Can a digital slide scanner and viewing technique assist the visual scoring for the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay?

Mutagenesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Emma L Jaunay ◽  
Varinderpal S Dhillon ◽  
Susan J Semple ◽  
Bradley S Simpson ◽  
Permal Deo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Digital Slide ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Desktop Computer ◽  
Damage Indices ◽  
Visual Scoring ◽  
Slide Scanner

Abstract The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMNcyt) assay is a comprehensive method to measure DNA damage, cytostasis and cytotoxicity caused by nutritional, radiation and chemical factors. A slide imaging technique has been identified as a new method to assist with the visual scoring of cells for the CBMNcyt assay. A NanoZoomer S60 Digital Pathology slide scanner was used to view WIL2-NS cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and measure CBMNcyt assay biomarkers using a high-definition desktop computer screen. The H2O2-treated WIL2-NS cells were also scored visually using a standard light microscope, and the two visual scoring methods were compared. Good agreement was found between the scoring methods for all DNA damage indices (micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds) and nuclear division index with correlation R values ranging from 0.438 to 0.789, P < 0.05. Apoptotic and necrotic cell frequency was lower for the NanoZoomer scoring method, but necrotic frequency correlated well with the direct visual microscope method (R = 0.703, P < 0.0001). Considerable advantages of the NanoZoomer scoring method compared to direct visual microscopy includes reduced scoring time, improved ergonomics and a reduction in scorer fatigue. This study indicates that a digital slide scanning and viewing technique may assist with visual scoring for the CBMNcyt assay and provides similar results to conventional direct visual scoring.

The Relation Between Linguistic Awareness Skills and Spelling in Adults: A Comparison Among Scoring Procedures

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1240-1253
Author(s):  
Victoria S. Henbest ◽  
Lisa Fitton ◽  
Krystal L. Werfel ◽  
Kenn Apel
Keyword(s):  
Phonemic Awareness ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Syntactic Awareness ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Spelling Performance ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Average Readers

Purpose Spelling is a skill that relies on an individual's linguistic awareness, the ability to overtly manipulate language. The ability to accurately spell is important for academic and career success into adulthood. The spelling skills of adults have received some attention in the literature, but there is limited information regarding which approach for analyzing adults' spelling is optimal for guiding instruction or intervention for those who struggle. Thus, we aimed to examine the concurrent validity of four different scoring methods for measuring adults' spellings (a dichotomous scoring method and three continuous methods) and to determine whether adults' linguistic awareness skills differentially predict spelling outcomes based on the scoring method employed. Method Sixty undergraduate college students who were determined to be average readers as measured by a word reading and contextual word reading task were administered a spelling task as well as morphological, orthographic, phonemic, and syntactic awareness tasks. Results All four scoring methods were highly correlated suggesting high concurrent validity among the measures. Two linguistic awareness skills, morphological awareness and syntactic awareness, predicted spelling performance on both the dichotomous and continuous scoring methods. Contrastively, phonemic awareness and orthographic awareness predicted spelling performance only when spelling was scored using a continuous measure error analysis. Conclusions The results of this study confirm that multiple linguistic awareness skills are important for spelling in adults who are average readers. The results also highlight the need for using continuous measures of spelling when planning intervention or instruction, particularly in the areas of orthographic and phonemic awareness.

scholarly journals Systematic evaluation of scoring methods for Ki67 as a surrogate for 21-gene recurrence score

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonmyung Paik ◽  
Youngmee Kwon ◽  
Moo Hyun Lee ◽  
Ji Ye Kim ◽  
Da Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Recurrence Score ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Labeling Index ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Ki67 Labeling Index ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility

AbstractAlthough Ki67 labeling index is a potential predictive marker for chemotherapy benefit, its clinical utility has been limited by the lack of a standard scoring method resulting in poor interobserver reproducibility. Especially, there is no consensus on the use of average versus hotspot score for reporting. In order to determine the best method for Ki67 scoring and validate manual scoring method proposed by the International Ki67 Working Group (IKWG), we systematically compared average versus hotspot score in 240 cases with a public domain image analysis program QuPath. We used OncotypeDx Recurrence Score (RS) as a benchmark to compare the potential clinical utility of each scoring methods. Both average and hotspot scores showed statistically significant but only modest correlation with OncotypeDx RS. Only hotspot score could meaningfully distinguish RS low-risk versus high-risk patients. However, hotspot score was less reproducible limiting its clinical utility. In summary, our data demonstrate that utility of the Ki67 labeling index is influenced by the choice of scoring method.

