scholarly journals Gravitational-wave follow-up with CTA after the detection of GRBs in the TeV energy domain

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (3) ◽  
pp. 3476-3482 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Bartos ◽  
K R Corley ◽  
N Gupte ◽  
N Ash ◽  
Z Márka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cherenkov Telescopes ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Energy Domain ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
High Energy Emission

ABSTRACT The recent discovery of TeV emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescopes confirmed that emission from these transients can extend to very high energies. The TeV energy domain reaches the most sensitive band of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). This newly anticipated, improved sensitivity will enhance the prospects of gravitational-wave follow-up observations by CTA to probe particle acceleration and high-energy emission from binary black hole and neutron star mergers, and stellar core-collapse events. Here we discuss the implications of TeV emission on the most promising strategies of choice for the gravitational-wave follow-up effort for CTA and Cherenkov telescopes more broadly. We find that TeV emission (i) may allow more than an hour of delay between the gravitational-wave event and the start of CTA observations; (ii) enables the use of CTA’s small size telescopes that have the largest field of view. We characterize the number of pointings needed to find a counterpart. (iii) We compute the annual follow-up time requirements and find that prioritization will be needed. (iv) Even a few telescopes could detect sufficiently nearby counterparts, raising the possibility of adding a handful of small-sized or medium-sized telescopes to the network at diverse geographic locations. (v) The continued operation of VERITAS/H.E.S.S./MAGIC would be a useful compliment to CTA’s follow-up capabilities by increasing the sky area that can be rapidly covered, especially in the United States and Australia, in which the present network of gravitational-wave detectors is more sensitive.

scholarly journals Search for High Energy emission from GRBs with MAGIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S324) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Alessio Berti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cherenkov Telescopes ◽  
Gamma Ray Imaging ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
High Energy Emission ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Very High

AbstractGamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe, releasing a huge amount of energy in few seconds. While our understanding of the prompt and the afterglow phases has increased with Swift and Fermi, we have very few information about their High Energy (HE, E ≲ 100) emission components. This requires a ground-based experiment able to perform fast follow-up with enough sensitivity above ~ 50 GeV. The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes have been designed to perform fast follow-up on GRBs thanks to fast slewing movement and low energy threshold (~ 50 GeV). Since the beginning of the operations, MAGIC followed-up 89 GRBs in good observational conditions. In this contribution the MAGIC GRBs follow-up campaign and the results which could be obtained by detecting HE and Very High Energy (VHE, E ≳ 100 GeV) γ-rays from GRBs will be reviewed.

scholarly journals High-energy neutrinos from the gravitational wave event GW150914 possibly associated with a short gamma-ray burst

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reetanjali Moharana ◽  
Soebur Razzaque ◽  
Nayantara Gupta ◽  
Peter Mészáros
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Burst ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
High Energy Neutrinos

scholarly journals Neutrino fluence from gamma-ray bursts: off-axis view of structured jets

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (4) ◽  
pp. 4935-4943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Ahlers ◽  
Lea Halser
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Angular Dependence ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Axis View

ABSTRACT We investigate the expected high-energy neutrino fluence from internal shocks produced in the relativistic outflow of gamma-ray bursts. Previous model predictions have primarily focused on on-axis observations of uniform jets. Here, we present a generalization to account for arbitrary viewing angles and jet structures. Based on this formalism, we provide an improved scaling relation that expresses off-axis neutrino fluences in terms of on-axis model predictions. We also find that the neutrino fluence from structured jets can exhibit a strong angular dependence relative to that of gamma-rays and can be far more extended. We examine this behaviour in detail for the recent short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A observed in coincidence with the gravitational wave event GW170817.

scholarly journals The Zadko Telescope: Exploring the Transient Universe

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Coward ◽  
B. Gendre ◽  
P. Tanga ◽  
D. Turpin ◽  
J. Zadko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Nearby Galaxies ◽  
Cassegrain Telescope

AbstractThe Zadko telescope is a 1 m f/4 Cassegrain telescope, situated in the state of Western Australia about 80-km north of Perth. The facility plays a niche role in Australian astronomy, as it is the only meter class facility in Australia dedicated to automated follow-up imaging of alerts or triggers received from different external instruments/detectors spanning the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Furthermore, the location of the facility at a longitude not covered by other meter class facilities provides an important resource for time critical projects. This paper reviews the status of the Zadko facility and science projects since it began robotic operations in March 2010. We report on major upgrades to the infrastructure and equipment (2012–2014) that has resulted in significantly improved robotic operations. Second, we review the core science projects, which include automated rapid follow-up of gamma ray burst (GRB) optical afterglows, imaging of neutrino counterpart candidates from the ANTARES neutrino observatory, photometry of rare (Barbarian) asteroids, supernovae searches in nearby galaxies. Finally, we discuss participation in newly commencing international projects, including the optical follow-up of gravitational wave (GW) candidates from the United States and European GW observatory network and present first tests for very low latency follow-up of fast radio bursts. In the context of these projects, we outline plans for a future upgrade that will optimise the facility for alert triggered imaging from the radio, optical, high-energy, neutrino, and GW bands.

