studied, 93.7% were women. The 3 most common clinical manifestations were edema (93.8%), hypertension (96.8%) and pallor (68.9%), musculoskeletal manifestions (46.9%), malar rash (40.6%). There was significant rise in laboratory and immunological manifestions with hematuria (78.1%), Hb < 12g/dL (93.5%), increased Cholesterol (100%), and Triglycerid (87.5%), Creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL (87.5%), increased BUN 71.9%, ANA (+) 93.8%, Anti Ds DNA(+) 96.9%, low C3: 96.9%, low C4: 84.4%. The most various and severe features were noted in class IV with active tubulointerstitial lesions and high activity index. Conclusion: Lupus nephritis with nephrotic range proteinuria has the more severity of histopathological feature and the more severity of the more systemic organ involvements and laboratory disorders were noted. Key words: Systemic lupus, erythematosus (SLE) lupus nepphritis, clinical

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell anemia induced by parvovírus B19

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Borsato ◽  
Paula Bruniera ◽  
Maria P. Cusato ◽  
Klaus E. Spewien ◽  
Edson L. Durigon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Aplastic Crisis

scholarly journals Feasibility of an mHealth self-management intervention for children and adolescents with sickle cell disease and their families

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Phillips ◽  
Julie Kanter ◽  
Martina Mueller ◽  
Amy Gulledge ◽  
Kenneth Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Scale Scores

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy that leads to blood vessel occlusion and multiorgan complications, including pain, that may be experienced daily. Symptom management often begins at home, and tools are needed to support self-management strategies that can be implemented by children with SCD and families. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of the mHealth self-management intervention (application) Voice Crisis Alert V2 for children with SCD and families. Feasibility assessment was guided by the Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. Data were collected with 60 dyads (children with SCD/caregivers) at four time points. Self-management data were collected via application use, and postintervention interviews were conducted. Analyses included descriptive statistics and constant comparison with directed content analysis. Recruitment was completed in 28 weeks, with 82% retention at end-of-intervention. Mobile Application Rating Scale scores and interview data indicated high satisfaction. From baseline to mid-intervention, 94% of dyads used the application (75% of total use); 45% used the application from mid-intervention to the end-of-intervention. Dyads made 2,384 actions in the application; the most commonly used features were recording health history and recording and tracking symptoms. Few reported issues with the application; most issues occurred early in the study and were corrected. After the intervention period was completed, 37% continued to use the application. Feasibility was confirmed by meeting recruitment and retention goals, high adoption of the application, and high reported satisfaction with the application. Challenges with sustained use were encountered, and areas for improvement were identified.

scholarly journals RH genotyping in a sickle cell disease patient contributing to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation donor selection and management

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (15) ◽  
pp. 2836-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M. Fasano ◽  
Alessandro Monaco ◽  
Emily Riehm Meier ◽  
Philippe Pary ◽  
A. Hallie Lee-Stroka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract African individuals harbor molecular RH variants, which permit alloantibody formation to high-prevalence Rh antigens after transfusions. Genotyping identifies such RH variants, which are often missed by serologic blood group typing. Comprehensive molecular blood group analysis using 3 genotyping platforms, nucleotide sequencing, and serologic evaluation was performed on a 7-year-old African male with sickle cell disease who developed an “e-like” antibody shortly after initiating monthly red blood cell (RBC) transfusions for silent stroke. Genotyping of the RH variant predicted a severe shortage of compatible RBCs for long-term transfusion support, which contributed to the decision for hematopoetic stem cell transplantation. RH genotyping confirmed the RH variant in the human leukocyte antigen–matched sibling donor. The patient's (C)ces type 1 haplotype occurs in up to 11% of African American sickle cell disease patients; however, haplotype-matched RBCs were serologically incompatible. This case documents that blood unit selection should be based on genotype rather than one matching haplotype.

Lupus myocarditis: a single center experience and a comparative analysis of observational cohort studies

Lupus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1296-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Tanwani ◽  
K Tselios ◽  
D D Gladman ◽  
J Su ◽  
M B Urowitz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Lupus Myocarditis

Background Lupus myocarditis (LM) is reported in 3–9% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but limited evidence exists regarding optimal treatment and prognosis. This study aims to describe LM in a defined lupus cohort as compared with the existing literature. Patients and methods Patients with LM were identified from the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic database. Diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations and electrocardiographic, imaging, and biochemical criteria. Demographic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic variables and outcomes were collected in a standardized data retrieval form. A literature review was performed to identify cohort studies reporting on LM treatment and outcome. A comparative analysis was conducted between our patients and the combined cohort of the existing studies. Results Thirty patients were diagnosed with LM (prevalence 1.6%) and compared with a cumulative cohort of 117 patients from five distinct studies. No significant differences were found regarding the age at diagnosis (32.6 ± 13.4 years) and SLE duration (2.5 years median). Concomitant lupus activity from other organ systems was observed in 97% of the patients. Chest pain was more frequently reported in our cohort whereas dyspnea was more prominent in the other studies. Diagnostic criteria were similar across studies. Therapeutic approach was comparable and consisted of glucocorticosteroids (96.6%) and immunosuppressives (70%). Mortality was approximately 20% whereas another 20% of the patients achieved partial and 60% complete recovery. Conclusions LM usually occurs early in the disease course and in the context of generalized lupus activity. Despite aggressive therapy, approximately 40% of the patients died or had residual heart damage.

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