The Validity of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire in Australia: A Comparison Between Three Scoring Methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Donath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Threshold Score

Objective: To investigate the specificity and sensitivity of three different scoring methods of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and hence to determine the best GHQ-12 threshold score for the detection of mental illness in community settings in Australia. Method: Secondary data analysis of the 1997 Australian National Survey of Health and Wellbeing (n = 10 641), using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview as the gold standard for diagnosis of mental illness. Results: The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for the C-GHQ scoring method was 0.84 (95% CI = 0.83–0.86) compared with the area for the standard scoring method of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.76–0.80). The best threshold with C-GHQ was 3/4, with sensitivity 82.9% (95% CI = 80.2–85.5%) and specificity 69.0% (95% CI = 68.6–69.4%). The best threshold score with the standard scoring method was 0/1, with sensitivity 75.4% (95% CI = 72.5–78.4%) and specificity 69.9% (95% CI = 69.5–70.3%). These were also the best thresholds for a subsample of the population who had consulted a health practitioner in the previous 4 weeks. Conclusion: In the Australian setting, the C-GHQ scoring method is preferable to the standard method of scoring the GHQ-12. In Australia the GHQ-12 appears to be a less useful instrument for detecting mental illness than in many other countries.

scholarly journals Digital imaging outperforms traditional scoring methods of spittlebug tolerance in Urochloa humidicola hybrids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Hernandez ◽  
Paula Espitia ◽  
Valheria Castiblanco ◽  
Juan A Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
Visual Scoring

AbstractAmerican spittlebug complex (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) is a critical pest for existing Urochloa humidicola cultivars in the neotropical savannas. The U. humidicola breeding program of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture aims to increase tolerance to spittlebugs. To develop U. humidicola genotypes with superior tolerance to spittlebugs than existing cultivars, adequate screening methods ought to be deployed. Currently, visual scores of plant damage by spittlebugs is the standard method to screen for variation in plant tolerance. However, visual scoring is prone to human bias, is of medium throughput and relies of the expertise of well-trained personnel. In this study, we compared estimations of plant damage from two alternative methods (SPAD measurements and digital images) and visual scoring from an inexpert evaluator with the plant damage estimated from an expert. This information should instruct if different methods could be implemented in the U. humidicola breeding program. Time needed to evaluate damage was recorded for each method. Lin’s correlation coefficient, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and broad sense heritability values were also calculated. Overall, damage estimated from digital images showed the highest throughput (twice as fast as visual scoring from an expert); high correlations with visual scoring (r > 0.80, p < 0.0001); and heritability values for plant damage as good or better (> 0.7) than those obtained by visual scoring from an expert. Our results indicate that digital imaging is a phenotyping method that might improve the efficiency of breeding for increased tolerance to spittlebugs in U. humidicola.HighlightDigital imaging outperformed standard scoring method of spittlebug tolerance in Urochloa humidicola, suggesting that this method might improve the efficiency of breeding for such stress.

Rocky road to digital diagnostics: implementation issues and exhilarating experiences

2020 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2020-206715
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Stathonikos ◽  
Tri Q Nguyen ◽  
Paul J van Diest
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Student Teaching ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings ◽  
Slide Scanner

Since 2007, we have gradually been building up infrastructure for digital pathology, starting with a whole slide scanner park to build up a digital archive to streamline doing multidisciplinary meetings, student teaching and research, culminating in a full digital diagnostic workflow where we are currently integrating artificial intelligence algorithms. In this paper, we highlight the different steps in this process towards digital diagnostics, which was at times a rocky road with definitely issues in implementation, but eventually an exciting new way to practice pathology in a more modern and efficient way where patient safety has clearly gone up.

The digital slide scanner applied to the ocular anatomopathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaspi ◽  
D. Grivet ◽  
F. Forest ◽  
C. Douchet ◽  
J.M. Dumollard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Slide ◽  
Slide Scanner

scholarly journals Representation and evaluation of wildfire propagation simulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Filippi ◽  
Vivien Mallet ◽  
Bahaa Nader
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Simulation Error ◽  
Wildfire Simulation ◽  
Single Number ◽  
Observation Times

This paper provides a formal mathematical representation of a wildfire simulation, reviews the most common scoring methods using this formalism, and proposes new methods that are explicitly designed to evaluate a forest fire simulation from ignition to extinction. These scoring or agreement methods are tested with synthetic cases in order to expose strengths and weaknesses, and with more complex fire simulations using real observations. An implementation of the methods is provided as well as an overview of the software package. The paper stresses the importance of scores that can evaluate the dynamics of a simulation, as opposed to methods relying on snapshots of the burned surfaces computed by the model. The two new methods, arrival time agreement and shape agreement, take into account the dynamics of the simulation between observation times. Although no scoring method is able to perfectly synthesise a simulation error in a single number, the analysis of the scores obtained on idealised and real simulations provides insights into the advantages of these methods for the evaluation of fire dynamics.

scholarly journals Based on the study of optimal pollutant control in yingkou section of daliaohe river

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Qiucen Guo ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Huan He
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Weight Factors ◽  
Score Method ◽  
Comprehensive Score ◽  
Degradation Of Pollutants

In view of the complexity of the river flowing into yingkou section of daliaohe river, an optimal pollutant control screening method combining the migration and degradation of toxic and harmful pollutants was proposed to improve the comprehensive scoring method. The weight factors of 10 synthetic scoring methods were proposed, and different weights were assigned to the weight factors, focusing more on the migration and degradation of pollutants. The improved comprehensive score method was used to screen 39 pollutants in the list of potential pollutants. Twelve kinds.

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