scholarly journals Gamma-ray burst detection prospects for next generation ground-based VHE facilities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G La Mura ◽  
U Barres de Almeida ◽  
R Conceição ◽  
A De Angelis ◽  
F Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Gamma Ray Burst ◽  
Cherenkov Telescopes ◽  
200 Gev ◽  
Energy Domain ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Very High

Abstract Gamma-ray Bursts (GRB) were discovered by satellite-based detectors as powerful sources of transient γ-ray emission. The Fermi satellite detected an increasing number of these events with its dedicated Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), some of which were associated with high energy photons (E > 10 GeV), by the Large Area Telescope (LAT). More recently, follow-up observations by Cherenkov telescopes detected very high energy emission (E > 100 GeV) from GRBs, opening up a new observational window with implications on the interpretation of their central engines and on the propagation of very energetic photons across the Universe. Here, we use the data published in the 2nd Fermi-LAT Gamma Ray Burst Catalogue to characterise the duration, luminosity, redshift and light curve of the high energy GRB emission. We extrapolate these properties to the very high energy domain, comparing the results with available observations and with the potential of future instruments. We use observed and simulated GRB populations to estimate the chances of detection with wide-eld ground-based γ-ray instruments. Our analysis aims to evaluate the opportunities of the Southern Wide-eld-of-view Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), to be installed in the Southern Hemisphere, to complement CTA. We show that a low-energy observing threshold (Elow < 200 GeV), with good point source sensitivity (Flim ≈ 10−11erg cm−2 s−1 in 1 yr), are optimal requirements to work as a GRB trigger facility and to probe the burst spectral properties down to time scales as short as 10 s, accessing a time domain that will not be available to IACT instruments.

scholarly journals High-energy neutrino follow-up search of gravitational wave event GW150914 with ANTARES and IceCube

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adrián-Martínez ◽  
A. Albert ◽  
M. André ◽  
M. Anghinolfi ◽  
G. Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Neutrino ◽  
Energy Neutrino ◽  
Wave Event

scholarly journals Hunting Gravitational Waves with Multi-Messenger Counterparts: Australia’s Role

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Howell ◽  
A. Rowlinson ◽  
D. M. Coward ◽  
P. D. Lasky ◽  
D. L. Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Design Sensitivity ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
New Era ◽  
Worldwide Network ◽  
The Universe

AbstractThe first observations by a worldwide network of advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors offer a unique opportunity for the astronomical community. At design sensitivity, these facilities will be able to detect coalescing binary neutron stars to distances approaching 400 Mpc, and neutron star–black hole systems to 1 Gpc. Both of these sources are associated with gamma-ray bursts which are known to emit across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Gravitational wave detections provide the opportunity for ‘multi-messenger’ observations, combining gravitational wave with electromagnetic, cosmic ray, or neutrino observations. This review provides an overview of how Australian astronomical facilities and collaborations with the gravitational wave community can contribute to this new era of discovery, via contemporaneous follow-up observations from the radio to the optical and high energy. We discuss some of the frontier discoveries that will be made possible when this new window to the Universe is opened.

scholarly journals High-Energy Neutrino follow-up of first gravitational wave event GW150914

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
Alexis Coleiro ◽  
Bruny Baret ◽  
Thierry Pradier ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Neutrino ◽  
Energy Neutrino ◽  
Wave Event

scholarly journals Modeling Gamma-Ray SEDs and Angular Extensions of Extreme TeV Blazars from Intergalactic Proton-Initiated Cascades in Contemporary Astrophysical EGMF Models

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Emil Khalikov
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Cherenkov Telescopes ◽  
The Universe

The intrinsic spectra of some distant blazars known as “extreme TeV blazars” have shown a hint at an anomalous hardening in the TeV energy region. Several extragalactic propagation models have been proposed to explain this possible excess transparency of the Universe to gamma-rays starting from a model which assumes the existence of so-called axion-like particles (ALPs) and the new process of gamma-ALP oscillations. Alternative models suppose that some of the observable gamma-rays are produced in the intergalactic cascades. This work focuses on investigating the spectral and angular features of one of the cascade models, the Intergalactic Hadronic Cascade Model (IHCM) in the contemporary astrophysical models of Extragalactic Magnetic Field (EGMF). For IHCM, EGMF largely determines the deflection of primary cosmic rays and electrons of intergalactic cascades and, thus, is of vital importance. Contemporary Hackstein models are considered in this paper and compared to the model of Dolag. The models assumed are based on simulations of the local part of large-scale structure of the Universe and differ in the assumptions for the seed field. This work provides spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and angular extensions of two extreme TeV blazars, 1ES 0229+200 and 1ES 0414+009. It is demonstrated that observable SEDs inside a typical point spread function of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) for IHCM would exhibit a characteristic high-energy attenuation compared to the ones obtained in hadronic models that do not consider EGMF, which makes it possible to distinguish among these models. At the same time, the spectra for IHCM models would have longer high energy tails than some available spectra for the ALP models and the universal spectra for the Electromagnetic Cascade Model (ECM). The analysis of the IHCM observable angular extensions shows that the sources would likely be identified by most IACTs not as point sources but rather as extended ones. These spectra could later be compared with future observation data of such instruments as Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and LHAASO.

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